How to connect a trailer to a trailer

Appointment

In terms of its functions and capabilities, the tiller occupies an intermediate position between a motor cultivator and a mini tractor. Unlike the first, the tiller is a universal machine and operates due to the tractive effort created by the engine on the drive wheels, while the cultivator. it is a highly specialized device designed mainly for cultivation only. those. loosening the surface layer of the soil without turning it over.

The main difference between the tiller and the tractor is the presence of only one axis and the absence of a seat for the operator, who, when working, holds the tiller by the handles and walks behind him. It should be borne in mind that by equipping the tiller with a trailer, you can operate it sitting on a special seat. In addition, there are models of super-heavy tillers equipped with a third wheel and a seat, which, in essence, are a hybrid of a tiller and a mini tractor.

Tiller attachments

Plows of all kinds are designed for plowing with a turnover of both cultivated and virgin soils.

Tiller mounted cutters are used to loosen the ground without turning over. Depending on the rotation speed and the diameter of the cutters, deep (replacing plowing) or shallow loosening can be carried out.

Hillers, in accordance with their name, are intended for hilling beds. They can be simple or disk.

The potato planter, which is a container on wheels, is equipped with a furrow cutter and a hiller. The first cuts a furrow, potatoes fall into it from the container with a predetermined step, the hiller covers it with earth.

The seeder works on a similar principle, but instead of potatoes, seeds of various crops are sown in the furrows. garlic, onions, tomatoes, carrots and more. The design of seeders depends on the type of seeds and the method of planting them.

the tiller can be used as a driving device not only for tillage machines. A variety of tiller attachments are available, allowing you to do a variety of other jobs.

The tiller driven shredder is very convenient for composting or disposing of any garden waste. branches of trees, shrubs, hard stems of grass, etc.

Tiller trailers. very useful devices that can replace much more expensive vehicles. With their help, cargoes weighing from 300 to 1000 kg are transported. Of course, for the transport of 1 ton, the capacity of the tiller must be appropriate. Trailer bodies are usually tipper or tipper bodies. Trailers are equipped with a seat for the operator and in some cases a brake system and lights.

You can make a seating position at the tiller without a trailer; for this, a seat with two wheels is attached to the tiller.

With the help of a special blade-blade, you can remove debris or snow.

The brush also helps to keep the area clean by removing small debris or loose snow. Tiller snow blowers are also sold for clearing snow.

Mowers. rotary and segmental. are used for mowing grass when making hay. The opinion of tiller users is unanimous. the rotary scythe surpasses the segmental scythe in almost all respects, which satisfactorily copes only with evenly standing sparse grass and grain crops.

A hay turner can be used with the mowers, which is used for high-quality drying of the grass.

There are other tiller-powered devices as well. Water pumps, lumber machines, trenchers, power generators, drills and more.

tillery

In a large farm, for each type of work, its own equipment is used, which specializes in performing certain operations. For private traders or small farms, this approach is too wasteful. They need one versatile and inexpensive machine. handyman. Tillery meets these requirements. tiller. it is a versatile mobile power tool for agricultural and other work. Its distinctive features include a gasoline or diesel engine, the presence of only one wheel axle (there is a tiller with an additional wheel), which sets the tiller in motion, and a large number of interchangeable attachments that make it possible to perform a wide variety of work.

Classification

Perhaps it makes sense to highlight another class of super-heavy tillers, where you can include cars with a capacity of over 10 hp, equipped with a seat and a third wheel. As a tiller CROSSER CR-M12E with a capacity of 12 hp.

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Tillers can be classified by engine type. gasoline or diesel. Their difference is due to the known differences between gasoline and diesel engines. The latter is more economical in terms of fuel consumption, produces more torque with the same power, is more durable and reliable. In turn, the gasoline engine is lighter, produces less noise, and contains much less soot in the exhaust.

Tillers are sometimes subdivided into amateur and professional. The former include light vehicles with a capacity of 5.5-7 hp. with a gasoline engine. Professional models are heavy tillers equipped mainly with diesel engines.

Operational and technical characteristics of tillers

Engine. Tillers are equipped with gasoline and diesel engines. They can be two-stroke (on older models) or four-stroke. Power varies between 5-12 hp. Cooling of engines is mainly air, only in super-heavy tillers liquid (water) is used. Starting is done with a manual starter or an electric starter (for heavy models). In the latter cases, the tillers are equipped with a battery.

Transmission. Reducers are very diverse: gear, chain and belt drives are used. The reducer can be collapsible or non-collapsible (maintenance-free). In case of failure of a maintenance-free gearbox, it is better to replace the tiller with a new gearbox. This is due to the fact that tillers with non-separable gearboxes have simplified non-cased engines, the planned resource of which does not exceed the planned resource of the gearbox.

The number of speeds can be from 1 forward and 1 back to 6 forward and 2 back. Most models are equipped with a disc (dry or oil) friction clutch. Sometimes a belt drive with a tension roller is used as a clutch.

For maneuvering and turning, the tillers are equipped with a mechanism that disables one of the wheels or a differential that allows the wheels to rotate at different speeds.

To drive the working bodies (active milling cutter, for example) and trailed mechanisms, tillers have one or two power take-off shafts, which can be dependent (start to rotate when the clutch is engaged) and independent (receive rotation directly from the engine).

On many models, the wheel spacing can be adjusted to alter the track width. To increase the adhesion of the wheels to the ground, the mass of the tiller can be increased by installing a special ballast on the wheels. Often manufacturers equip tillers with an additional pair of metal wheels with grousers installed to increase traction.

Control. the tiller is controlled by two handles that can be adjusted in height and angle of rotation in the horizontal plane. The most modern and ergonomic models have an anti-vibration system that reduces the level of vibration transmitted to the handles. The operation of the engine, the clutch and the gearbox (gear shifting) is controlled using the controls located on the handles or in their area.

The weight. The weight of tillers varies widely. from 50 to 200 kg and more.

Below are the technical characteristics of light, heavy and super heavy tillers: Salute 5L 6.5 (Russia), Kipor KDT 910E (China) and Crosser CR-M12E (England).

Characteristics Salute 5L 6.5 Kipor KDT 910E Crosser CR-M12E
Engine Petrol Diesel Diesel
Power, hp. 6.5 8.6 12
Start Recoil starter Electric starter Electric starter
Engine cooling Air Air Water
Number of speeds 2/1 6/2 6/2
Processing width, cm up to 80 26-64-86 80
Depth of processing, cm 25 15-33 33
Weight, kg 70 122 300

Tiller selection

The main selection criterion is the power of the tiller. If it is purchased mainly for cultivating land, the selection should be based on the area of ​​the cultivated area and the quality of the soil on it. You can often find such a ratio between the area of ​​the site and the power of the tiller for its processing.

The size of the processed area, weave Tiller power, hp.
up to 15 3.5
up to 60 4.0
up to 100 (1 ha) 5.0
up to 200 (2 ha) 6.0
up to 500 (5 ha) 9.0

However, this data can be considered outdated. Buy a tiller (not a motor-cultivator!) With a capacity of less than 5-6 hp. impractical. And it is impossible, because they are simply not on sale. And even if a tiller with a power of 4 hp is encountered, for example, this power will clearly not be enough to work the soil with the required quality.

The most common are light tillers with a capacity of 6-6.5 hp. and weighing 60-80 kg. Such a tiller is suitable if the size of the plot does not exceed 1-2 hectares, and the land on it is light enough, loosened by previous treatments. In heavy loamy soils, the 6 hp tiller. at a plowing depth of 25-30 cm, the plow will not pull. We’ll have to reduce the plowing depth. If shallow plowing does not suit the owner of the site, he will have no choice but to choose a 7-8 hp tiller. and weighing more than 100 kg.

The next criterion when choosing should be the name of the manufacturer. Reliable equipment is produced by European firms. German, Italian, English. Less reliable but cheaper. domestic and Chinese. But there is a compromise option. on the Russian model, for example, an engine of a Japanese company is installed.

When buying, it is necessary to take into account the availability of service centers. To avoid problems with the repair and purchase of spare parts, preference should be given to those companies that have a developed service network in Russia.

When choosing a specific model, you need to pay attention to its functionality. the presence of a power take-off shaft or shafts, the number of gears, the presence of a differential, etc. If the equipment is supposed to be often used when transporting goods over relatively long distances, you need to give preference to multi-speed models, which can reach speeds of over 30 km / h on a flat road.

When choosing a tiller, you need to see what equipment is included in the basic package and which can be purchased for an additional fee.

Fuel consumption is not that significant. It is approximately the same for all manufacturers, and if it does differ, then this difference is not so big that it is worth paying attention to.

What is forbidden to do on the motor unit

In order not to receive a fine when driving a tiller, it is recommended not to appear at all on the common carriageway (i.e., on marked asphalt or concrete roads) and near them. It is prohibited to stay on the engine block on the carriageway. This is the main thing to remember by the owner.

connect, trailer

  • drive drunk, even if driving on the side of the road;
  • keep the license (if any) and the vehicle registration passport away from the place of work;
  • drive through the territory of the enterprise without a special pass with a permission to move;
  • drive onto roads of unclear purpose (concrete slabs without markings, which may turn out to be in public use);
  • create situations that are dangerous for a pedestrian;
  • park the tiller next to cars or put it on the side of the road;
  • drive the tiller so that part of the equipment will “drive” onto the road.

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While some would argue that block driving penalties can be avoided with a license, this should not be believed. Even the license will not cancel the fine for being on the road on a technical vehicle that is not intended for movement. What amounts will have to be paid for such a violation is not known in advance, but they will definitely be large.

Fines that a tiller driver can give

Despite the fact that the device is not a vehicle or a means of transportation, a fine can be imposed for driving it. But only the driver himself will be to blame. The penalty is easy to avoid, see the section below for how to do it.

Fines can be issued for the following offenses:

  • riding a homemade device;
  • driving without a license;
  • being on the carriageway in a vehicle without a permit;
  • for an obstacle to road traffic;
  • for driving while intoxicated.

The main penalty that unites all other points is the traffic obstruction penalty. In this case, the driver is accused as a pedestrian, because he cannot legally obtain the driver’s status: the vehicle does not belong to the category of a vehicle. And even drunkenness is transferred to the category of a violation of public order, and not a violation of traffic rules. But this does not remove the guilt from the person, and he, just like the drivers, can be brought to trial, seizure of a technical device.

Do not think that the fine for driving a tiller is small. It can be several thousand rubles, depending on the situation. Under aggravating circumstances. intoxication, causing harm to a pedestrian. you can fall under administrative or even criminal liability.

When rights are legally required

Some summer residents purchase equipment advertised as a tiller, and in the end they receive a mini-tractor. These are devices with a high fit, small size. They hardly differ externally from motor devices, but their motor is more powerful. Therefore, driving requires a license of a high category, registration with the economic department and a technical passport. Some owners do not even suspect that, using the so-called tiller, they actually drive mini-tractors and constantly break the law.

You can distinguish a mini-tractor from a tiller by engine power. For the first ones, it is about 16 kW. It is necessary that the power of the device is less, then the rights can not be obtained.

Traffic laws are constantly changing, so when buying new equipment it is better to contact your local agricultural office for up-to-date information.

When registering or handing over a passport, it will be indicated in the purchase and sale agreement whether the driver is obliged to obtain a license or not.

If it turns out that the rights are required, you should get either category “A” (for motorcycles), or “F” if the equipment is considered a large agricultural.

You don’t need a license for a tiller. But at the same time, you can not go on it on the road, you are only allowed to move along the side of the road. To avoid problems, it is better to move the equipment with a trailer. You should also be careful about too powerful tillers. If they have a modified motor, you cannot leave the device without registration, you need to get the license. And when buying a mini-tractor, the first thing you need to do is contact the appropriate department for the rights of the corresponding category. Remember that negligence in relation to the law can lead to financial losses, administrative liability and the seizure of equipment.

Definition of the term

Motorized cultivators or tillers are devices that resemble a smaller prototype of a tractor. They first appeared in the 20th century. in Switzerland, and reached the USSR in the 80s. Since then and until 2020, they are used in agricultural activities:

  • for sowing;
  • for loosening the soil;
  • for other work related to plant cultivation (collection of cereals, etc.).

This technique can only cover a small area of ​​the ground, since it drives slowly and also does not have large attachments. It is not designed to be driven on paved roads, so technically no license is required. the tiller is only agricultural machinery. But from a legal point of view, there are some nuances that can lead to fines from the traffic police when entering the road.

Documents that are required by the owners of equipment

As mentioned above, driving a tiller is allowed without a license, because it is not a vehicle. But in order to protect yourself, you can take a category “A” license. these are the documents required for driving motorcycles. They are designed for vehicles with a small engine volume, while small agricultural machinery has just a small power.

Another required document is a passport issued by the agricultural department. The registration process in it is much more complicated than in the traffic police.

Therefore, if you are not going to travel along public roads, you do not need to register semi-trailers and engine block.

Summer residents may not be afraid of fines for this, because they use the device exclusively for personal purposes. But business enterprises definitely need to get a passport for the device. This document may be required even when driving on the side of the road.

If the device belongs to an employee of the enterprise and he needs to get to the place of work on the device, then a pass from this enterprise is required; then it is considered that there is a right to ride. The pass makes it possible to drive on unloaded roads that are adjacent to the organization, while it is impossible to violate traffic rules and impede driving.

What can be done on the machine

Can any roads be used on the engine block? The owner of the device can drive on the side of the road without affecting the carriageway. In this case, its legal status will be equal to that of a pedestrian. But at the same time, you should still be wary of a fine if the driver is drunk. But it will be more difficult for a traffic police officer to fine a traffic police officer for a traffic violation, because the owner does not go to the roadway. On the paths, country paths, you can ride calmly. Is this driving on public roads? Not. Since there are no markings and signs on these country roads, they cannot give a fine.

To play it safe, it is better to take a driver’s license with you even when driving on the side of the road, and with it the registration passport of agricultural machinery. Statements like “I go and don’t touch” are not worth listening to: many times the traffic police checked agricultural workers.

The optimal and officially approved type of movement of engine blocks is with trailers. Then you can shift the responsibility for driving onto the driver of a car with a trailer or get behind the wheel yourself. In this case, you will need to drive on the road in accordance with all traffic rules for cars or trucks: with a license, license, license plates and headlights on.

Do i need a license to drive a trailer with a trailer in 2020?

Do you need tiller rights? This question is relevant for owners of agricultural machinery who need to move on highways. Although sometimes it is of interest to those farmers or summer residents who do not leave the agricultural land.

To answer the question whether you need the rights to a trailer with a trailer, you need to figure out what kind of equipment it is and under what articles the owner can be fined when driving a motor unit.

Legal status of engine blocks

You can be fined when driving a tiller. The owners are wondering why, if this is not a vehicle?

On the part of the traffic police and lawyers, the block (with or without a trailer) is agricultural machinery designed for tillage, and driving a trailer on public roads is prohibited.

In order to become a full-fledged participant in traffic and control it, when driving a tiller, there is not enough:

  • registration with the traffic police;
  • license plate;
  • headlights;
  • signal lights;
  • turn signal.

Even if you add these elements to the unit, it will not become a rideable vehicle. The creation of homemade vehicles on the territory of the Russian Federation is prohibited. And no one will give the tiller a license plate or register it with the traffic police. Therefore, the rights to the block are not required, but it is impossible for the owner to ride it in a stream of cars.

Assembling the frame

The reliability of the frame is predetermined by the durability and strength that the hitch will have. This should be taken into account when creating a project for a future hitch. Thus, the following materials can be used in the manufacture of the trailer frame:

  • Corner and rectangular pipe.
  • The front and rear cross members can be made from a corner of 25×25 mm.
  • For side members, a 60×30 mm pipe is an excellent choice.
  • To connect all the elements, it is necessary to make five additional cross-members, forming a lattice-frame.
  • Four vertical posts are attached to the longitudinal pipes of this lattice at the corners.

Making a one-piece trailer is pretty straightforward. Some homeowners decide to make more sophisticated devices. In such a situation, all subsequent actions depend on the choice of a specific type of trailer:

  • On a tipper hitch, the tailgate must be hinged.
  • If it is planned to manufacture a trailer with folding sides, then all three sides should have such a structure, except for the front.
  • The frames of the folding elements should be made separately from the general frame. For simple models, they can be its common elements.

DIY trailer and hitch for a tiller

The average weight of the cargo carried in the tiller trailer is about 0.5 tonnes. That is why the trailer to the tiller is very useful for any farmer who is engaged in agriculture.

The tiller trailer is also perfect for farmers looking to make their own work easier. This is possible thanks to the ability to work seated using a trailer. The result is an increase in the productivity of processing each area. Additional use of the trailer. secure attachment of attachments.

For many people, a trailer with a trailer is an inaccessible device, due to the rather high prices. That is why we will consider how to make this simple device on our own. The hand-made trailer for the tiller is characterized by high mobility and quality. exactly the qualities that every farmer values.

Frame sheathing

This is one of the simplest steps in creating a tow hitch. However, there are some nuances and they must be taken into account. To carry out work on the sheathing of the frame, it is worth choosing those materials that cannot increase the cost of the hitch:

  • Wood is the most readily available material, but not the most practical due to its low resistance to moisture. In order for the boards to serve as long as possible, it is imperative to process them with special compounds and constantly monitor the integrity of the coating.
  • Plastic. devoid of the main drawback of wood, but at the same time has a weak resistance to mechanical damage.
  • Metal sheets. must be pre-treated with anti-corrosion compounds and are the most durable, but also quite expensive material.

First you need to sheathe the bottom (floor) of the trailer, and then tackle its sides.

Other details

In addition to the main driver’s seat, a simple folding bench is installed, which is attached to the front side of the body and rests on the side ones. Some tiller trailers are additionally equipped with a spare wheel. It can be positioned on the side board or at the bottom of the trailer on the metal bottom using special fasteners.

Near the driver’s seat, for the convenience of storing small tools that may be needed on the road and during repairs, small homemade metal boxes or special bags are fixed.

Body shell skin

On the base (platform) of the trailer, vertical posts are installed, to which the sides are welded. It should be noted that the front and side boards are made non-removable, and the tailgate is fixed on hinges for further opening and closing in the event of the need to load various oversized cargo. The body elements are a frame structure, which is made up of metal corners. They are butt welded to each other, and the seams are cleaned.

Board assembly stages:

  • the frames of each side are prepared separately;
  • take a sheet of galvanized sheet and transfer the dimensions of the sides to it;
  • the side is cut to size.

A bottom made of 2 mm metal sheet is placed on the frame of the hitch and welded along the entire perimeter. The distance between the welding points is approximately 4-6 centimeters. The installation procedure begins with the front side, then the side ones, tightly tying them to the front. The tailgate is fixed in the hinges installed on the trailer frame.

Tiller to trailer connection

How to make a tow hitch for a tiller with your own hands