How to change a bit on an electric screwdriver
Electric screwdriver design
What is an electric screwdriver? In fact, this is the same drill, but the electric screwdriver differs from it in that it has a lower rotation speed of the chuck and, at the same time, more torque.
Another difference is that if on a drill the rotation speed can change smoothly, then on an electric screwdriver, as a rule, “fixed” rotation speeds of the chuck are set. This is due to the “slip” function of the electric screwdriver chuck: when the screw is tightened, the chuck stops rotating, although the engine is still running. This function allows you not to tear off the slots and not “drive” the screw inside.
Different types of speeds are designed for specific types of work and materials, as well as the “drilling” mode. Just like a drill, an electric screwdriver has a reverse function. The design features of an electric screwdriver allow them to perform a wide range of work: tightening and unscrewing screws and self-tapping screws, screws and nuts, drilling soft materials.
Using an electric screwdriver, for example, in the production of drywall partitions or in the assembly of furniture, increases the speed of work at times. Therefore, an electric screwdriver is rightfully considered one of the most common tools in any master’s kit.
The designs of all screwdrivers are approximately the same. They are light enough and have a pistol grip designed for one-handed operation.
The clamp of the chuck of the Bosch GSR 12 V electric screwdriver is jammed
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How to remove a drill from an electric screwdriver
However, the electric screwdriver itself works, the chuck is spinning, but because of this failure it cannot be used.
How to work with an electric screwdriver
To remove the drill or bit, you need to switch the electric screwdriver to reverse, fix the chuck and turn on the electric screwdriver: the cams will open and release the drill or bit.
Standard in screwdrivers, the torque limiting clutch. At the top of the case, opposite the cartridge, there is an arrow that indicates the number. The larger the number, the more torque the clutch can withstand without shutting down. In total, the clutch has 10 positions with different torque settings, plus a drill mode. Drill mode? which is labeled “DRILL”, the torque limiting clutch is disengaged. And with an electric screwdriver, you can already drill.
This screwdriver has two speed ranges from 0 to 400 rpm and from 0 to 1340 rpm. The speed can be switched by the red slide switch at the top of the electric screwdriver, in the “reverse” position, the electric screwdriver operates at first. low speed. If the engine is moved forward, the second speed is activated. In addition, the speed number can be seen in the window next to the switch.
A convenient option for a beginner is an indicator of the direction of rotation: two triangles at the top of the device will help determine in which mode the electric screwdriver is working: an arrow forwards means that the chuck rotates clockwise and accordingly turns the screw, if the arrow lights up backwards, the chuck rotates counterclockwise arrows and removes the screw.
The electric screwdriver has an indicator showing the state of charge of the battery.
And next to it there is a POWERLIGHT backlight, which will help a lot when working in poorly lit places.
We drill a wooden block in the “drill” mode, i.e. with the clutch disconnected. For a relatively thin drill, you can turn on the second speed.
To screw in a screw, you need to choose a bit that fits this type of screw. The main types of splines, in the photo from left to right:
- 1) Philips,
- 2) posidrive,
- 3) straight,
- 4) star (torx),
- 5) hex (hex).
In addition to the shape, the slots differ in size and for each slot size of a screw or screw, you need to take a bit of the desired size.
So, the desired bit is selected and clamped in the chuck, but to screw in the screw, turn on the first speed and set the clutch to limit the torque. In our case, for this diameter of the screws, select the position “17”.
How To Change Drill Bit For Bosch First Time Users | Cordless | Wired | Hammer Models
The photo shows the result of screwing in a screw to different depths. When the electric screwdriver has completely screwed in the screw, the screwing force will increase and the torque limiting clutch will start to work. Thanks to this, the screw will not go deeper than necessary and will not split the bar.
The lithium-ion batteries on which the battery is built are very good and you will not need to replace the batteries in an electric screwdriver for a long time.
Published: admin. Apr 2, 2013, Remember article:
Work rules
Working with an electric screwdriver is easy. In the jaws of the chuck, the nozzle necessary for operation is clamped (“bit”, or a wrench, or a drill), and, with some effort pressing on the electric screwdriver, pressing the button rotates the chuck. If it is necessary to unscrew the screw or pull out the drill, the “reverse” is activated. When working, you should follow several rules:
- Fully charge the electric screwdriver before operating it. At the same time, strictly follow the instructions for charging time. “overexposure” of the battery in the charger will shorten its service life.
- When working, correctly select the “screwing” or “drilling” mode. this way you will protect the motor and gearbox of the electric screwdriver from damage.
Remember that the electric screwdriver is not designed for drilling in stone or concrete.
YouTube How to insert a bit into an electric screwdriver correctly?
The start key is designed in such a way as to adjust the rotation speed by pressing force.
An important element of an electric screwdriver is its power source. If the drills are produced in modifications both with a mains supply and in an autonomous (battery) version, then screwdrivers, due to the peculiarities of their application, are almost exclusively battery-powered. The battery is the heaviest and most expensive part of an electric screwdriver.
Household models of screwdrivers are usually equipped with nickel-cadmium (designated “Ni-Cd”), and more expensive professional ones with lithium-ion (“Li-Ion”) batteries. Their difference lies in the fact that nickel-cadmium ones have a shorter service life (about 1000 recharges), and also have one unpleasant feature: if the battery is not completely discharged, its capacity decreases upon subsequent charging.
But whatever the battery, its capacity is limited by the weight of the tool. Therefore, even the most expensive models of screwdrivers can work continuously for no more than a few hours. Some manufacturers solve this problem by adding a second spare battery to the electric screwdriver kit. However, this significantly increases the cost of the instrument. The battery is being charged from a regular network. The charging speed again depends on the model and can be from 2-3 to 6 hours, although some models of screwdrivers provide a “quick” charge in 10-15 minutes.
Device setup and design features
The construction of the tool is quite simple. The plastic housing contains a motor and a gear mechanism that drives a bit located at the end of the device. The design also provides for a toggle switch, a direction and speed switch, a diode backlight, a tightening torque regulator.
The principle of the tool is as simple as its design. The nozzle, fixed in the chuck, is set in motion by means of a shaft, which begins to move from the operation of the engine through the gearbox. Before starting work with an electric screwdriver, you need to check whether the battery is charged and whether the attachment is installed, which is necessary.
To install the required nozzle, you need to select it according to the size of the head of the fastener and insert it into the magnetic holder of the chuck. For this, the cartridge and the sleeve must be removed from the device. After installing the required bit, the chuck is reattached to the tool body.
Next, you need to set the optimal bit rate. This can be done with a dedicated regulator. The required mode is set on the device being used before its operation. You can also switch the direction of the bit.
Before using the electric screwdriver, you need to adjust the screwing depth of the fastener. Over time, it may become necessary to replace the magnetic holder in the chuck. To replace the magnetic holder, the cartridge and coupling, the magnetic holder are removed, and another is installed in its place. After that, the chuck with the coupling is installed back into the body of the electric screwdriver.
Electric screwdriver design
All types of drills are of the same type, including:
- split case;
- drill chuck;
- electrical and mechanical part.
The chuck is used to install the drill and connect it to the rotating shaft. It contains 3-4 jaws, between which the drill is placed. The cams move by rotating the adjusting sleeve. Anchoring, i.e. reduction of the cams by turning the sleeve by hand or using a special key.
The electrical part consists of an electric motor, starting systems, reverse direction of rotation and engine speed control, as well as a power cord or battery. A collector single-phase electric motor is used as source of motion. A starting capacitor is installed to start the engine. The power supply to the motor is carried out through contact brushes fixed in holders.
The switch is usually designed as a start button. It is combined with an engine speed governor. The control circuit based on the transistor is made so that when the start button is pressed, the rotation speed of the motor armature increases.
The reversal of the direction of rotation of the armature is carried out by changing the polarity at the input terminals. The reverse lever is brought out to the body of the device.
The mechanical part of an electric screwdriver includes a gearbox, bearings and a force limiting mechanism. The gearbox provides the transmission of the rotary motion of the armature shaft to the main shaft, on which the chuck with the drill is mounted. The planetary gearbox contains a system of gears, satellites and carriers. The number of speed control steps depends on the number of satellites.
The force limiting mechanism is designed to optimize the load on the screw during tightening. When the screw is fully tightened, the resistance to rotation of the drill increases and the mechanism stops its movement. In total, the mechanism can have up to 16 positions of force adjustment.
How to determine the method of fastening on a screwdriver
The method of fastening is easy to recognize if you carefully examine the parts. The cartridge of the Morse cone variety has the following inscription: 1-6 B10. This means that in the chuck, it is permissible to fix nozzles with a shank diameter of 1-6 mm, and B10 is an indicator of the size of the Morse taper.
The cartridge, fixed using a threaded fastener, is marked:
- Metric thread (domestic products). 1.0-11 М12х1.25
- Inch thread (foreign production). 2-13 mm ½-20 UNF
How to use a screwdriver battery
Before starting work, make sure that the battery of your screwdriver is fully charged. Insert it into the charger and pay attention to the indicator. A green light indicates that the battery is charged. The red indicator light indicates that it needs to be charged.
In order to increase the operating time of the screwdriver, it is enough to have a second battery. After the first is discharged and you replace it with the second, insert the first into the charger. After the battery is charged, do not keep it in the charger. This shortens the overall battery life. Also, the temperature of the room in which the screwdriver is operating is too hot or too cold has a detrimental effect on the battery life. One battery lasts five hours.
Chuck Removal: Makita Electric Screwdriver
Typically, Makita brand power tools are equipped with a threaded fastener with an auxiliary fixation by means of a left-hand thread screw.
- Unscrew the fixing screw (clockwise).
- Activate stopper button spindle.
- Wrap the body with a dense cloth and squeeze in a vice.
- Clamp the hexagon in the cams.
- Striking with a hammer on the free plane of the key, the chuck is scrolled and then removed from the shaft.
Electric screwdriver maintenance
When working with an electric screwdriver, use only the attachments included in the kit.
Using an electric screwdriver requires proper maintenance. First of all, it cannot be used to drill holes for a long time. To do this, you need to use a drill. The use of an electric screwdriver as a drill is allowed only in a short-term mode.
When tightening the screws, use only the attachments supplied with this machine. Damaged attachments (drills) must not be installed. All rotating elements, as well as the inside of the chuck, must be lubricated periodically.
The charging of the batteries should be monitored in a timely manner. To eliminate the “memory effect” of the battery, it is recommended to completely discharge it before recharging it. Store the device only in a dry place. During prolonged operation, the possibility of engine overheating should be monitored. Periodically, the device should be turned off until it cools completely.
When working with an electric screwdriver, keep the following tools in stock:
- screwdriver;
- pliers;
- brush;
- brush;
- vice;
- calipers.
an electric screwdriver has a fairly simple design. Anyone can use it. But in order to correctly solve the question of how to use an electric screwdriver, certain rules should be followed.
The operation of the electric screwdriver in the tightening mode
Before starting work, it is necessary to select the desired nozzle (drill) according to the size of the screw head and the shape of the slots (straight or cross). The nozzle is installed in the center between the set cams and is fixed in the chuck by rotating the sleeve clockwise by hand. If a key type chuck is installed, the key is inserted into the socket on the chuck and turned clockwise until the attachment is secured.
How To Remove The Chuck From A Makita Cordless Drill
The tip of the nozzle is placed in the slot of the screw, the start button is pressed.
Before starting the device, check that the direction of rotation is correctly set. it must correspond to the tightening of the screw.
By increasing the pressure of the finger on the trigger, the optimum spinning speed is achieved. When the screw is fully screwed in, the force limiting mechanism is triggered and the drill stops. The finger is removed from the button. The screw tightening process is complete. The screw is unscrewed in the same way, but with the direction lever in the opposite position. The optimal value of the torque (power) when screwing the screw into hard and durable materials is established by rotating the torque regulator ring, on which graduations are applied corresponding to different powers.