How to cut paving slabs with your own hands. Figure harsh

DIY paving slabs: how to make it right?

As a rule, paving stones are interesting externally and durable material. Apply it as a way to ennoble the garden, court, park and so on. However, among all advantages, there is one significant drawback. price. Sometimes she “bites”, and everyone wants a neat landscape of their yard. And even if there is no way to buy the required amount, you can make paving slabs with your own hands.

It’s no secret that the recipe is how to make paving slabs with your own hands can be found on the Internet or Book on Construction.

The manufacture of paving slabs with your own hands requires the presence:

Among other things, you will need a vibration tile for paving slabs with your own hands, drawings for it, if there is no way to buy a ready.made sample.

As a rule, in any construction store there is everything to make paving stoves with your own hands at home is made in the best possible way. For a couple of bags with a cement of five hundred brand, purchase super.plasticizer raw materials. With it, you can improve the strength of the product to frost.

A very accurate amount of sand that no one can say for the process, but a couple of garden carts will definitely be needed.

As for the colrant, this is a pure thing of taste. However, keep in mind that the shade will still be an admixture of gray. So you can not see a particular difference.

If it is not possible to make a vibro.stop with your own hands for the production of paving slabs, you can make it from improvised means. For example, such a gadget can become a used washing machine of any brand.

How to make a vibration tile with your own hands can be found on any site for masters. But what is it for, you should know. As a rule, with the help of this device, you can achieve the maximum compaction of the shape of different elements from the concrete mixture. For example, paving stones, if we take into account this topic. Among other things, each detail acquires a homogeneous form, and as a stronger structure should.

You can also make a plasticizer for paving slabs with your own hands. As a rule, a solution with lime or soap powder is mixed for this. This ingredient improves the technical characteristics of concrete.

What forms are available for the manufacture of track details

Now let’s talk in more detail about the forms that can be used to get pavement tiles with your own hands at home. As they say, since they have already decided to do everything independently, then forms can also be developed also. For example, they can be adapted to them:

Of course, these tips can take advantage of, lovers to experiment. For those who like quality guarantee and accuracy, it is better to purchase ready.made samples.

How to make paving slabs with your own hands using shapes from the store and talk.

Perhaps their advantages include a variety of drawings, prints, which makes your elements exclusive and chic.

The most popular containers for the formation of parts for paths include products in the form:

Among other things, the material for the manufacture of matrices also matters. Most often it is:

The most expensive and durable include rubber and plastic. They usually withstand from 250 to 500 castings. However, for a small section, there are quite enough polyurethane matrices in the amount of 10 pieces.

Important points of the process

In fact, cutting paving stones. processing of strong concrete products of various thicknesses. As a result of such a procedure, elements of the required forms, sizes are obtained. over, their edges should be even, neat. It is possible to cut sidewalk tiles in different ways: figuratively, across, longitudinally, diagonally. It is important to remember that concrete is highly density. It is achieved thanks to the features of its production: granite crushed stone is added to the composition, the method of vibration pressing is used. Therefore, all procedures should be carried out by a special tool, observe the accuracy and correctness of such actions:

The volume of all works, as well as their complexity, largely depends on the desired pattern, the initial shape of the paving stones. Usually square or rectangular products are cut across (according to the previously made markup). To create multi.colored patterns from complex tiles, it is necessary to use significantly more strength. The corner cut, which ensures the insertion of elements into a single design, is most difficult to perform. It is made only with a hacksaw for metal.

Attention! Regardless of the method used, when performing the cut, it is certainly worth using individual protective equipment.

Without cutting paving stones, laying out a complex pattern on the site is almost impossible for Trotuar.Biz

Features of paving slabs

Special tile cutting tools.

Porcelain tiles or paving stones are used for decorative and reliable coverage of sites and approaches to the house. It is small elements of various geometric shapes and is most often made of concrete with the addition of granite wems. The most common are the following forms: brick, square, paving stones, wave, hexagon, Z-profile and some others.

When laying elements, a certain ornament is usually formed, which requires adjusting the tiles in size, therefore, cutting it into clearly measured pieces. In this case, the cut edge should be even; Otherwise, the entire conceived pattern will have a careless look. This condition is especially important for material with different colors, and this option is used quite often.

The dimensions of individual elements fluctuate in a wide range. Fast laying is carried out using tiles with a length of each side of 30-60 cm and 5-8 cm thick; And to create a certain ornament, elements with a size of 10-25 cm and a thickness of 2-8 cm are used. Most often laid the paving stones with dimensions 20x10x6 cm.

The composition of the solution for paving slabs

The composition of the solution for the manufacture of paving slabs consists of the following components:

• Cement M-500. Should be friable without the content of lumps and extraneous impurities. Remember that cement is a connecting component, so the strength of the tiles will depend on its quality.
• Sowed river sand. Sand should not contain extraneous impurities such as clay or algae. There is a simple way to check the sand for clay in the composition.
• Crushed stone (fractions from 5 to 10 mm,);
• Fiber.fiber. Plays the role of reinforcement of concrete. often the material of the fiber is polypropylene. To purchase in the construction market this component will not be difficult.
• Plasticizer. The component gives concrete strength and moisture resistance.
• Concrete dye (optional).
• Pure water without impurities.

Drying and falling out shapes

In the summer, drying should last at least 24 hours, and with cool weather at least 2 days.To make the tiles easier to extract from the shape of it should be immersed in a container with hot water for 15-20 seconds. The forms are then washed with water and are ready to work again.

Read how to make a boiler in a bath with your own hands

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Security measures

Before starting sawing paving slabs (by any method), it is important to ensure reliable protection of the employee: this will help to prevent his possible injury. In the process of cutting paving stones, it is necessary to strictly adhere to such rules:

• All work must be done in protective equipment, which includes a respirator, glasses, and overalls made of dense fabric. This is most about the cases when the cutting procedure involves the formation of a huge amount of dust.
• It is advisable to use special headphones that will protect from excessively loud noise.
• In the process of using the selected tool, it is important to comply with the basic requirements for its operation: to check the functionality of any mechanisms before the start of work; Change the consumables in time; avoid the use of incorrectly functioning devices; You can not bring your fingers to rotating details; while using the power tool, always be extremely attentive.

Each separate method of cutting paving states its own set of rules. Therefore, it is extremely important to think through the sequence of all actions in advance, to study the instructions for devices that are required to be used with such work.

In the process of cutting paving slabs, too much dust is formed: this requires the mandatory use of protective equipment source I.ytimg.com

Security measures

Before starting sawing paving slabs (by any method), it is important to ensure reliable protection of the employee: this will help to prevent his possible injury. In the process of cutting paving stones, it is necessary to strictly adhere to such rules:

• All work must be done in protective equipment, which includes a respirator, glasses, and overalls made of dense fabric. This is most about the cases when the cutting procedure involves the formation of a huge amount of dust.
• It is advisable to use special headphones that will protect from excessively loud noise.
• In the process of using the selected tool, it is important to comply with the basic requirements for its operation: to check the functionality of any mechanisms before the start of work; Change the consumables in time; avoid the use of incorrectly functioning devices; You can not bring your fingers to rotating details; while using the power tool, always be extremely attentive.

Each separate method of cutting paving states its own set of rules. Therefore, it is extremely important to think through the sequence of all actions in advance, to study the instructions for devices that are required to be used with such work.

In the process of cutting paving slabs, too much dust is formed: this requires the mandatory use of protective equipment source I.ytimg.com

Features of cutting

Before cutting paving slabs, you must carefully prepare. I mean marking on separate concrete elements, the territory of the saw. For the latter, it is recommended to divert a plot removed from other building material, previously laid coating, all kinds of buildings.

Attention! The dust resulting when cutting tiles is not easy, has the ability to get into the materials, spoil their color.

For high.quality sawing of paving stones, first of all, you need to accurately perform measurements. As a rule, about ten percent of the reserve is added to the received numbers. If necessary, then the edges can be processed, remove excess.

Cut tiles exactly on a pre.outline line. At the same time, it is impossible to push over excessively on the material, since the product can break into random parts or slip out of hands.

Advice! If the sawing of the corner grinding occurs is difficult, the paving stones can be slightly sprinkled with ordinary sand. But since the latter is able to strengthen the sliding of the tool, in such situations it is important to be extremely careful.

When cutting on paving slabs, you can not press too much, because of this it can break up to random parts or slip out of hands source i2.WP.com

How to cut tiles without tile cutter

In the production of various construction work, it is often the need to cut ceramic tiles at home often arises on your own. To do this, it is not at all necessary to have a professional tool. tile cutter.

We’ll make a reservation right away: it will not be about constant work and large volumes, but about small batches or generally piece products.

In such cases, buying an expensive tool does not make sense, it is quite possible to do with improvised means.

Types of cut

• Cut in a straight line. In this case, it is necessary to distinguish where the cut goes. If less than 2 cm remains to the edge from the cut line, then such a cut can be attributed to a curly;
• Round holes in the tile of various diameters;
• Curly clippings;
• Mosaic elements.

If there are requirements for accurate geometric shapes, then this type also refers to curly clippings. Otherwise, this is actually crushing tiles into pieces. Products are placed in a bag and with a heavy tool (hammer, sledgehammer) are crushed to the desired proportions.

Methods of cutting tiles

The methods given are mainly suitable in order to cut tiles at home. But also applicable or limited applicable to other types of tiles. You can cut the tiles without tile cutter in the following ways:

Corner grinding machine (angular grinder)

Generally speaking, this is a universal tool. As the masters used to cut the house with the help of one ax, so now with the help of one corner grinder they can cut out anything. The author was a witness, as a flat round hole was cut with a diameter of 5 cm.

note! The method is suitable for direct, curly species and in the presence of minimal skills of handling a tool of curvilinear lines of any configuration.

• Corner grinder. Any power and any kind;
• Cutting circle (on stone or diamond);
• Protective helmet or glasses (required);
• Protective completely closed suit and mitten (recommended);
• Respirator (recommended);
• Clamp. Additionally in some cases (clamp or vise).

Previously marked tiles, preferably with scratching the line with any sharp tool. In extreme cases, the line is allowed by the construction marker. During work, a lot of dust is formed and the marked lines can be erased when it is removed.

Direct small sections along the edges of the tiles can be drawn by laying the tiles on a flat surface on the table or on the floor. First cut the surface a few millimeters.

With such an operation of its own severity of tiles and friction strength, there is enough for the product to hold on the spot. With deeper passages, you can additionally step on the edge or hold the assistant.

With curly cuts, it is better to attach the product with a clamp to the countertop or fix it in a vice, having previously placed pieces of cardboard or dense fabric under the lips.

• Along the outer edge, the marks are held several times along the entire length. In one pass, they deepen to 3 mm. Repeat the operation until the result is achieved;
• With small segments, up to 2 cm long, immediately for the entire thickness;
• Marking is applied to both sides. A surface cut (up to 3 mm) is carried out on the front side). Then cut from the back (up to 3 mm per pass) until the goal is reached. This method avoids random damage to the front side with a cutting tool.

It is recommended to be used for complex cuts: at the edges or curvilinear. The fact is that with this method there is a lot of dust, the consumption of the cutting canvas, temporary costs and labor costs. The usual straight line for the trimmer can be cut off in much simpler ways.

Electric

If there is no tile cutter, no corner grinder, then an electrician may turn out to be available. Underestimated by many tools!

It saws in the usual way. Too rounded cuts to cut it problematic, the file gets stuck. It is not a fat (wall) tile that is not sawn well. Sprinking floor porcelain tile in this way is very difficult. For slight relief, it is proposed to first soak the material.

It is recommended to use, if necessary, cut out curved segments with large radius of curvature.

Glass cutter or any pointed tool

In this way you can cut exclusively tiles. And only in a straight line. Another restriction. parts should not be less than 2 cm wide.

• Glass cutter. Instead of glass cutter, you can use any tool with a pointed cutting edge. It is desirable that the cutting tool is made of solid materials: diamond, win, etc.D. As an example of cutting tools: core, spear.shaped cord, household knife and so on;
• Metal ruler or any direct metal rail. In extreme cases, from any material. But then you will need to very carefully scratch the fishing line for the trimmer of the cut, since the ruler can be cut and the scratch will go aside on the tile.

In order for the cut to get a clear without chips and leaving the scratch should be applied carefully. It is enough to scratch the upper, glossy layer.

When applying risks with a knife, several passes are made to get a deep scratch.

The application of scratches depends on the hardness and severity of the tool used. If the tool is sufficiently solid and sharpened (glass cutter with a sharp roller, a spear.shaped sharpened winning drill and t.D.

), then one passage with good effort is enough. If the tool is blurred or made of soft material (economic knife), then several passes will be required.

Ultimately, the groove should go deeper below the glossy layer.

• About an even sharp corner. Take tiles with two hands from different sides from risks. The blow apply sharp from distance 5.10 cm about the angle from the back of the product. Before this, it is good to aim so that the blow came, as accurately as possible at the place of fault. The angle can be any, the main thing is that it is sharp and solid (metal corner, wooden beam). It is desirable for convenience that the corner towers above the surface of 10 centimeters by 10. Otherwise, there is a possibility when hitting the surface with your hand, the blow will go to the side and the tile will break not at risk;
• On a solid rod. The tile lies on a long hard rod with the back of. Then sharply pressed on both sides with two hands. The rod can be any. even, with a diameter of about 8 to 15 mm (drill, round pencil, etc.D.). It is desirable that the length is at least 2/3 of the length of the fault. You can break out parts, and not through the entire length of the tiles;
• Between the clamps. The method is suitable both for breaking through the entire tile, and for breaking out large parts. The approaches are different, but the essence is one. It is required to fix the product between two clamps at the place of fault. It can be two barbells or thick plywood. You can make a small machine: twist two sheets of plywood at one end with self.tapping screws, the tile is placed inside, spreading them with an effort. The main thing is that even sharp edges and accuracy of the installation of the material on the trimmer risks are provided. After installation, additionally clamp the structure with our own weight and sharply press on the protruding edge.Breakdown of clamped tiles.

How to cut paving slabs

For cutting paving slabs, it is not allowed to use devices such as tile cutter, electrical tile cutter and glass cutter (all this will fit more for cutting ceramic tiles). An angular grinder is best suited for this case. We insert a diamond disk into it and forward!

With the above tool, cutting paving stones will become a very easy occupation. In addition, you will not have to undergo special training and have certain skills. Just adhere to certain recommendations enough.

Choosing a disk for cutting paving slabs

Diamond discs are divided into three categories: for wet, dry cutting and combined. Such cutting circles are covered with a diamond layer around the circle, they themselves consist of iron. For cutting paving stones, a combined diamond disk with a wave.like structure is best suitable, thanks to which the disk effective cooling occurs, so that the tile will not have to be wetted with water.

Preparation for the cutting process

First take care of the equipment. It should protect the respiratory tract and organs of vision from dust, which is produced during cutting in huge quantities. For this purpose, get a respirator and goggles.

It would not hurt to take care of the organs of hearing, along with dust, of course, a deafening noise comes to. To provide yourself maximum protection, make sure the sufficient density of clothing materials in which work will be carried out.

Do not forget, the corner grinder with a diamond disk works at very high speeds. Take care of your fingers. cut it very carefully and accurately.

The cutting process is not complicated. First you need to choose tiles of sufficient strength so that it does not crumble as the disk is influenced. Then carefully measure the necessary shape, as a result, striking, well.visible lines.

You must cut strictly over the outlined lines, avoiding excessive pressing on a corner grinder, otherwise you risk losing control over it and dropping it. If, under all observed conditions, cutting it seems difficult to you, you can use the usual masonry sand. Sprinkle the paving stones for them, only without fanaticism, otherwise the corner grinder will begin to slide excessively.

We cut tiles for sidewalks only in a place specially designated for this. The reason for this is the dust that can fall on the rest of the tile and ruin its color in two scores, having fed tightly. In the case when the dust still got to where it is not necessary, sweep it with a hard brush without delay.

Consider the fact that the wet surface “catches” dust with a much higher speed. If the tile is also a different color, the result can be more than deplorable and its replacement will be inevitable.

Give sure of dust on other objects and vehicles standing nearby.

A good alternative to a corner grinder may come to come with a gilantine knife. In this case, you will not have to cut the paving slabs, but to chop it. The subject of Kolka is simply inserted into the device and split through the lowering of the lever.

Preparatory work

In the process of cutting tiles, it is necessary to use protective glasses.

For cutting paving slabs, you should prepare a special place. This condition is due to the fact that the smallest dust, getting to the surface of the elements, is quickly eaten into them, which spoils the appearance, especially when using colored bars. If they are moisturized, the unwanted process intensifies. Therefore, it is necessary to secure the finished tiles as much as possible from the dust that occurs during cutting.

The most important stage of preparation is marking tiles for cutting. It is carried out using a metal line, transporter and construction pencil. With ordinary laying of a standard size paving stones, markings are made before laying, after thorough measurement of the covered area and calculating the length of the necessary pieces of bar. Marking elements when performing patterned masonry is usually performed in fact, t.e. In the process of laying in the event of such a need, and the size is removed directly from the location.

When marking, it is important to draw a fishing line for a trimmer so that the cut piece clearly stands in the intended place. To do this, lay the technological gap of the order of 3-5 mm, which will allow the element to enter the remaining space for it; at the same time not to create cracks visually visually.

Safety regulations

Before cutting paving slabs

corner grinder or guillotine, at least in any other way, in an ineffective order, you need to ensure the protection of the master. In an unpleasant case, it is difficult to guarantee the safety of work and the lack of risk of injuries.

• Protection tools (in particular, if the method of cutting tiles is chosen, which involves the occurrence of a huge amount of dust, a huge speed of rotation of parts, etc. D.). Glasses, respirator, special clothing made of very dense material will help out. You are from dust and injuries.
• Special headphones for protection against very sonorous noise.
• The study of the rules of working with the chosen inventory as a whole is common: do not bring your fingers to rapidly rotating mechanisms, carefully work with the power tool, closely inspect the devices and parts to work, do not use broken or faulty devices. Each method implies its own set of rules: for example, if the paving slabs are cutting with corner grinders, then the tool must be held with both hands by the side handle, use the protective screen from dust and sparks, provide electrical safety, etc.D.
• In the process, see details and mechanisms. Guillotine knife, grinding circles must be changed, only in this case, if it is fully consistent with the standards of property.

Cutting corner grinding

For cutting, a corner grinder with a capacity of 2 kW or more is suitable, a diamond cutting tool is best suited for stone and concrete to work and concrete. It gives a thin section, and the process of cutting the block takes a few seconds. A diamond disk for cutting paving slabs is chosen with corner grinders taking into account the thickness of the bars. Usually a cutting canvas with a diameter of 23 cm. Cutting is carried out as follows:

• With a pencil and ruler mark the fishing line for the trimmer of the cut.
• The tile is horizontally fixed on a wooden substrate (clamps, presses, or just a foot).
• Turn on the corner grinder and bring on top to marking. The disk should be located strictly perpendicular to the surface of the block.
• They saw, drawing a disc from one edge of the marking to another, immersing it inside the cut until the pieces are completely separated.
• If the process “slows down”, you can pour a little fine.grained sand into the cut.

For dry cutting angular grinding, circles reinforced with small diamond are produced. The cuts are high.quality and neat, but a lot of dust is formed during cutting. If you work with a disk for wet cutting, there will be no dust, but in this case you will have to ensure moistening the working canvas, or the supply of water to the cut.

The corner grinder is held for two handles, the main, on the case, and the upper.

You can not remove the protective casing to avoid injury.

The use of guillotine

Gilotine knife-device for cutting (more correctly, for Kolka) stone, bricks and concrete. They can only be made by direct cuts. Guillotine is a machine in the case of which there is a steel canvas (from above) and a horizontal site for installing stone (below). To create a thorny force, a screw dropping the knife down, or a long lever is used. The cutting process is as follows:

• The paving slabs are placed on the site (table), combining the fishing line for the trimmer of the marking with the blade of the knife guillotine.
• They twist the side screws so that the blade rests on the bar and the item is fixed.
• Press on the lever (or twist the upper screw that creates pressure) and the bar is split.

Hill knife is convenient to use with large volumes of work. Only a sharp blade collapse well, so you need to monitor the condition of the canvas and keep it in good condition. With a stoop with a blunt knife, the chip will be uneven, rude. On it, yellowness and other spots from the burn appear on it from overheating. When working with a gyliotic knife, you cannot put your hands under the blade when splitting the bar.

What to choose for the sawing. corner grinder or guillotine?

So, the most important part is cutting. It should be carried out strictly along the drawn line, firmly fixing the material on a flat surface. Which tool to choose? It is best to use a corner grinder, guillotine or a special tool for cutting paving slabs, but it is expensive and more suitable for professional work. If the volume of work is small, try using a hacksaw for metal. Let’s study the tile cutting process in more detail when using corner grinders and guillotines.

It is best for cutting paving slabs to take an angular grinder equipped with a diamond disk with a diameter of up to 23 cm. The power of the tool should be at least 2 kW. Cutting the material is very simple: firmly fix the tile and saw it with a disk, following exactly along the line. If during cutting you feel that the tool brakes a little, sprinkle the surface of the tile with sand. If you have to carry out a large amount of work, it is best to use a hylotine knife, which is a machine with a styling table, guides, a knife and a handle. Put the product in the gap between the knives and the surface of the desktop, lower the knife and “chop” the material. The important advantage of such a tool is that cutting is carried out quickly and almost without dust.

Whatever the cutting tool you choose, the paving stones after work will still have small irregularities on the surface. That is why the final stage of preparing tiles for styling is to eliminate such defects. Small irregularities are usually removed with a grinding machine, it is better to remove more noticeable chips with a hacksaw for metal.

Preparatory work

Before cutting paving slabs, you need to perform preparatory work. They are as follows: 1. Search for a suitable place for cutting and its arrangement (it should be spacious and quite remote from the warehouse with a processed paving stones). 2. Marking the material, for which you need to prepare a metal ruler, transporter and construction pencil. If ordinary paving stones are performed, then the marking of the entire tile is done at the preparation stage. If a drawing is formed, then marking is required in fact, since it is necessary to fit the elements.

When marking tiles, you need to consider the necessary technological clearance, which has a size of 3-5 mm. It will allow the element to easily enter the prepared space, without forming the cracks that can be seen with the naked eye.

What to choose for the sawing. corner grinder or guillotine?

So, the most important part is cutting. It should be carried out strictly along the drawn line, firmly fixing the material on a flat surface. Which tool to choose? It is best to use a corner grinder, guillotine or a special tool for cutting paving slabs, but it is expensive and more suitable for professional work. If the volume of work is small, try using a hacksaw for metal. Let’s study the tile cutting process in more detail when using corner grinders and guillotines.

It is best for cutting paving slabs to take an angular grinder equipped with a diamond disk with a diameter of up to 23 cm. The power of the tool should be at least 2 kW. Cutting the material is very simple: firmly fix the tile and saw it with a disk, following exactly along the line. If during cutting you feel that the tool brakes a little, sprinkle the surface of the tile with sand. If you have to carry out a large amount of work, it is best to use a hylotine knife, which is a machine with a styling table, guides, a knife and a handle. Put the product in the gap between the knives and the surface of the desktop, lower the knife and “chop” the material. The important advantage of such a tool is that cutting is carried out quickly and almost without dust.

Whatever the cutting tool you choose, the paving stones after work will still have small irregularities on the surface. That is why the final stage of preparing tiles for styling is to eliminate such defects. Small irregularities are usually removed with a grinding machine, it is better to remove more noticeable chips with a hacksaw for metal.

Ceramic tiles. how to work with fragile material?

Working with such material is slightly more difficult, since one wrong movement can lead to damage to the upper layer of the tile and damage to its appearance. It is best to work with a corner grinder. And there is only one thing left. choose a suitable disk. Professionals advise using diamond cutters that are not afraid of high temperature, their use does not lead to mourning the edges of the tile coating.

There are segmented metal discs with grooves along the edges of the canvas. The outer edge of the product is covered with diamond chips. The thickness of the circle can reach 4 mm. the choice of the canvas in this case depends on the density of the tile. This option is suitable for both ceramic and concrete products. You can purchase a disk with a continuous edge without any zabin. They are made of steel, applying diamond crumbs on top. When working with ceramic tiles, it is better to use discs, the diameter of which is from 12 to 36 cm. The main advantage of such a canvas is that when cutting, the disk does not create a load on the paving stones, so that even thin specimens can be cut off with it.