How to convert a Cascade single-axle tractor to 92 gasoline

Another way, by which you can switch the engine of “Agro” or “Cascade” motor-block to АI-92, is to re-adjust the initial ignition torque.

The process is as follows:

  • empty the fuel tank;
  • turn on the engine, giving the opportunity to use up the rest of gasoline in the carburetor;
  • Remove the tip of the spark plug;
  • unscrew the bolt ties that hold the fan guard;
  • take out the casing itself;
  • loosen flywheel coupling;
  • Remove the ratchet and associated nuts and bolts;
  • unscrew the center stud that holds the flywheel and pull it out of the housing;
  • determine where the factory setting mark for the ignition is localized;
  • take a screwdriver and slowly turn magneto fastener;
  • Carefully move the last 2 mm to the left (counterclockwise);
  • let’s start to assemble the engine block in the reverse order of disassembly.

During the assembly process, you need to take into account that:

  • a key was installed on the crankshaft;
  • flywheel nut tightening was tightened with a force of no more than 16 kg / s and the top was covered with a lock washer;
  • a new A17B type spark plug was installed instead of the old one.

after that the engine can safely run on fuel of АI-92 brand.

How to properly dilute fuel for a power tiller

The main difference between the two-stroke motor block is that it has no separate lubrication system. For this reason oil is mixed with gasoline. Such oil-and-gasoline mixture during operation of the device forms a special mist, and it, in turn, treats all parts of the motoblock in its path.

Chainsaw oil. how to prepare a fuel mixture. What oil to use for chain lubrication The correct ratio

Types of possible grease for motor blocks

Oil is no less important than gasoline. The stable operation of all machine components depends on its quality. The main task of the lubricant is to eliminate unnecessary friction. A good product must meet several requirements:

  • must produce a minimum of ash when burned;
  • rapidly decomposes on contact
  • dissolves quickly in petrol
  • good fluidity (relevant to engines with separate oil and gasoline supply);
  • anticorrosive, temperature, antiwear properties.

The oil selection is also based on seasonality. The lubricant is:

  • Summer. Has a high viscosity, ensures good operation of the cultivator in hot weather.
  • Winter product. Products for winter are marked with the letter “W” by the manufacturer. The viscosity of the product is lower, which ensures comfortable operation in cold weather.
  • All-season type. a very popular oil as it can be used at all temperatures.

How to mix gasoline and oil

Proportions used for mixing. The classical ratio is 1 part lubricant to 4 parts gasoline. Specific values are listed in the manufacturer’s instructions.

To assemble a mini tractor from a motoblock with your own hands without making mistakes, you will need a step-by-step instruction and

The fuel mixture is diluted in a separate container. The container must be dry, petrol proof and clean. First you should pour petrol into the tank and then add oil. Only after thoroughly mixing the mixture is poured into the tank of your power tiller.

Gasoline up to 92 octane number is used for motor blocks. When mixing the tank is not completely filled, leave a gap of 2-3 cm (during mixing the fuel is expanding).

Method 1. how to change the engine with the ignition advance angle adjustment

This method we will demonstrate on the example of the engine UMZ-341. To switch the engine to gasoline of 92 type, you need to replace the spark plug A11-3 with a spark plug A17B. Also after adjusting the ignition advance angle, to do this it is necessary to shift it exactly 2 degrees counterclockwise.

The stages of carrying out this conversion:

  • Empty gas tank of gasoline and drain it.
  • Start the engine and let it work out all the excess fuel from the carburetor.
  • Remove the spark plug lug.
  • Now you need to unscrew the four bolts fixing the fan guard.
  • Remove the shroud.
  • At this stage it is necessary to loosen the flywheel nut.
  • Unscrew the nut.
  • We remove the ratchet, the control washer and the nut.
  • Fit the handwheel puller. To do this, tighten the central bolt puller and hit it lightly with a hammer, remove the handwheel (important: when removing the handwheel blows on it are prohibited).
  • Find the ignition setting mark. It is actually applied by the manufacturer when adjusting.
  • Take a screwdriver and loosen the magneto mount. Then move its base exactly 2 mm to the left, counterclockwise.

Next we proceed to the assembly of the engine, putting everything back into place. It is important to check the key in the crankshaft when reassembling. In the flywheel, the mounting nut should be tightened to a torque of 14-16 kgf/m and tightened with a lockwasher. Use a part of the washer which is not jammed. Replace a spark plug with A17B. That’s actually the whole procedure. It’s simple and straightforward. And your engine will be ready to work on 92 mark of gasoline.

Is it reasonable to lower the octane number??

Theoretically it makes sense, because the engines, designed to run on low-octane gasoline, do not cope with more efficient fuel. It’s all about the moment of fuel explosion here: in engines that are designed for AI-92 gasoline, low-octane fuel will explode too early, and then some of the energy is lost. Detonation occurs, which leads to early wear of friction pairs of the engine. Also, combustion products may be deposited on the cylinder walls because they do not have time to escape from the combustion chamber when the exhaust valve is opened.

On the contrary, in engines designed for low-octane fuel, AI 92 or AI 95 gasoline will explode with some delay, which leads to approximately the same consequences. But this is in theory. In fact, you can’t put low-octane fuel in modern engines, and vice versa. you can. The reason. The low quality of gasoline sold at Russian gas stations. Unfortunately, its quality is worse compared to European fuel, so many drivers try to use fuel with a higher octane number than that required by the engine.

That is why you can safely use high-octane fuel for old mopeds, chainsaws, lawn mowers, and even add oil to gasoline for a chainsaw. Although they are designed to work with low-octane fuel, there is nothing wrong with using fuel with higher detonation resistance.

the method of ignition advance angle setting

This method is best described on the example of the engine UMZ-341. This versatile engine is equipped with virtually the same parts as other domestic and imported engines.

Before you convert your motorblock engine from 80 to 92 gasoline, you will need to replace the A 11-3 spark plug with an A17B spark plug. After that you can adjust the angle of advance by not more than 2 degrees counterclockwise. The work algorithm is as follows:

  • Completely drain the gasoline from the gas tank of the motor block;
  • Start the engine and give it time to run out any remaining fuel;
  • Remove the tip of the spark plug;
  • Unscrew the 4 bolts holding the fan guard;
  • Remove the shroud;
  • Next, you will need to loosen the nut fixing the flywheel;
  • Unscrew the nut and remove the ratchet;
  • Install flywheel puller. This requires tightening the puller screw and hitting it lightly with a hammer;
  • Find the ignition adjustment mark;
  • Use a screwdriver to loosen the magneto lock. After that move its base 2 mm to the left.

After completing these steps, reassemble the engine. Make sure there is a key at the end of the crankshaft during assembly. Tighten the flywheel mounting nut to a torque of 16 kgf/m and secure with a lockwasher. While doing this, work with a part that is not jammed. After the modification you can pour 92 percent gasoline into your power tool tank. it will run like clockwork.

Features of operating a rebuilt power tiller

In order to extend the life of the main mechanisms of a rebuilt power tiller, be sure to follow a number of rules. When working with an agricultural machine, perform:

  • Check the condition of the cylinders. check regularly for fouling due to fuel evaporation;
  • Check the transmission. at first it may “fail”, but later all the parts will fall into place, and the mechanism will work properly.

Is it possible to fill in the 95 gasoline instead of 92, the possible consequences for the engine

Is it possible to fill in the 95 (98) petrol instead of 92. What will happen to the valves, let’s analyze the consequences

Not so long ago I wrote an article on the topic. what gasoline to pour 95 or 92, the engine of his iron horse. The article was quite popular, especially on the channel “YouTube”. The readers began to ask a lot of questions and the most popular, perhaps, is whether it is possible to fill in with 95 or 98 instead of 92 gasoline according to the car passport? Won’t the valves burn out, won’t the pistons melt?? And in general, what are the consequences? The question is really interesting, so there will be both an article and a video version, in general, interesting, so read look.

Well, at the very beginning I propose to remember again about the octane number of gasoline. Why yes, because we need to understand what it needs in general.

The octane number is an indicator that characterizes the detonation resistance of fuel. In other words, the higher the octane number, the greater the resistance to detonation or spontaneous combustion.

Actually it was already considered in a previous article, you can go to the link at the beginning. But what does this imply?? What will be the advantage of using 95 (98) gasoline in a car designed for 95?

95 (98) и 92

The difference between these two types of gasoline, is not great, especially if you take the two closest, such as 95 and 98. BUT as we understood from the definition above the higher octane number the higher compression ratio it can withstand.

I.e. 92 sustains compression ratio from about. 9 to 11.

So if your engine is designed for 92, and you fill it with say 95, THIS IS A BENEFICIENT IMPACT ON ITS OPERATION. Since spontaneous ignition, even more reduced. I’m not even talking about 98 gasoline. High-octane fuel will be ignited in the engine from the spark plug, but not from the compression ratio!

Guys, remember, often the additives that increase “octane” are designed to reduce ignition at high compression ratios. And the combustion time is a little bit longer. But the combustion components of the 92, 95 and 98 are often the same! Not always of course, still some brand gas stations add to gasoline all kinds of detergents and combustion enhancing compositions, but often it is like this!

About gasoline combustion

I want to explain a little bit about how gasoline of different octane numbers burns, we need it to understand the power and small economy.

convert, cascade, tractor, gasoline
  • 76 (80) gasoline. burns quickly and not long, I would even say explosively. It flashes quickly and goes out quickly.
  • The combustion in ’92 is not explosive but gradual, i.e. the flame spreads much more slowly and takes a bit longer to ignite.
  • 95-98. it is clear, that the higher is the “octane”, the spread of flame in gasoline is softer (if so may be said), more even. And it burns longer.

Therefore, the performance on the high-octane types, it seems softer and the engine runs quieter. It does not feel like it, in fact it is.

About power and reducing consumption

Many people write that the fill in the 95 (98) fuel consumption dropped and the car began to pull like “rabid”! It is not always possible to believe in such words, although there is a little truth in it. Specially highlighted this point.

Actually as it can be understood from the previous point, the higher “octane number”, the “softer” and more even the gasoline combustion, as well as a LONGER BURNS IN THE ENGINE CYLLINDERS. And that means that the difference is a percentage, but it REALLY IS. This is your power. do not expect the engine to “go wild”, but a little power is transferred, usually from 3 to 7% (often up to a gain of less than 10% are not felt by the driver). Also about this percentage will drop and fuel consumption, that is a maximum of 7%, although it all depends on the driver, if you “heat” not only the expense will not fall, but the opposite will grow.

So, it is possible to get economy and power gain, but it will be within the margin of error.

Will the valves or pistons not burn out??

These horror stories come to us from old carbureted cars. Where often there were only two types of gasoline 76 and 93. And it was not recommended to put 93 in an engine with 76! Why? Yes because the carburetor couldn’t automatically adjust the “octane rating” and it turned out that the mixture was still burning in the cylinders, but the exhaust valves would open and melt with that flame!

Yes it really was, but if you adjust the carburetor to use fuel of high “octane”, then also nothing terrible will happen.

Modern cars, often already allow the use of all types of fuel, in the instructions for use, you can see such inscriptions:

And so on. What does this tell us, yes that often modern engines can run on almost all modern standards. If your car is recommended no less than 92nd, it says that you can fill all types of fuel and 92, 95, 98.

If your car is designed for 95, you can pour 95, 98. BUT if you pour in 92 and detonation will go, the ignition angle will correct the “detonation sensor”.

That is modern motors, in direct sense of this word, are clever! Based on a bunch of sensors ECU will make the right decision and run the right algorithm with this particular type of fuel.

So. NOTHING will burn out at you, not the valves, much less the pistons.

A few words about American and turbocharged motors

Also, I get questions like “I bought a car imported from the US and it says to put AKI 91 gasoline in it. What is it, and what kind of fuel should I choose??”

The US market has slightly different standards, their classification is not like our AI (i.e. “research”). The abbreviation AKI, means. conditional, averaged designation of two indices ((“research” “engine”)/2).

convert, cascade, tractor, gasoline

If we approximate our standards, we get roughly the following picture:

I would also like to mention the turbocharged variants, in the last article I said that it is recommended to pour not less than “95th” in them.

Let’s think logically, why exactly 95 and 98? Turbo engines use much larger volumes of air and fuel, the mixture in them should be more enriched, and from the points above we understood that such BOTH fuel, gives us a higher octane. Think about it for yourselves. WHY BUY A TURBO AND FURTHER THINK THAT HE WAS COOKING BAD MIXES, it is just not designed for this! The amount of air, should strictly correspond to the caloric value of fuel.

It’s also worth noting that when using “92”, as many manufacturers point out, the “right temperature mode” can be violated, which can lead to failure of some components, in particular the “turbine” itself.

Homemade tractor.The process of Assembly.Did the accelerator pedal.#47

Therefore, only “what the doctor ordered” in TURBO, otherwise it is fraught with the risk of repair

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Fault diagnosis

The manufacturer guarantees trouble-free operation of the appliance for up to 5 years provided that all recommendations for care and maintenance are followed carefully. The machine has a 24-month warranty. During this time, there should be no attempts to repair the equipment yourself by opening the seals.

Aggregates can have these malfunctions:

  • The Cascade single axle tractor won’t start, the engine won’t start.
  • The ignition system does not work. Adjusting the ignition of the power tiller is based on inspecting the spark plugs as described above.
  • Unstable engine running or stalling after starting.
  • Difficulty in starting the engine, black exhaust gases.
  • The single axle tractor does not move forward or backward.
  • Belt of V-belt separates.
  • The engine does not develop power.

These are typical failures and malfunctions of a power tiller.

The reasons

If you can not start the engine, the causes may be as follows:

  • Lack of fuel in the tank;
  • gas valve is closed;
  • Fuel system clogging;
  • clogging of the hole in the tank plug;
  • fuel leaking from carburetor;
  • Ignition system doesn’t work;
  • air is sucking in through the carburettor flanges.

If the engine is unstable, the cause is low fuel consumption, with difficult starting and the presence of exhausts on the contrary, high fuel consumption, clogging of the air filter, excess oil in the crankcase.

If your power tiller does not move forward or backward, the belt may be broken or has insufficient tension.

convert, cascade, tractor, gasoline

If the engine does not run at the declared power, the problem is a loose spring or soot in the combustion chamber.

Repair of power tiller

Repair work is done according to Cascade repair manual.

It is recommended that service be performed by a repair shop. Specialists will adjust the carburetor, in the absence of forward or reverse check the gearbox, make repairs to the gearbox, replace worn parts.

The instructions for repairing Cascade power tillers are made taking into account the most often malfunctions. It contains information on the types of equipment malfunctions, possible causes, and methods of their elimination.

For example, the engine can fail to start because of a malfunction in the fuel or ignition system. In case of unstable engine operation (shutoff immediately after start-up, black exhaust gases, etc.) the fuel system is not working properly.д.) The reason may be a carburetor malfunction or clogged air filter. Breakdowns related to the carburetor, it is better to fix the specialists.

If there are minor faults with the power tiller, the owner can eliminate the cause himself.

If there are problems with the fuel system, you need to do the following

  • Fill up the fuel.
  • Check if the hole in the plug is clogged. To do this, it is necessary to remove the plug in the tank, clean the hole.
  • Drain the fuel from the tank, flush it with gasoline, blow the carburetor jets with a pump.

Faults in the ignition system are solved by the following methods:

  • Replace the spark plug.
  • Check and replace the spark plug boot.
  • If the permissible dimensions of the gap between the stator and the flywheel magnetic shoe change, adjust it.

If the air filter is clogged, clean the filter element.

If the causes of failure in the V-belt drive, check the tension of the belts, adjust them or replace.

After repairing your Cascade power tiller, the machine should work well and for a long time.

Engine construction: Kaskad single axle tractor

It’s no secret that the engine is the “heart” of the whole machine and it is the engine that determines the productivity of the machine, its power and efficiency. To understand all the features of the functional part, it is necessary to get acquainted with its structure, competently described in the following drawings:

  • 1 shows the cylinder block;
  • 2. Gas distribution mechanism;
  • 3. crank-rod design;
  • 4. fuel consumption system;
  • 5. ignition system;
  • 6. starting device;
  • 7. cooling system.

This diagram shows a cross sectional view:

  • Cork;
  • Cylinder block cover;
  • Dipstick plug;
  • Pin;
  • Filter sump;
  • Connecting hose;
  • Fuel cock;
  • Nut;
  • Bolt;
  • Tank fixing clamp, etc. п.

Thanks to the detailed representation of the constructional parts every car owner can replace the defective parts and understand the peculiarities of such an important “organ” of the device.