How many km per hour the angular grinder spends. Makita

We draw up a write.off of cutting circles when performing construction work

How much grinding is enough. depends on several factors, in particular:

• Which tool is used. At high speed, wear and tear often occurs faster than on small.
• Circle type. circles with a strongly pronounced abrasive surface have increased granularity, so they can also wear out faster. For grinding, sand circles are most often used, which, depending on the type of grinding material, can be washed out quickly enough.

General provisions

one.one. These norms establish general requirements for the calculation of the consumption standards of the purchased standard locksmith, measuring and abrasive tools (hereinafter-the tool) and apply to industrial enterprises, installation and specialized construction organizations and their auxiliary production (hereinafter-organizations) of the Ministry of Installation and Special Construction Work USSR.

one.2. A standard tool should be understood as a tool centrally manufactured in accordance with state and industry standards of instrumental plants of the Ministry of Council, enterprises of the USSR Ministry of installation and other industries.

one.3. The norm of the tool consumption is the permissible amount of the instrument of a certain group or type in quantitative or value terms, which is necessary to perform a certain type and volume of work.

one.four. The consumption rates are used to substantiate by organizations the need for a purchased tool.

one.5. The use of norms allows you to reduce the tool consumption and establish optimal conditions for its use.

one.6. The annual application need for the tool is determined on the basis of the calculation according to the methods below, taking into account the reserve, which is recommended to be accepted in the amount of 15 % of the calculated instrument consumption and the actual residue of the suitable tool at the end of the reporting year.

one.7. The instrument consumption rates are calculated separately for each type and type of tool.

Introduced by the main technical department

Approved by the Ministry of Mount of the USSR on December 24, 1987.

The deadline for introduction to July 1, 1988.

Device and principle of operation

There is a huge selection of corner grinding, which differ in the manufacturer, technical characteristics and price. But the device and principle of operation of the corner grinder is unchanged. Inside the body, consisting of two parts, are mounted:

• collector electric motor of certain power;
• a gearbox connected to the engine shaft and responsible for the rotation of a cutting or grinding circle;
• Spindle leaving the gearbox at right angles (hence the name of the machine. “angular”).

A grinding circle or other nozzle is fixed on a spindle. One or two handles are screwed on the corner of the corner grinder, for which it is convenient to keep the tool during operation. Inalienable details of the device: button on, latch and protective casing. You should not go into the subtleties of electronic filling, since the main attention must be stopped when choosing on the technical parameters of the unit.

Advantages and disadvantages

Of course, when choosing a corner grinder, both a professional and an amateur pay attention to the main characteristics, thanks to which you can determine the performance of a particular model. Dewalt offers its customers the highest indicators in many respects (unlike other manufacturers)

First of all, each of the models boasts high performance, which is important during long construction work. Dewalt corner grinder can work without interruptions of a rather long time period, without heating and without losing their technical characteristics

Manufacturers took into account the fact that a great many people of different professions use their products, so the power diameter of the working part varies from 115 to 230 millimeters.

Also, many models differ in the presence of the possibility of adjusting the casing without using a special key. This is the most convenient option, because during construction work it is not always possible to make too many movements at the same time. In addition, many users note the correct location of the buttons in light availability. Therefore, a huge plus of the Bulgarians of this brand is that they are practical in using. over, some models are equipped with the function of protection against intentional starting, electronic speed adjustment, self.turning brushes and many other functions that greatly facilitate the work.

Engine power

In any model, the corner grinder all technical characteristics are interconnected. Traditionally, the choice of tool begins with engine power. It is this parameter that indicates what materials the angular grinder is able to cope with. the greater the power, the more dense material it will cut.

Manufacturers produce models of different power, which varies from 0.6 to 2.7 kW. However, all of them can be conditionally divided into two types:

• Household. The power of the motor does not exceed 1.2–1.5 kW. powerful engines are mounted in massive heavy buildings that can withstand prolonged continuous work without overheating.
• Professional. Corner grinder power is 1.5 kW and above is a sure sign of professional power tools. Such models consume more electricity, and it is more difficult to keep them in their hands.

It is worth noting that the larger the power of the electric motor, the more significant the size and mass of the angular grinder. This relationship is easy to trace:

• with a power of 0.7–0.8 kW, the weight of the unit is 1.5–2.0 kg;
• The corner grinder with a capacity of 1.0–1.2 kW will pull at 2.0–2.3 kg;
• Corner grinder with a capacity of more than 1.5 kW will weigh at least 3.5 kg.

Professional corner grinder is easy to distinguish from household ones by basic criteria:

• Significant weight of the unit. this is due to the presence of additional structural nodes and a frame of increased strength;
• additional functions that simplify the work of a master with a power tool;
• The high cost, which is due to the use of wear.resistant components that can last a long time without overheating and breakdown.

Interesting! Some manufacturers stain the power tool in different colors, depending on the purpose. For example, Bosch denotes professional corner grinders, drills or screwdrivers in blue, and household units. green.

All corner grinder is supplied with one or two handles, the number of which depends on the power of the device. Professional devices are usually equipped with two handles, with which you can hold a heavy unit in your hands for a long time while working.

One.handed corner grinder is light household models whose power does not exceed 1.5 kW. Their design provides for the possibility of screwing the handle to the body on one or the other, depending on the individual characteristics of the master and the workplace. However, in some models it is possible to fasten the handle in the third position, convenient for grinding work. along the axis of rotation of the circle. Although it cannot be said that the presence of this function is such an important factor when choosing an angular grinder.

Important! Professional builders advise choosing a corner grinder for household purposes with an engine with a capacity of 0.8–1.2 kW, for large.scale construction in the country or in the house. up to 1.5 kW. It is such a tool that will cope with the main tasks, without causing difficulties during operation and without consuming a large amount of electricity.

For cutting a thin pipe or a metal corner, a power of 0.8–1.0 kW is sufficient, but for cutting concrete you will need an angular grinder with an engine of 1.5–1.7 kW.

Rotational speed

Even from the foundations of physics, everyone remembers that the speed of rotation indicates how much revolutions per minute are capable of making a corner grinder spindle. This indicator in different models ranges from 2.8 thousand. up to 11 thousand. revolutions. There is a clear relationship between the speed of rotation and the diameter of the working circle: the smaller the diameter of the circle, the greater the speed of rotation, and, conversely, the large disc has a lower speed that usually does not exceed 6.6 thousand. rpm.

It doesn’t matter how much revolutions the corner grinder has, because each manufacturer optimizes this indicator for a specific model. Yes, and experts do not consider this parameter decisive when choosing an instrument, however, they recommend purchasing a corner grinder with a speed regulator that is in all professional models and in some household.

Power consumption

The power of the angular grinder consumption depends on the class of the tool (household or professional), as well as on the maximum speed of rotation and the maximum diameter of the disks used. A professional tool is equipped with a cooling system that protects the tool from overheating at large loads.

To achieve a large number of revolutions, and even with large diameters disks, you also need high power. Therefore, domestic corner grinders are always less powerful than professional. The average power of the household angular grinder is 1.5 kW, while in professional Bulgarians this indicator almost always exceeds 2 or 2.5 kW.

Useful functions

When buying a corner grinder, it is better to give preference to the most famous firms to manufacturers, such as: Makita, Bosch, Defort, Metabo, Kress, Hitachi, etc. Pay no less attention to the place of purchase. In large stores, you are unlikely to sell a fake, but in few familiar stalls or markets may well.

Speaking about and more expensive. Do not buy a very cheap tool. He is unlikely to leave you good impressions about himself.

in different regions and stores may differ.

Now you know everything about how to choose the right angular grinder and how the corner grinder differs. Good luck!

Regulator scheme

An important option for increasing the universalism of work is the equipment of the angular grinding regulator of revolutions. Some models have a regular, factory device, others can be installed on others.

Homemade revolutions are based mainly on schemes with basic semiconductor devices. simysters and thyristors. They differ in the limits of changes in the number of revolutions. the scheme on thyristors reduces the speed to zero, the simystory regulators have a specific value that is different from zero. It is not possible to maintain power at reduced revolutions with such electronic circuits.

Adjusting wheel on the housing corner grinder Dewalt DWE4257. Photos all tools.RU

Industrial corner grinder with a rotation speed regulator has a speed stabilization system, which works on the principle of feedback. A special sensor installed in a certain place of the corner grinder is the source of the appeal signal. This scheme allows you to maintain power in the operating modes of an angular grinder with reduced speed.

Additional options for the Bulgarians

Manufacturers of corner grinding machines have provided a number of additional options that can improve the operational characteristics of the devices and are able to increase the safety of the user. The following is a review of some of these options.

Smooth start

When the electric motor is launched, the load on its winding increases in a spasmodic one by 6-8 times. This fact often disables the engine, and at best, when starting, protection is triggered. Also, at a sharp launch, a shock moment transmitted to the gearbox and spindle appears.

To eliminate this trouble, some manufacturers of an angular grinder set a special electronic circuit capable of providing a smooth engine start. Due to the fact that electronics gradually increases the voltage on the windings of the electric motor over a certain time interval, the rotor speed increases smoothly.

Revolutions adjustment

Not all angular grinding machines are produced with a revolution regulator. The spindle rotation speed set up using a wheel placed on the device case.

Revolutions may be required when changing the diameter of the tool or when performing grinding works. In the latter case, the speed must be reduced. But if you need to cut materials, then this should be done at high speeds, otherwise the tool will wear out faster, and in some cases it will simply break.

Electronic revolutions stabilization

When the disk is in contact with the part of the part, friction occurs, which significantly increases the load on the electric motor. As a result of this, the spindle rotation frequency is reduced. To avoid the drop in engine speed during load, a speed stabilization system is installed. Thanks to her, the number of spindle revolutions is supported at the same level, despite the changing load on the tool.

This system is not equipped with all models of the Bulgarians, so its presence is rather desirable, but not necessarily.

Automatic balancing

Since the tool fixed on the corner grinder rotates at high speed, the slightest unbalancing can cause beating and vibration. In expensive models, an angular grinder sets a special balancing mechanism that reduces vibration and beating if the equipment is worn out unevenly.

Protection against jamming

This protection is very important, since when jaming the tool, for example, during cutting thick material, the engine winding begins to heat up and may burn out. Therefore, a good corner grinder should have protection against jamming. As soon as the forced stop of the motor rotor occurs, the electronics are triggered, and the current supply to the engine winding stops.

Re.launch protection

The system of protection against re.starting the engine will be useful in the case when electricity suddenly turns off during the operation of the unit. Even if the starting button is fixed in the pressed position, the corner grinder will not turn on when restoring the supply of electricity. To resume the work, you need to jerk off the lock and press the start button again.

Quickly removable clamp

With a frequent change in equipment on a corner grinder, it can be very inconvenient to use a standard nut that is unscrewed by a special key. Sometimes this procedure takes a few minutes. Therefore, when performing large volumes of work, with a frequent change in the tool, it is recommended to purchase a quick.and.packed SDS nut. With its help, the equipment changes in a few seconds.

Spindle brake

This function is useful for people saving time. If you often use a corner grinding machine, and after turning it off, you do not want to wait until the equipment stops to put it on the table, choose a device that has a brake device in your design.

In some grinder, the brake works on the principle of friction, as in a car. But, for example, in the apparatus of Bosch, this function is implemented using a complex electronic circuit, and works on the principle of repaying. But such a brake system works only when the device is included in the network. If you pull the fork from the outlet, then the spindle brake will not happen.

Electronic braking can be useful when jaming equipment into parts, and prevents the grinding of grinders from the hands.

How the corner grinder works

Corner grinder can work from various power sources:

• Electric model. connected to the network using a cable and has a limited radius of work, but has a low cost.
• Corner grinder, which works on the battery, does not depend on the mains and can be used in places where it is not, but it is recommended to store 2 batteries for work. Has a high cost and relatively low power.
• A gasoline model is a professional cutting device in the absence of an electric network. Have high power, but depend on the fuel.
• Pneumatic angular grinder is used in conditions with high humidity. They do not overheat, but for use you need to connect to a pneumatic line or compressor

The motor enters tension, and its shaft begins to rotate. Its torque goes to the gear, which twists the axis of the connection between these details can be straight.toothed and scoop.shaped (it is more reliable and less noisy). Modern models have a special coupling in the case, which protects against a reverse blow if the disk jackets. It will prevent a complete breakdown of the corner grinder, as well as an injury to the operator.

Scotant Glocation Source Yandex.Net

Regulator scheme

An important option for increasing the universalism of work is the equipment of the angular grinding regulator of revolutions. Some models have a regular, factory device, others can be installed on others.

Homemade revolutions are based mainly on schemes with basic semiconductor devices. simysters and thyristors. They differ in the limits of changes in the number of revolutions. the scheme on thyristors reduces the speed to zero, the simystory regulators have a specific value that is different from zero. It is not possible to maintain power at reduced revolutions with such electronic circuits.

Adjusting wheel on the housing corner grinder Dewalt DWE4257. Photos all tools.RU

Industrial corner grinder with a rotation speed regulator has a speed stabilization system, which works on the principle of feedback. A special sensor installed in a certain place of the corner grinder is a signal of a turning signal about a change in the turnover. This scheme allows you to maintain power in the operating modes of an angular grinder with reduced speed.

Disk diameters

It is the diameter that will determine the sphere of work with a corner grinder. Consider the most popular options:

• 115 mm the smallest diameter of the disk for cutting parts up to 30 mm thick. Useful for grinding small areas, cutting nails or thin sheet metal. common diameter, cut the workpiece to a depth of up to 40 mm. The most universal size, light and at the same time productive. Suitable for removing a layer of paint, removing corrosion or stripping welds. Not the most popular disk size, cuts the part up to 50 mm thick. Convenient for dismantling pipes, cutting reinforcement. The second most popular diameter, cut depth from 40 to 60 mm. Used to make grooves, as well as for cutting brick and concrete. The largest disk size, cuts the workpieces to a depth of 80 mm. It is used on heavy construction work for cutting rails and thick pipes, asphalt or paving slabs.

Power

The maximum disk diameter and continuous operation depends on the power of the engine.

• Up to 1000 watts. a low.power corner grinder, will cope with polishing and grinding of metal and concrete materials. Come in handy in an apartment or private house.
• From 1000 to 2000 watts. suitable for cutting profile, corners, pipes, fittings or metal sheets. Used for long.term work.
• From 2000 watts. powerful corner grinder for cutting ceramic tiles and porcelain tiles, gaskets of pipes and electrical wiring. It is used in heavy construction or professional work.

Chips on the choice

When choosing any product, it is necessary to take into account the main characteristics by which its quality and performance are determined. For a grinding machine, this is, first of all, the power, the size of the discs on which the construction process, the speed of rotation and some other additional functions (for example, the presence of a brush) depends, thanks to which the tool improves its indicators.

Of course, for starters, it is important to decide which tool you need: household or professional. The first option is not suitable for everyday use, since the worker should take regular breaks in order to avoid overheating of the tool

over, if work is supposed in difficult conditions, for example, near the Earth or where there will be a lot of dust, you need to stop your choice on a professional tool. The case of such devices is created of metal, and the tool itself is equipped with brass liners, which makes it more wear.resistant.

For independent repair of the house, an apparatus is suitable, the diameter of the disk of which is 115 millimeters, but for daily use it is worth considering those that reach 150 or more. If the work of medium complexity is supposed, then it is worth considering models whose power reaches 900 watts. Those whose work is related to the frequent use of corner grinding, a machine with a capacity of 1,500 watts is suitable.

Functions

The price of the tool directly depends on the availability of additional functions: the more useful options, the greater the amount will have to be given for the unit. What kind of functions can be offered by manufacturers angular grinder?

• Protection against jamming. The jamming of the disk threatens in danger, because when it suddenly stops it, the machine is able to break out of the hands and harm the health of the master. Therefore, the presence of additional protection against jamming should be a priority for its own safety.
• Smooth start. This option allows the device to smoothly gain momentum to the optimal value. Its presence excludes sharp surges in speeding, makes the master more comfortable and extends the service life of a corner grinder.
• Revolutions adjustment. This function allows you to adjust the speed of the corner grinding in accordance with the processed material and the diameter of the cutting disk. The ability to adjust the revolutions helps to save not only consumables, but also electricity.
• Supporting a constant level. The necessary function, especially during long.term laborious work.
• Vibration navigation.Useful option on powerful professional grinder. with prolonged work with the unit, the extinguishing of vibration will make the work of a specialist more comfortable.
• Fast change of disk. Such a function will be needed when a frequent and fast change is needed.

At what speed can you save fuel as much as possible

Probably not on the network there is more popular topics on autotematics, like saving fuel in the car. And this is logical. After all, all car owners want to save money. Unless of course you are a wealthy person who is a full fuel tank is the same as buying a loaf of Bukhankaa in a store. But most car owners always want to know how to save fuel as much as possible. Today we will not tell you about known to all ways to reduce fuel consumption in the car. Today we will talk about speed. You know how speed your car is as economical as possible? And, are you aware that knowing at what speed your car consumes the least amount of fuel, you can save big money, which you can then spend on more necessary business or goods?To begin with, let’s turn to the European method of measuring fuel consumption with new cars according to the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) standard. This method of measuring the real fuel consumption is created so that customers of cars know how much this or that car actually spends in real conditions on the road.

So, according to the European standard, the NEDC froze the fuel of the subject of the test car on real roads: highway, city, etc.P. According to the standard acceleration to a speed of 50 km/h, it should pass no more slowly than 25 seconds. When driving along the highway, city and acceleration are allowed up to 70 km/h. At this speed, specialists measure the real fuel consumption.

Also during testing a new car, it is allowed to accelerate to 100 km/h. Maximum for acceleration to 100 km/h is allocated for 5 minutes. It is allowed to reduce speed to 70 km/h when accelerating to 100 km/h when driving (without pressed gas pedal). Then the car is short.lived to 120 km/h. At this speed, the car moves a little less than a minute. Next, the average fuel consumption measurement is calculated.

Unfortunately, this test is also not perfect, like its own measurements of the economy of automakers. The fact is that these fuel consumption measurements are held with the car radio disconnected, with the headlights turned off and the air conditioner turned off. Also, tests are not carried out in snowfall, in heavy rain, with heavy winds, etc.P. Accordingly, in real conditions, the fuel consumption of the car will be significantly greater than in these European tests according to the NEW European Driving Cycle (NEDC) standard.

Nevertheless, from these tests, you can still find out interesting information that will be useful for all motorists, the fact is that according to the study, it is established that the greatest fuel savings are achieved at a speed of 70 km/h. The thing is that at this speed you slowly slow down, and also easily pass the majority of turns. In addition, at this speed, engine speed is at the minimum level, which contributes to optimal efficiency. Including at this speed there is no strong aerodynamic air resistance, which greatly affects the consumption of gasoline or diesel fuel.

If you are struggling to save fuel all day, not including the air conditioner, listening to the softly music, etc.D., but then you will start to ride at high speeds you will almost immediately lose all the saved gasoline. The thing is that speed is an enemy of any car owner who wants to save on fuel.

As we have already said the most comfortable and economical mode of car movement is recorded on average at a speed of 70 km/h. But this does not mean that in order to save fuel, you should not go faster. According to a study by a university and the US Department of Energy, the most optimal fuel savings are achieved when moving at a speed of 55 to 60 miles per hour (88. 96 km/h).

This means that every time you exceed a speed of 96 km/h, you begin to lose fuel. And excess fuel is your money. Also excess fuel consumption, your car throws more greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.

So even a slight speed of speed from optimal values ​​can significantly increase fuel consumption. Especially when moving along the highway. Think about whether it is worth a few minutes saved on the way.

How much the fuel consumption in the car grows as the speed of movement increases?

According to a study, which was carried out during the financing of the US Department of Energy, the average speed in the country is 55 miles per hour / 88 km / h (on the highway). As the speed increases, fuel consumption in the car is increased as follows:

At a speed of 60 miles per hour (96 km/h), fuel consumption increases by 3%at a speed of 65 miles per hour (104.6 km/h) fuel consumption increases by 8%at a speed of 70 miles per hour (112, 6 km/h) fuel consumption increases by 17%at a speed of 75 miles per hour (120.7 km/h) fuel consumption increases by 23%at a speed of 80 miles per hour (128.76 km/h) fuel consumption increases 28%

Why, when an increase in speed of movement, the car begins to consume more fuel?

1) With increasing speed of the car, the air resistance increases. According to studies, 40% of the fuel, which is consumed on the high-speed highway, goes due to strong aerodynamic frontal air resistance. Therefore, the higher the speed, the more difficult the car is to move forward. over, an increase in air resistance occurs by an exponential curve. That is, the resistance of the wind during the movement of the car is much larger at a speed of 110-120 km/h than at a speed of 70-90 km/h/h.

2) engines in cars are designed for certain speeds, temperatures and for certain speeds.When the car begins to move at high speed, the engine begins to work outside the optimal range, which ultimately leads to increased fuel consumption.

These principles of fuel consumption are applicable not only to cars, but also to other vehicles. Recently, some world airlines conducted an experiment, trying to reduce fuel consumption in their aircraft. For this, it was decided to reduce the average flight speed by 10 miles per hour (16 km/h). As a result, the flight time of aircraft increased by 2-3 minutes. But this has saved a lot of fuel.

So if you want to save good money by reducing fuel consumption in your car, never move for a long time at high speed (more than 95-100 km/h). In the city cycle, if you have the opportunity, move at a speed of not more than 70 km/h. Yes, in this case you will be on the way a little longer. But remember that at short distances you will lose only a few minutes. Agree, it will not give you anything for a few minutes. But then you will save big money on fuel.