DIY mini tractor from a heavy diesel walk-behind tractor
Frame and body
The material for the manufacture of the frame can be metal corners and pipes. For fastening various elements, it is better to use a bolted connection, which means that you will need a drill, as well as a welding machine, since you cannot do without welding. It is desirable to achieve an optimal ratio of frame weight and strength.
Whether or not to make a body is a matter of taste. However, with a body, a mini-tractor assembled by one’s own hands, for example, on the basis of the “Neva”, looks more presentable, and besides, additional protection is created from the driver’s dirt and various components. For the body, it is best to use stainless steel.
Instructions for the manufacture of the unit
Having decided on the model of the walk-behind tractor, you can proceed to its modernization. This instruction will be useful for owners of units “Centaur”, “Agro”, as well as “Zubr”.
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Recommendations for choosing a walk-behind tractor
The choice of the model of the initial technical means must be approached with the utmost responsibility. Special attention should be paid to several characteristics:
- Engine power. a more powerful walk-behind tractor will be required to process a large plot of land.
- Fuel. it is advisable to opt for models using diesel fuel. They are more economical and are great for working on large land plots.
- Weight. the lower this indicator, the easier it is to control the walk-behind tractor. However, if the unit is the basis for a mini tractor, then preference should be given to more massive models.
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Cost. no need to focus on expensive units, because it is to save money that the walk-behind tractor is purchased.
Features of the
To make a mini-tractor from a walk-behind tractor, you must take into account its characteristic features. The overwhelming majority of structures used in practice are supplemented by attachments of various types. primarily arrows, buckets and plows. At the same time, mini-tractors are characterized by high cross-country ability, they can operate equally effectively in parks, on lawns and lawns, on asphalt, in a garden, and so on.
The advantage of mini-tractors is also the minimum consumption of fuel and lubricants.
The high maneuverability of small equipment allows you to carry out a variety of jobs, even where more powerful machines will not pass. At the same time, a mini-tractor is significantly stronger than a walk-behind tractor, which allows you to confidently use it to move various loads.
Unlike walk-behind tractors, a mini-tractor requires a special storage room.
A full-fledged mechanical transmission is always installed on mini-tractors. there is no special need to install different types of chassis. The power units installed by default on the walk-behind tractor are guaranteed to have to be changed. Their power does not meet the necessary requirements.
Both two-stroke and four-stroke gasoline engines installed on walk-behind tractors of various brands do not produce more than 10 liters of effort. from. For a mini-tractor, the smallest allowable force is 18 liters. from. If diesel engines are installed, then it can reach 50 liters. from.
But you won’t be able to limit yourself to replacing the engine. It is imperative to change the transmission.
None of the types that are used on walk-behind tractors are suitable. It is necessary to install a friction clutch. this is what the developers of modern miniature tractors recommend. The peculiarity of such a device is that rotation appears due to friction between the driving and driven elements of the clutch.
The two-wheeled undercarriage is most often changed to a four-wheeled version.
Caterpillar structures are rare. The differences are manifested in the governing bodies. If on walk-behind tractors they concentrate on the handle to make it more convenient for users, then a full-fledged steering wheel is installed on mini-tractors. At the same time, we must not forget that buttons and levers are also placed on the dashboard that perform auxiliary functions.
Developers of walk-behind tractors provide for special brackets or power take-off shafts for attaching auxiliary devices. But for a mini-tractor, this solution will not work. It must be designed differently so that the placement of any additional components does not cause problems.
Even if you do not delve into the technical differences between the walk-behind tractor and the tractor, it is impossible to ignore one more point. the mini-tractor must have an operator’s seat; it is not always on the block. But still, for technically trained people, all these corrections are not difficult.
Not all motoblocks, however, allow you to do this equally successfully. Sometimes you have to either abandon your idea, or significantly degrade the technical characteristics of the device. It’s not just about the right motor power. Much better chance of success if it runs on diesel fuel. These engines allow you to successfully process large areas, using less fuel.
Attention should also be paid to the mass of the original walk-behind tractor. High loads require a much heavier device. Elementary stability depends on this. Since those converting agricultural machinery strive to save money, there is no point in purchasing very expensive block models. Therefore, preference should be given to affordable high power modifications that are equipped with a minimum of options. All the same, these additions will be added during the rework itself.
Wireframe creation
You don’t need a lot of material to create a wireframe. At the same time, if something is missing, then analogs can be used. But the dimensions and properties should be similar. This is about:
- metal. you need to prepare the corners, channel and square tube. For cladding, you need steel with a minimum thickness of 1.5 mm;
- rotary device;
- wheels and axles;
- bearings;
- tape measure, welding, drill, grinder.
The assembly is carried out only according to the scheme. you cannot deviate from it.
Once all the elements have been connected, it is necessary to check whether the installation was carried out correctly. To do this, you need to install the frame on the walk-behind tractor. If everything became as needed, then you can continue to create a mini-tractor. if something went wrong, then you need to correct the shortcomings.
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What is required
Before starting work, you should make sure that you have all the necessary parts, materials, and tools.
So, what is required for work:
- Motoblock. It must be chosen taking into account the above recommendations. It is he who will serve as the basis in a homemade mini tractor.
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- Additional wheelset with axle. It is imperative to purchase bearings for the wheels, as well as a steering unit.
- Metal sheets, pipes and corners. The material is needed to create the body and frame of the structure.
- Elements for fixing parts and mechanical assemblies. In this case, washers, bolts, nuts, welding.
To carry out the assembly, in addition to the details, you also need to prepare a number of tools:
- welder;
- drill screwdriver;
- a set of wrenches of different sizes;
- pliers;
- Bulgarian.
A homemade unit has a number of advantages. First of all, this is the cost. Even if the DIY needs to buy a cultivator, they will spend less money anyway. In addition, you can create special equipment of the desired size, degree of adhesion to the ground, as well as performance.
As for the disadvantages, they are that the equipment made by hand is much inferior to the factory models in the level of reliability. Also, this technique often requires repair work.
Fracture from the Bison walk-behind tractor
Step-by-step instruction
Kinematic diagram of a mini tractor.
First of all, a kinematic diagram of the future minitractor should be developed. If you have some experience, then you can make such a scheme yourself or find ready-made options on the Internet. It is quite possible that you will be lucky enough to find drawings of alteration of a mini-tractor from a walk-behind tractor for a specific model. This will greatly facilitate further work. In addition, on the Internet you can find a lot of video material showing the assembly and modernization of such units.
Engine mounting
In most cases, on homemade mini tractors, the power plant is located in front. For this, special fasteners are welded to the frame. The front engine will help balance the attachment. The transmission of motion to the wheels is carried out thanks to a belt drive. In order to be able to tighten the belt well, all fastening elements should be made adjustable. In addition, during the installation of the power plant, special attention must be paid to the pulleys, which must be located coaxially to each other.
Frame and body
Whether or not to make a body is a matter of taste. However, with a body, a mini-tractor assembled by one’s own hands, for example, on the basis of the “Neva”, looks more presentable, and besides, additional protection is created from the driver’s dirt and various components. For the body, it is best to use stainless steel.
Running in
After the alteration is completed, you can paint the mini tractor and install attachments. Painting will prevent the occurrence of corrosive processes. Before using the finished mini-tractor based on the “Neva” or “Salyut” walk-behind tractor, it is required to run it in. This is necessary in order to check the functioning of all units and promptly eliminate all possible malfunctions. It will be a shame if the unit, assembled by hand, fails on the very first day of work. If the running-in went well, you can attach the trailer and run the mini-tractor again.
The video shows how a ready-made homemade mini tractor functions.
When the mini-tractor is fully assembled and run-in, it can be made more “sophisticated” in the future, as imagination and financial possibilities allow. Canopy, headlights, hydraulic system and so on can be installed. As a result, you have received a unit that will significantly facilitate the processing of a personal plot and exceed the factory models in terms of comfort.
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Frame creation
This is the main element of the design of the minitractor and it is with its manufacture that you should start. Thanks to the lengthening of the frame, an additional pair of wheels, seat and steering can be installed on it. For the manufacture of the frame, you will need metal pipes, a channel and a corner. The size of the section of the blanks is not of fundamental importance. The main thing is that the frame does not deform due to loads.
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Weighting the entire unit will benefit him, because traction will improve. All material must be cut in accordance with the required dimensions and then welded into a rectangular structure. To strengthen it, the joints can be additionally reinforced with bolted connections.
It is also advisable to install the frame on a crossbeam to increase the rigidity of the entire structure. Then it remains to fix the suspension on the frame, a device for working with attachments. If a mini tractor will be used to move loads, you should also think about a towbar.
Installing the levers
To make the control more convenient, it is necessary to provide for the installation of levers that will be responsible for the brake and clutch. The easiest way, which is preferred by many craftsmen, is a cable drive device that communicates with the motor unit.
Seat and steering
After the body is made and attached, the driver’s seat must be installed. On car showdowns, you can find a front seat from an old passenger car. The main thing is that the chair is comfortable.
Do-it-yourself steering wheel installation should be done after the seat is attached to adjust the tilt angle and height. You can choose the principle of the steering system used in go-karts. Of course, you will have to make the rods stronger and shorter, since in this case the efforts will be much higher. Just like the chair, the steering wheel can be found at auto breakdowns.
Optional equipment
With the propulsion system secured to the frame, there are only a few steps left to complete. First of all, the brake system is mounted and the reliability of its operation is checked. After that, you should start installing the hydraulics for working with attachments and secure the seat. To protect the engine and other mechanisms of the unit, it is worth making a casing from a thin sheet metal. When the device is assembled, it must be run-in. If there are no problems, you can check its operation under load.
Wireframe creation
You don’t need a lot of material to create a wireframe. At the same time, if something is missing, then analogs can be used. But the dimensions and properties should be similar. This is about:
- metal. you need to prepare the corners, channel and square tube. For cladding, you need steel with a minimum thickness of 1.5 mm;
- rotary device;
- wheels and axles;
- bearings;
- tape measure, welding, drill, grinder.
The assembly is carried out only according to the scheme. you cannot deviate from it.
Once all the elements have been connected, it is necessary to check whether the installation was carried out correctly. To do this, you need to install the frame on the walk-behind tractor. If everything became as needed, then you can continue to create a mini-tractor. if something went wrong, then you need to correct the shortcomings.
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