How to charge a screwdriver without a charger

How to charge a screwdriver battery

Recently, screwdrivers have become indispensable devices for quickly repairing removable structures, screwing in, unscrewing screws, working with a drill, grinding with a carpenter’s attachment and other small repair activities.

Why the battery of the device quickly runs out?

Since the screwdriver is not a stationary device and needs to be moved from place to place, it cannot be connected to the mains at the time of operation and is charged mainly after use. In fact, it turns out that after each long-term use, the question arises: how to charge the screwdriver’s battery so that it does not fail in a matter of months, but lasts for many years. Correct fulfillment of the requirements for the duration of the charging-discharging cycles of the battery plays a paramount role in this.

Hydride batteries

Hydride batteries have little or no environmental impact, but have less ability to remain charged when idle. Their energy consumption can be significantly reduced in as little as 30 days.

In view of such technical characteristics, the masters advise to always put the device on charge before use, and if you are going to leave for work and take the device with you, then do not forget to take the charger. Metal hydride batteries won’t last long without a charger. Not only will you not be able to do the intended work, but you also run the risk of making it completely unusable.

How to properly charge the battery of a screwdriver

Proper charging differs from device to device and depends on specific factors:

• residual amount of energy (for some models it is recommended to wait until full discharge or, conversely, not to bring it to the limit);
• the chemical composition of the battery, that is, the characteristics of certain metals included in it (metal ions are extremely sensitive to the effects of heat, and prolonged, uncontrolled effects of energy can adversely affect the properties of conductors / semiconductors, which will lead to a rapid failure of the battery);
• charger type (impulse / conventional).

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Features of recharging the screwdriver under various environmental conditions

Despite the fact that each device has its own accompanying documentation and operating rules, they all have some general patterns of battery use:

Nickel batteries

Nickel batteries with an admixture of cadmium (Ni Cd). excellently hold a charge, work for a long time, provided that consumers do not begin to uncontrollably charge the device at the slightest decrease in the energy level. The capacity of the battery will drop and the unit will run for less time if charged frequently. It is better to wait until the battery is completely discharged and only then connect the charger.

The role of the individual characteristics of metals in the composition of the battery

The chemical composition of the battery is almost its main characteristic, which determines the type of charging. Basically, it depends on the metal used how to properly carry out the charge-discharge cycle so that the screwdriver will serve you faithfully for many years. Based on the properties of the ions of the substance used in the battery, several types of batteries are distinguished.

Two-transistor circuit

Another simple device can be performed on the available elements. This circuit works on two transistors KT829 and KT361.

The magnitude of the charge current is controlled by the KT361 transistor to the collector, to which the LED is connected. This transistor also controls the state of the KT829 composite element. As soon as the battery capacity begins to increase, the charge current decreases and the LED, accordingly, smoothly goes out. Resistance R1 sets the maximum current.

The moment the battery is fully charged is determined by the required voltage on it. The required value is set with a variable resistor of 10 kOhm. To check it, you need to put a voltmeter on the battery connection terminals without connecting it itself. Any rectifier unit designed for a current of at least one ampere is used as a constant voltage source.

Types of batteries used

Nickel-cadmium batteries do not have problems when charging at high speed. Such batteries have a high load capacity, a low price and can easily tolerate work at sub-zero temperatures. The disadvantages include: memory effect, toxicity, high self-discharge rate. Therefore, before charging this type of battery, it must be completely discharged. The battery has a high self-discharge rate and discharges quickly even when not in use. Currently, they are practically not produced due to their toxicity. Of all types, they have the smallest capacity.

Nickel metal hydride is superior to NiCd in all respects. They have less self-discharge, less pronounced memory effect. With the same dimensions, they have a large capacity. They contain no toxic material, cadmium. In the price category, this type occupies an average position, therefore, it is the most common type of capacitive elements in a screwdriver.

Lithium-ion is characterized by high capacity and low self-discharge. These batteries do not tolerate overheating and deep discharge. In the first case, they are capable of exploding, and in the second, they will no longer be able to restore their capacity. They are also capable of working at subzero temperatures and have no memory effect. The use of a charger with a microcontroller made it possible to protect the battery from overcharging, thereby making this type the most attractive for use. For the price, they are more expensive than the first two types.

In addition, the main characteristic of rechargeable batteries is their capacity. The higher this indicator, the longer the screwdriver works. The unit of measure for capacity is milliamperes per hour (mAh). The design of the battery consists in connecting the batteries in series and placing them in a common housing. For Li-Ion, the voltage on one cell is 3.3 volts, for NiCd and NiMH. 1.2 volts.

Charging the screwdriver without charger

It is not difficult to restore a battery without the help of a charger, but many do not know how. You can charge the screwdriver battery without a charger using any constant voltage power supply. Its value should be equal to or slightly greater than the voltage value of the battery being charged. For example, for a 12V battery, you can take a rectifier to charge a car. Using terminal clamps and wires, connect them, observing the polarity, to each other for thirty minutes, while controlling the temperature of the battery.

And you can also refine the power supply with high voltage using a simple integrated stabilizer. The LM317 microcircuit allows you to control the input signal up to 40 volts. You will need two stabilizers: one turns on according to the voltage stabilization circuit, and the second. current. Such a scheme can also be used when reworking a charger that does not have nodes for monitoring the charging process.

The scheme works quite simply. During operation, a voltage drop is formed across the resistor R1, it is enough for the LED to light up. As the charge progresses, the current in the circuit drops. After a while, the voltage on the stabilizer will be low and the LED will turn off. Resistor Rx sets the highest current. Its power is chosen at least 0.25 watts. With this scheme, the battery will not be able to overheat, since the device automatically turns off when the battery is fully charged.

You can often find harmful advice that you can charge the battery using a diode bridge and a 100 W incandescent lamp. It is absolutely impossible to do this, because there is no galvanic isolation and, in addition to fatal electric shock, there is a high probability of battery explosion.

Recently, screwdrivers have become indispensable devices for quickly repairing removable structures, screwing in, unscrewing screws, working with a drill, grinding with a carpenter’s attachment and other small repair activities.

Influence of different types of chargers on charging time

For screwdrivers, 2 main types of charging have been developed:

When using a pulse charger, the screwdriver regains its energy capacity within an hour, and there is no need to keep the device connected longer. If you have a conventional charger, then approximately you will need from 3 to 7 hours for the entire recharging process.

Many people ask themselves: which one is better? The answer depends on the model of the screwdriver. Impulse chargers are designed for professional tools and devices with high power. In addition, it does not hurt to look at the instructions to check the compatibility of your electrical network with the rated power of the screwdriver. If the mains voltage is higher than required, do not forget to purchase an adapter or small caliber transformer to compensate for the discrepancy. Otherwise, the device may burn out, a short circuit will occur, and if there is an internal fuse, it will simply not charge.

If you still have doubts about how to charge the screwdriver battery in the correct way, it would be best to look for information on the manufacturer’s website, where you can always find all the necessary information, including technical specifications, operating instructions and tips for troubleshooting.

Before charging the screwdriver battery without a charger, you will need to study the instructions. Homemade charger is made taking into account the type of battery.

Main classification

Experts distinguish the following categories of a screwdriver:

• domestic;
• semi-professional;
• professional.

Since the battery is designed for a specific job and load, each type of tool requires a suitable charger. The operating time of the tool depends on the power of the battery. Experts distinguish the following types of batteries:

Charging A Drill Battery Without An “Official” Charger

Table of characteristics of batteries for a screwdriver.

• Li-Ion;
• Ni-Cd;
• Ni-MH.

Type 2 battery, unlike the others, is compact and has a higher energy capacity. If used correctly, the tool can be charged more than 1000 times. It is necessary to charge the screwdriver battery subject to the following rules:

• Full battery charge. Otherwise, the capacity of the energy carrier and the duration of the tool operation will decrease.
• Nickel Cadmium Battery Toxicity (Do not drop).
• The nickel-metal hydride battery is developed using a new technology and is environmentally friendly for humans. It can be charged frequently. If the tool is not in use, then the battery is stored in a charged state. When the screwdriver is at rest for a long time, the battery is completely discharged.
• The lithium-ion device has no memory effect. The battery has a high power consumption. Due to exposure to the negative effects of low temperatures, the lithium-ion battery is not used in winter.

The role of the individual characteristics of metals in the composition of the battery

The chemical composition of the battery is almost its main characteristic, which determines the type of charging. Basically, it depends on the metal used how to properly carry out the charge-discharge cycle so that the screwdriver will serve you faithfully for many years. Based on the properties of the ions of the substance used in the battery, several types of batteries are distinguished.

Step-by-step instruction

To charge the battery for a screwdriver with your own hands, you will need the following materials and tools:

Explanation of the indicators of the charger.

• charging glass;
• damaged battery;
• 2 wires 15 cm long;
• soldering iron;
• screwdriver;
• drill;
• knife;
• thermal gun.

Using a soldering iron, the terminals of the damaged battery are soldered. Markers on the lid of the device make notes where the minus and plus were. If necessary, the prepared holes are adjusted to the required dimensions. To do this, use a blade.

The next step is to run the wire through the holes. The cable is soldered to the glass taking into account the polarity. To prevent the connector from falling apart, cardboard is inserted into the battery. The bottom cover is attached to the charging glass. The resulting structure is inserted into the adapter, and then into the battery.

Determining the right tool

Screwdrivers are household or amateur, professional and semi-professional. Professional ones are not cheap, reliable, and have a long service life. A household screwdriver looks almost the same as a professional model. In the middle price range, there are semi-professional devices, they have a capacious battery, powerful and durable.

If the screwdriver is operating at minimum power, then it’s time to charge the battery using a special charger.

One or two battery cells are supplied with this tool. The dual kit will ensure trouble-free operation, but add to the hassle of the owner as it will require periodic recharging for long life. Exceptionally occasional use of the screwdriver is the reason for choosing a set with one battery.

Your needs will help you figure out whether you need additional capabilities of the tool, you just have to clearly define for what needs the tool will be needed, because if you already have, for example, a drill or a hammer drill, rare or frequent use will allow you to select the necessary functions and filter out unnecessary ones.

Interskol screwdriver charger

The power section of the screwdriver charger is a power transformer type GS-1415 designed for a power of 25 watts.

A reduced alternating voltage of 18V is removed from the secondary winding of the transformer, it follows on diode bridge of 4 diodes VD1-VD4 type 1N5408, through a fuse. Diode bridge. Each 1N5408 semiconductor element is rated for forward currents up to three amperes. The electrolytic capacitance C1 smooths out the ripple appearing in the circuit after the diode bridge.

Management is implemented on a microassembly HCF4060BE. which combines a 14-bit counter with oscillator components. It drives a bipolar transistor type S9012. It is loaded on a relay type S3-12A. Thus, a timer is schematically implemented, which turns on the relay for a time of charging the battery for about an hour. When the charger is turned on and the battery is connected, the relay contacts are in the normally open position. HCF4060BE receives power through a 12 volt zener diode 1N4742A, because about 24 volts goes from the rectifier output.

When the Start button is closed, the voltage from the rectifier begins to follow to the zener diode through the resistance R6, then the stabilized voltage goes to pin 16 of U1. The S9012 transistor, which is controlled by the HCF4060BE, turns on. The voltage across the open junctions of the S9012 transistor follows the relay coil. The contacts of the latter are closed, and the battery begins to charge. The protective diode VD8 (1N4007) bypasses the relay and protects VT from a reverse voltage surge that occurs when the relay winding is de-energized. VD5 prevents the battery from discharging when the mains voltage is disconnected. With the opening of the contacts of the Start button, nothing will happen, because the power goes through the VD7 diode (1N4007), the VD6 zener diode and the quenching resistor R6. Therefore, the microcircuit will receive power even after the button is released.

Replaceable typical battery from the power tool is assembled from separate series-connected nickel-cadmium Ni-Cd batteries, each 1.2 volts, so there are 12 of them. The total voltage of such a battery will be about 14.4 volts. In addition, a temperature sensor has been added to the battery pack. SA1 it is glued to one of the Ni-Cd batteries and adheres tightly to it. One of the terminals of the thermostat is connected to the minus of the storage battery. The second pin is connected to a separate, third connector.

When the Start button is pressed, the relay closes its contacts and the battery charging process begins. The red LED lights up. An hour later, the relay with its contacts breaks the battery charge circuit of the screwdriver. The green LED lights up and the red one goes out.

A thermal contact monitors the battery temperature and breaks the charging circuit if the temperature is above 45. If this happens before the timer circuit works, this indicates the presence of a memory effect.

How to charge a screwdriver without a charger

How to properly charge the battery of a screwdriver?

• Determining the right tool
• About the features of the correct charging of batteries
• A little about the types of batteries
• Attention. charger
• If the battery does not charge

Perhaps the most popular power tool among others screwdriver. Its functions are not limited to screwing and unscrewing self-tapping screws, with its help it is easy to drill holes.

The cordless screwdriver is very convenient for carrying out absolutely any work, as it allows you to move calmly without limiting cords.

Networked tools are not mobile, and it is not possible to use them if the room does not have an outlet. Cordless screwdrivers allow free movement and do not have a cord interfering with operation. Questions may arise here: which device to choose and how to properly charge the screwdriver battery?

Attention for charger

The pulse charger charges the screwdriver battery in just one hour.

It is impossible to charge a screwdriver battery without a charger, which can be standard or impulse. The first is capable of charging the battery for 3-6 hours, it is mainly used for household screwdrivers. But it is more expedient to charge a professional tool with an impulse device. Its increased performance will allow you to charge the battery in just an hour.

The light indication of the charger helps to control how the process itself is carried out and at what stage it is. The charging speed also depends on the type of battery. So, the nickel-cadmium cell is charged for about 7 hours. When the battery is fully charged, be sure to remove it from the device and store it separately, without inserting it into a screwdriver.

A little about the types of batteries

Please read the supplied instructions before purchasing a new battery. These devices differ in their capacity and quality, according to the class of the tool, its purpose and loads.

Screwdrivers use different types of batteries. The main ones are as follows:

Nickel-cadmium batteries can be charged over 1000 times, and they also have a large capacity in a small size.

• nickel-cadmium
• nickel metal hydride
• lithium ion.

The first are the most common, they are large in capacity and small in size. Batteries are effectively charged more than a thousand times, taking into account their design features, operating mode and correct charging. The specificity of these batteries is the presence of a memory effect, because the battery will have to be charged without waiting for it to be completely discharged, otherwise the battery capacity will gradually decrease.

Nickel-metal hydride batteries are safe in disposal, less manifestation of the memory effect, but are imperfect due to the high self-discharge current. Such batteries are stored only charged, in the event of a break in operation for more than a month, they must be fully recharged.

Lithium-ion devices are more powerful. They do not have such a disadvantage as the memory effect, which requires periodic discharges, quickly charges and has a high capacity. However, a screwdriver with this type of battery is undesirable to use in the cold.

If the battery does not charge

This can happen for several reasons. A worn out battery or a malfunctioning charger may be to blame. Quite often, the contact between the terminals on the battery and the charging device itself is broken, since they can unbend over time. In this case, bend the terminals by disassembling the charger.

If you charge the screwdriver’s battery in a timely and correct manner, the tool will last much longer.

In addition, the contacts of the battery and charger can oxidize and become dirty over long periods of use. These changes can interfere with normal charging. To avoid such problems, periodically gently clean the battery contacts and devices.

Incorrect use of batteries leads to a decrease in their capacity, and their performance deteriorates. The situation can be corrected by overclocking such batteries, when the battery pack is disassembled and the faulty elements in it are determined, and then they need to be charged. But how to charge the screwdriver battery in this case? It is recommended to first charge the batteries with more current than provided, and then charge them with less current. And if the electrolyte in the battery has not evaporated yet, then such a method may bring it back to life.

Correct charging of the accumulator battery of any tool is the key to its long-term operation and high-quality service.

About the features of the correct charging of batteries

How to charge it for a long and quality service? A full battery is required before first use. The capacity of new batteries is small and needs to be fully charged, so if a nickel-cadmium battery is used in the screwdriver, three times charging is recommended to increase capacity. The minimum power indicates the need for mandatory charging.

The temperature from 10 ° to 40 ° is of no small importance. During charging, the batteries can become hot, which is undesirable, otherwise overheating will negatively affect the quality of the battery, requiring cooling. It is undesirable to leave the devices themselves in the charger after charging. If not used for a long time, the battery is charged once a month.

Remember that only with proper use and maintenance will the life of the screwdriver be extended. When working with the tool, do not completely discharge it while waiting for the engine to stop. Decreased device performance will prompt you to recharge the instrument battery.

External sources of electricity

The option described above also belongs to the category of external devices for charging the battery. Alternatively, you can connect the instrument to a different power source, such as an old battery, to act as a power bank. The main thing is that it is working and has identical parameters. But here remarkable knowledge of electrical engineering is required: it is necessary to create a chain with the help of crocodile adapters. You will need a 10 amp fuse, and you will also need to use oversized wiring.

Tip: if you need a power tool to work for a long time, it is better to select a model among professional options. Their batteries are much more powerful than household models.

Nuances of charging various types of batteries

Most of the features that need to be taken into account are described in the first section. Here. about how long the power tool should be kept on charge.

Universal charger

An option that will fit almost any battery. Usually this is a model with crocodile clips. Often the user has the ability to set the required values. The method will not harm the battery, since the charging process will proceed in the same way as with the complete charger.

How To Charge Cordless Drill Battery Without Charger

How to properly charge a screwdriver battery: 3 best ways to charge

This article explains how best to handle the cordless screwdriver in terms of charging and storage. The manual also tells you how you can recharge your power tool without the supplied charger.

Checking the battery status with a multimeter

A device like STHT0-77364 can help you troubleshoot various electrical components, including screwdriver batteries. It is best paired with other testers to achieve validity. This allows you to check the indicators and calculate the error.

Note: Before you start measuring, you need to make sure that the multimeter itself is working. To do this, you just need to connect it to an outlet along with another similar device and check the readings.

Battery Storage Tips

In order for the battery to serve for a long time, it is necessary to store it correctly:

• Do not leave the battery in the instrument.
• The place must be dry. Dampness negatively affects battery components.
• Avoid sudden changes in temperature.

These were general requirements, details are in the table.

Car charger

It is not necessary to use this method all the time due to the mismatch of the parameters. A car charger is suitable if it is equipped with voltage and voltage regulation elements. You just need to set the indicators correctly: the current is set as 0.5-0.1 of the total capacity of the battery.

General rules for charging the battery

If you do everything right, the battery will last a long time. Here are the basic principles for properly charging a screwdriver:

If the battery is being charged for the first time, it must be fully discharged and then fully charged before use.

The temperature in the room should be between 10 and 40 °.

To prevent the unit from overheating, it is necessary to disconnect the storage battery (accumulator) from the charger as soon as it is charged.

If the screwdriver is not used for a long time, it is necessary to recharge it once a month for preventive purposes.

Via USB

Some types of screwdrivers are initially equipped with a USB input for recharging

If you urgently need to replenish the battery capacity, you can use an external charger that is connected via a USB port. It is necessary to use devices that are designed for a current of 5-7 A. However, before doing this, you must yourself equip the screwdriver with a USB connector. This is done as follows:

• Remove the battery and separate the body sections.
• Cut a special hole in the case for installing the USB port.
• Insert a 10 A fuse into the circuit that connects the USB connector and the standard charging controller. It is attached with hot glue.
• Carry out a test charge.

To get a full charge from the installed USB port, you will need to wait at least 12 hours.

Important! You only need to install USB into a screwdriver yourself if you have good knowledge in the field of electronics.

Using an external power source

Fuses. elements that are installed in each charger

Using this method assumes that the instrument will be connected to a charger or machine battery using cables. In this case, the connected power source must fully comply with the optimal characteristics of the screwdriver motor. This will prevent your blog from overheating while recharging.

There must be a fuse in the supply circuit, the rating of which depends on the operating voltage. For example, if the power is about two hundred watts, an 11 A fuse is installed in a circuit with a voltage of 18 V.

Methods for charging a screwdriver battery without chargers

The screwdriver is an indispensable tool that is often used in the household. It’s no secret that most of these devices operate on a battery that has to be recharged periodically. There are situations when the charger fails and because of this it is not possible to use the tool. However, if you know how to charge a screwdriver without a charger, even a broken charger will not interfere with the planned work.

A screwdriver is a tool that is often used during repair or construction work

How long does it take to charge the battery of the screwdriver

Many are interested in how long it will take to recharge the screwdriver. The duration of this procedure largely depends on the type of charging used. For example, if the instrument is connected to an impulse device, the process takes only an hour. During this time, the screwdriver will be able to fully charge.

Some people use conventional, non-pulse chargers. In such cases, the tool will take several times longer to charge. Recharging will end in 5-8 hours.

Additional Information! The duration of a full charge depends on the model of the screwdriver used.

Each such tool is sold with an instruction manual. Before you charge the screwdriver’s battery, you need to familiarize yourself with it. In the instructions, you can find out more accurate information about how long charging should take.

How to charge a screwdriver battery without a charger

It often happens that the native charger breaks down and they fail to recharge the screwdriver. In such situations, you have to use other methods of recharging the battery at home.

Universal chargers

The universal charger is ideal for recharging screwdrivers and other frequently used tools

The most common way to quickly recharge a screwdriver is to use a universal charger. Such devices are equipped with special step regulators, with which you can adjust the current and voltage at the output.

Also, many such memory devices are equipped with indicators to monitor the process. With their help, it is possible to understand how much the battery has managed to charge.

Additional Information! If the used model of the universal charger provides for the possibility of changing the type of battery, you must select the appropriate type. This will significantly speed up the process of recharging a shrunken screwdriver.

Safety and Precautions

Before charging anything, you need to familiarize yourself with the safety precautions. This will help prevent possible problems that may arise while recharging the instrument’s battery.

It is necessary to adhere to the following recommendations:

• The process must be constantly monitored. As soon as the battery charging is over, the procedure must be completely stopped. This is because lithium components can boil as a result of overfilling. Their temperature readings increase sharply, which can lead to an explosion.
• Make sure that all network elements are correctly connected. Pay particular attention to the polarity used and the specifications of the battery.
• If the characteristics of the modules differ from each other, the battery cannot be charged for too long.

Additional Information! The charging time depends largely on the type of battery. On average, the procedure takes about 3-4 hours. However, some batteries can only be charged after 7 hours.