What is a hacksaw for metal

Mechanical hacksaw.

In order to increase productivity and replace manual labor, mechanical hacksaws are used for cutting. The working cutting part, like a manual hacksaw, is a hacksaw blade stretched over the movable part of the machine. The pressure on the web is created by a movable load. Reciprocating movement of the blade is carried out by a crank mechanism driven by an electric motor. Feeding is done either manually or by a lead screw from an electric motor.

For band saws, the blade is an endless toothed belt stretched over two pulleys.

One of the pulleys is driven by an electric motor.

Saws, the working part of which are belts, due to their low productivity, have found little use in the manufacture of boiler structures.

Design features of a hacksaw for metal

The widespread use is largely determined by the device of the hacksaw for metal. It is presented in a C-shape, between the two edges of which there is a special canvas. When considering what the tool consists of, note the following:

Lever. Today, the handle of a hacksaw for metal in most cases is made of two different components, which ensure a long service life. The shape should be comfortable enough, and the element itself should be placed at the top of the structure or on the side. In most cases, the top location is used when it is necessary to process hard-to-reach places.
Frame. It is designed to take the load, as well as damping vibration at the time of operation. Today, various materials are used in the manufacture of such tool elements. In order to carry out the processing of hard-to-reach places, the structure often has an element due to which the tilt of the web is adjusted. The frame is made in one piece or sliding, the second version of the design allows the installation of the product with different lengths.
The canvas is represented by a hard alloy tape. This element is considered the thinnest and most fragile, represented by a combination of small teeth located relative to each other at a certain distance and angle. At the time of work, be careful, as even minor mistakes can lead to damage. When choosing, attention is paid to the fact that the surface must be hardened, since otherwise the required level of wear resistance cannot be ensured. To increase productivity, a blade with a rare tooth is selected, to increase the quality of a cut with a frequent one. Recently, bimetallic blade has become widespread.

Hacksaw Basics: How to buy and use a hacksaw.

The design features of the hacksaw for metal determine the very widespread use of the tool. The main part determines the duration of use and other points, the cutting speed and cut quality depends on the installed blade.

High speed steel blades

Possess the highest range of properties from the point of view of cutting ability and tooth durability. But these canvases have two significant drawbacks: high fragility and high cost. Brittleness, however, depends on the grade and quality of the steel, but saw blade manufacturers do not use expensive high-speed steels with low brittleness. Blades made of high-speed steel are replaced by bimetallic blades, which (at a similar cost) are not inferior to them in cutting ability, surpass them in durability and are completely devoid of fragility.

What is a hacksaw for metal?

Metal hacksaw blade length.

The length of the hacksaw blade can be from 150 to 400 mm with a width of 10 to 25 mm and a thickness of 0.6 to 1.25 mm with the number of teeth from 10 to 32 pcs. per inch (25.4 mm)

Cutting metal with a friction saw (friction saw).

During operation, the disc must be constantly watered with water, directing it to the friction zone. The supplied water significantly reduces the heating of the disc and the metal being cut. The cut is smooth, clean, but with beads along its edges. Sagging can be easily removed with a chisel. At the edge of the cut metal, a zone of weak structural changes with a width of 1–2 mm is formed, which must be removed in the case of the manufacture of particularly critical structures. In the manufacture of boiler structures, band and circular saws are mainly used for cutting profile, material: corners, channels, I-beams, pipes, etc.

Tooth shape of metal blades

Shown in the figure. The slope of the leading cutting edge can vary (within the range from 0 to 5-10 °), otherwise there are no differences. Such a tooth allows you to cut a fairly wide range of materials that differ in hardness and toughness. This tooth works well in only one direction shown in the picture.

Manufacturer

A better and more durable tool is considered to be a tool made by a well-known manufacturer. The products of such brands deserve attention:

How to choose a hand hacksaw for metal

Until a few decades ago, no one knew about the existence of an angle grinder. The metal was cut using hacksaws. In a short time, many alternative methods of cutting metal blanks have appeared, but in the arsenal of any master there is a hand tool with replaceable blades that works flawlessly in any conditions.

Criterias of choice

There are a large number of hacksaws on the market for metal. Making a choice is not easy. To facilitate the task, a reference point to important criteria that predetermine the purpose and effectiveness of a hand tool will help.

Processing material

A hacksaw can cut sheet and profiled metal, fittings and rods, metal pipes and corners. In repair and construction work, the tool is also used for cutting blanks made of plastic, chipboard, PVC, plexiglass. They can cut wood and laminate.

What does it consist of

The tool is a type of saw designed for cutting metal. The hand saw consists of a frame and a hacksaw blade. The frame is also called a loom or frame.

This part is equipped with a handle, a shank and a clamping element that secures the cutter. The handle can be made from different materials. Mostly wood or plastic is used. The frame can be solid and sliding. The second option allows you to work with canvases of different sizes. Structurally, the machine is of the following types:

with double-sided attachment of the cutting part (parameters are selected depending on the type of frame, its ability to adjust the length);
with one-sided blade fixation (standard length 300 mm and shortened versions, width 13 mm).

The cutting element is a narrow metal band with teeth on one side. There are also products in which both sides are jagged. When using them, it is important not to confuse a used edge with a new one. Wedge-shaped teeth are made with a sharpening angle of 60 degrees. The pitch of the teeth depends on the purpose of the blade:

for soft and ductile metals. 1 mm;
for hard metals. 1.5 mm;
for mild steel. 2 mm.

For locksmith work, a blade is used on which 17 teeth are located with a pitch of 1.5 mm for each inch.

The set of teeth is straight and wavy. The first option provides for the placement of sharp wedges along a straight mowing line, the second. with the retraction of every 2-3 teeth alternately to the left and to the right.

Parameters of hacksaw blades for metal:

length. 150-400 mm;
width. 10-25 mm;
thickness. 0.6-1.25 mm.

For the manufacture of cutting elements, different steel alloys are used: alloyed, tool, carburized soft.

What are the hacksaws for metal

Household models. This is an affordable and common option. Used for simple tasks. It is characterized by a comfortable and easy application. Structures are most often equipped with additional screw mechanisms for tensioning the canvas. The handle is positioned longitudinally to the cutting element.

Professional models. Hacksaws are suitable for continuous work. The kerf is accurate. The handle has a comfortable shape that allows you to use both hands during cutting. The rubberized cover of the handle prevents the tool from sliding during the cutting process. The blades can be set at an angle, which provides comfortable cutting of non-standard parts. Some models provide a choice of the desired angle from 2-3 possible options: 45/90/180 degrees.

Hacksaw handle. The tool is characterized by the shape of the frame, which resembles a bracket. Thanks to this solution, it is possible to cut workpieces in inaccessible places for conventional saws. The shape of the machine makes it possible to fix broken saw blades. Hacksaw handle ideal for making interior cuts.

Blade length, mm

This parameter is selected taking into account the dimensions of the cut part. The larger it is, the longer the canvas should be. The range of lengths of cutting elements for hand saws varies from 150 to 400 mm. There is a tooling, the length of which reaches 700 mm.

Tooth size

The blade teeth are small (up to 2.5 mm) and large (up to 5 mm). In products for working with metal, the average value is 2-2.5 mm. In wood saws, the teeth reach 4-6 mm. The more blades on the canvas, the smaller their size. It is easier to cut hard metal with such a product. When working with soft alloy material, difficulties will be felt due to the rapid clogging of the blade with chips. This greatly slows down the workflow, creates inconvenience.

A smoother, jag-free cut leaves a fine-toothed saw. Cutting parts with a hacksaw with large teeth is faster, but irregularities may be present on the cut.

Types and areas of application of the tool

The main purpose of a hacksaw is cutting metal products, cutting seams, grooves, cutting workpieces along outlined contours, etc. In addition, a hacksaw allows you to cut not only metal, but also, for example, foam plastic, ceramic products, plastic, organic glass and even wood.

In general, hacksaws for metal are conventionally divided into three types:

home models are the most common and affordable option, which is optimal for performing simple tasks around the house and is particularly comfortable to use. Often, these hacksaws are equipped with additional tensioning screw mechanisms combined with a wooden handle located longitudinally to the canvas;

professional hacksaws. suitable for longer work and accurate cuts. Hacksaws of this level are equipped with a comfortable rubberized handle and make it possible to install the blades at an angle for making non-standard cuts;
hacksaw-handle. has a special shape in the form of a bracket for working in hard-to-reach places. The rigging in such hacksaws is cantilevered and fixed only on one side. The hacksaw handle design allows you to install even broken saw blades and is perfect for internal cuts.

Types and areas of application of the tool

In the construction market, a hacksaw for metal is found in electric and manual form. The main purpose of the tool is to saw a metal product, as well as to create grooves and some other elements. When using special materials at the time of fabrication of the blade, it can also cut plastic, ceramics, organic glass and other surfaces. Conventionally, a mechanical hacksaw for metal is divided into three main groups:

How to use a hacksaw

Home models. This version is very common and is optimal for solving simple tasks. It is characterized by ease of use. To fasten the working blade, a tensioning screw mechanism is installed, which greatly simplifies the process. Do not forget that if the working part has a weak tension, then there is a possibility of serious deformation. A home-type hand hacksaw is much cheaper.
There are also professional hand tools. They are designed for continuous work and high quality cuts. Distinctive characteristics are the presence of a comfortable handle, as well as a special mechanism, due to which the process of changing the working blade is simplified. The purpose is to carry out frequent work on cutting various parts.
A hacksaw handle belongs to a separate category. It is characterized by the fact that it has the shape of a staple. This type of tool does not require much effort. The area of use lies in the processing of hard-to-reach places. The design of a metal hacksaw allows you to install even a broken blade.

There are also electrical appliances on sale, which are characterized by increased performance. Their use is possible only if there is source of electricity.

Scheme of work with a hand hacksaw

A hacksaw for metal does not require special skills and knowledge in operation. Basic rules of work:

It should be remembered the importance of the correct position of the performer’s body in relation to the cutting sites. At the beginning of work, the arm is bent at the elbow at 90 degrees, and the feet are slightly turned to increase stability.
Before fixing the canvas in the frame, it is pushed apart along the width of the canvas. After installation, it is fixed with nuts that provide the required web tension. High-quality fixation of the web allows you to exclude various kinds of vibrations. In this case, the main thing is not to overdo it, because too strong fixation can cause the canvas to break. The degree of fixation can be adjusted initially with nuts.
Hold the hacksaw with both hands while cutting. Movements when working with a hacksaw should be calm and uniform, preferably without sudden jerks. When moving the hacksaw forward, the tool should be pressed against the part more firmly, and when returning to the initial state, the pressure should be relaxed.
Before cutting the material, experts recommend fixing it in a special vice. This helps to reduce the risk of blade breakage and further damage to the part.

Design features of a hacksaw for metal

Lever. Today, the handle of a hacksaw for metal in most cases is made of two different components, which ensure a long service life. The shape should be comfortable enough, and the element itself should be placed at the top of the structure or on the side. In most cases, the top location is used when it is necessary to process hard-to-reach places.
Frame. It is designed to take the load, as well as damping vibration at the time of operation. Today, various materials are used in the manufacture of such tool elements. In order to carry out the processing of hard-to-reach places, the structure often has an element due to which the tilt of the web is adjusted. The frame is made in one piece or sliding, the second version of the design allows the installation of the product with different lengths.
The canvas is represented by a hard alloy tape. This element is considered the thinnest and most fragile, represented by a combination of small teeth located relative to each other at a certain distance and angle. At the time of work, be careful, as even minor mistakes can lead to damage. When choosing, attention is paid to the fact that the surface must be hardened, since otherwise the required level of wear resistance cannot be ensured. To increase productivity, a blade with a rare tooth is selected, to increase the quality of a cut with a frequent one. Recently, bimetallic blade has become widespread.

The direction of the teeth on the hacksaw

A fairly common construction tool is a hacksaw for metal. It is used for a wide variety of construction work, it allows you to change the size and shape of a wide variety of materials. Many experts call this tool universal. There is a fairly large number of different hacksaws for metal, all of them are characterized by their own specific features, which we will talk about in more detail later.

Tool selection criteria

Do not forget that you should choose a hacksaw for metal in accordance with the recommendations, since mistakes made can lead to the acquisition of a low-quality product. Even minor defects reduce the service life. The main criteria for choosing a tool for metal are as follows:

The shape of the tooth is selected depending on the inclination of the cutting edge part. In most cases, a classic form is created during production, since it is a universal option.
A rather important parameter is the pitch of the teeth. Too much will reduce productivity and improve cut quality. Many manufacturers indicate this parameter as one of the main ones, the indicator can vary in a very wide range.
The length of the blade is selected depending on the size of the workpiece, as well as the metal tool itself. This indicator varies in the range from 300 to 700 mm. At the time of selection, attention should be paid to ensure that there are no significant defects on the surface. Even after slight bending, the product should regain its shape.
The handle is available in a wide variety of designs. Experts do not recommend giving preference to products with a hollow handle, as it can quickly break. At the time of selection, it is recommended to take the product in hand, it should be comfortable. The handle has recently been made of two materials, due to the combination, a long service life is ensured. Corrugation on the surface reduces the likelihood of slipping during operation.
The type of material used in the manufacture of the main part. The most commonly used alloy is characterized by increased resistance to moisture. Due to this, the operational life is significantly increased.
The tension of the web can be done in a variety of ways. The convenience of using the device, as well as the service life of the canvas used, largely depends on the features of the mechanism used.
When choosing, attention is also paid to functionality. As previously noted, some mechanisms allow tilting the blade or changing the length of the cutting part.

The most important selection criterion is cost. It is not recommended to give preference to budget options, as they will not be able to serve for a long period.

Note that a hacksaw for metal is a basic tool. Even after the appearance of the angle grinder, it is very popular, as it can last for a long period and allows you to process hard-to-reach places. It is recommended to give preference to products of well-known brands, as they will serve for a long period.

A hacksaw for metal is a construction tool that every thrifty owner has. It is difficult to imagine performing any simple chores without using this device. A hacksaw can be actively used in working with various types of materials, therefore it is often called a universal tool. Now the choice of hacksaws is quite extensive and, as a rule, there are no difficulties when choosing such a device. The main thing, when making a purchase, take into account certain characteristics and parameters of hacksaws.

In the construction markets, hacksaws are presented in two main varieties. manual and electric. The hand-held hacksaw can be used anywhere as it is very light and mobile. And most importantly, the instrument’s advantage lies in its low market value. The only negative is the expenditure of additional time and great physical strength in work.

Scheme of work with a hand hacksaw

Subject to certain rules, you can use a hacksaw for metal with the exception of the likelihood of damage. When considering how to properly saw with a hacksaw for metal, we note the following points:

The body must be correctly positioned relative to the body.
A well-fixed blade eliminates the likelihood of various vibrations at the time of work. Too strong fixation may damage the web.
Hold the tool with both hands when cutting. This eliminates the likelihood of displacement of the hacksaw on the metal relative to the treated surface. When moving forward, you need to press the surface harder, while the opposite is true, slightly weaken the pressure, due to which the removal of chips from the cutting site is ensured.
Before carrying out the work directly, it is recommended to fix the workpiece in a vice. This significantly improves the quality of the resulting cut.

On the Internet, you can find a drawing of a hacksaw for metal, which is used to create a homemade structure. However, do not forget that the cost of the tool is relatively low, so it is recommended to purchase it.

Design features of a hacksaw for metal

The design of the device is quite simple. A hacksaw for metal has the form of a C-shaped arc, between the two edges of which the canvas is fixed (stretched). The tool consists of a replaceable blade and a special holding frame. The key part of the hacksaw and its main working element is the blade with teeth.

Each hacksaw element has its own characteristics and features:

Handle. plays a major role in work, especially with regard to comfort when holding for a long time. The best among all types of handles are considered two-component, which are equipped with special rubber inserts. The handle can be placed on the side or on top of the hacksaw. The upper handle position (models without a bulky frame) will be needed when working in hard-to-reach places or for performing painstaking types of work.
Frame. with the help of it the canvas is attached. The frame can be made from a variety of materials. If it is necessary to cut hard workpieces, the frame can be made of high strength composites. The frame design depends on the working conditions. So when cutting metal in poorly accessible places, a hacksaw is used with an adjustment of the angle of inclination of the canvases or a short frame. The frame can be solid or sliding. Preference is usually given to sliding frames, since in their device there is the possibility of attaching hacksaw blades.
The blade is a thin strip of hardened steel. It is the most fragile and thinnest part of the hacksaw. Therefore, when working, it is necessary to be extremely careful and attentive, paying special attention to the details for the fasteners. Carelessness can lead to breakage of an already fragile blade. Wedge-shaped teeth (cutters) are applied to the edge of the blades. When choosing a hacksaw, an important indicator should be taken into account. the presence of hardening of the blade teeth. This can significantly extend the life of the saw and increase its productivity when processing hard materials with a high degree of rigidity. When processing hard metal products, blades with small teeth are used, and for soft ones. with large teeth. Hacksaw blades are available in different materials. It is better to choose bimetallic (painted in any color) or hardened blades (made of nickel-plated stainless steel with teeth. a dark color indicates the degree of their hardening). The blades are fixed in the frame in such a way that its teeth are located in the direction of the opposite side from the handle.

The design features of the tool mainly affect only the ease of use of the hacksaw. The cutting speed and the quality of the cuts made depends mainly on the hacksaw blades.

Types and areas of application of the tool

In the construction market, a hacksaw for metal is found in electric and manual form. The main purpose of the tool is to saw a metal product, as well as to create grooves and some other elements. When using special materials at the time of fabrication of the blade, it can also cut plastic, ceramics, organic glass and other surfaces. Conventionally, a mechanical hacksaw for metal is divided into three main groups:

Home models. This version is very common and is optimal for solving simple tasks. It is characterized by ease of use. To fasten the working blade, a tensioning screw mechanism is installed, which greatly simplifies the process. Do not forget that if the working part has a weak tension, then there is a possibility of serious deformation. A home-type hand hacksaw is much cheaper.
There are also professional hand tools. They are designed for continuous work and high quality cuts. Distinctive characteristics are the presence of a comfortable handle, as well as a special mechanism, due to which the process of changing the working blade is simplified. The purpose is to carry out frequent work on cutting various parts.
A hacksaw handle belongs to a separate category. It is characterized by the fact that it has the shape of a staple. This type of tool does not require much effort. The area of use lies in the processing of hard-to-reach places. The design of a metal hacksaw allows you to install even a broken blade.

There are also electrical appliances on sale, which are characterized by increased performance. Their use is possible only if there is source of electricity.

Design features of a hacksaw for metal

Lever. Today, the handle of a hacksaw for metal in most cases is made of two different components, which ensure a long service life. The shape should be comfortable enough, and the element itself should be placed at the top of the structure or on the side. In most cases, the top location is used when it is necessary to process hard-to-reach places.
Frame. It is designed to take the load, as well as damping vibration at the time of operation. Today, various materials are used in the manufacture of such tool elements. In order to carry out the processing of hard-to-reach places, the structure often has an element due to which the tilt of the web is adjusted. The frame is made in one piece or sliding, the second version of the design allows the installation of the product with different lengths.
The canvas is represented by a hard alloy tape. This element is considered the thinnest and most fragile, represented by a combination of small teeth located relative to each other at a certain distance and angle. At the time of work, be careful, as even minor mistakes can lead to damage. When choosing, attention is paid to the fact that the surface must be hardened, since otherwise the required level of wear resistance cannot be ensured. To increase productivity, a blade with a rare tooth is selected, to increase the quality of a cut with a frequent one. Recently, bimetallic blade has become widespread.

Hacksaw for metal

A fairly common construction tool is a hacksaw for metal. It is used for a wide variety of construction work, it allows you to change the size and shape of a wide variety of materials. Many experts call this tool universal. There is a fairly large number of different hacksaws for metal, all of them are characterized by their own specific features, which we will talk about in more detail later.

Scheme of work with a hand hacksaw

Subject to certain rules, you can use a hacksaw for metal with the exception of the likelihood of damage. When considering how to properly saw with a hacksaw for metal, we note the following points:

The body must be correctly positioned relative to the body.
A well-fixed blade eliminates the likelihood of various vibrations at the time of work. Too strong fixation can damage the blade.
Hold the tool with both hands when cutting. This eliminates the likelihood of displacement of the hacksaw on the metal relative to the treated surface. When moving forward, you need to press the surface harder, while in the opposite direction, slightly weaken the pressure, due to which the removal of chips from the cut.
Before carrying out the work directly, it is recommended to fix the workpiece in a vice. This significantly improves the quality of the resulting cut.

On the Internet, you can find a drawing of a hacksaw for metal, which is used to create a homemade structure. However, do not forget that the cost of the tool is relatively low, so it is recommended to purchase it.

Tool selection criteria

The shape of the tooth is selected depending on the inclination of the cutting edge part. In most cases, a classic form is created during production, since it is a universal option.
A rather important parameter is the pitch of the teeth. Too much will reduce productivity and improve cut quality. Many manufacturers indicate this parameter as one of the main ones, the indicator can vary in a very wide range.
The length of the blade is selected depending on the size of the workpiece, as well as the metal tool itself. This indicator varies in the range from 300 to 700 mm. At the time of selection, attention should be paid to ensure that there are no significant defects on the surface. Even after slight bending, the product should regain its shape.
The handle is available in a wide variety of designs. Experts do not recommend giving preference to products with a hollow handle, as it can quickly break. At the time of selection, it is recommended to take the product in hand, it should be comfortable. The handle has recently been made of two materials, due to the combination, a long service life is ensured. Corrugation on the surface reduces the likelihood of slipping during operation.
The type of material used in the manufacture of the main part. The most commonly used alloy is characterized by increased resistance to moisture. Due to this, the operational life is significantly increased.
The tension of the web can be done in a variety of ways. The convenience of using the device, as well as the service life of the canvas used, largely depends on the features of the mechanism used.
When choosing, attention is also paid to functionality. As previously noted, some mechanisms allow tilting the blade or changing the length of the cutting part.

The most important selection criterion is cost. It is not recommended to give preference to budget options, as they will not be able to serve for a long period.

Sources:

http://stroyremobzor.ru/nozhovka-po-metallu-ruchnaya.html
http://interio-style.ru/napravlenie-zubev-na-nozhovke/
http://stankiexpert.ru/tehnologicheskaya-osnastka/instrument/nozhovka-po-metallu.html

Articles hacksaw, metal