What torque should a screwdriver have

Characteristics influencing the choice of a drill driver

Battery voltage, capacity and type (for cordless drill / screwdriver) The power of the tool depends on the voltage supplied by the battery to power the tool.

The battery capacity determines the operating time of the tool: the higher the capacity, the longer the operating time.

Battery type for device operation: Ni-Cd, Ni-MH, Li-Ion, Li-power and Li-HD.

Nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd) has a low cost, can work in cold weather. Cons: relatively small number of charge / discharge cycles, self-discharge up to 20% per month, memory effect. The Ni-Cd battery must be fully charged / discharged so that the operating time of the tool on a single charge is not reduced.

Nickel-metal hydride (Ni-MH) with the same dimensions as Ni-Cd, has a high capacity and self-discharge from 3 to 7%, reduced memory effect, designed to work in cold weather.

The lithium-ion (Li-Ion) battery does not have a memory effect, self-discharge is about 1% per month, but when working in cold weather, the battery is quickly discharged.

The new generation Li-power and Li-HD batteries can operate at temperatures up to 18 and 30 ° C, respectively, without fast discharge.

When choosing a specific type of battery, we advise you to be guided by whether you already have a cordless tool. In this case, you can choose a drill without batteries and a charger in the kit and save money, and use suitable tools from an existing tool as a power supply.

Maximum torque

The higher the torque, the greater the working range of the tool.

Drill drivers with high torque. from 110 Nm and more. can be used for drilling holes in ice.

Number of speeds
The more speeds, the more efficient the tool. High speed is usually used for drilling holes, low speed for screwing / unscrewing self-tapping screws.

Number of revolutions
The maximum number of engine revolutions per unit of time. Even with low power, the high number of revolutions provides the tool with high productivity.

Number of torque steps
Affects the ability to control the tightening torque. The greater the number of torque steps, the higher the likelihood that all screws and screws will be screwed to the required depth.

Chuck type
Chucks are usually used in screwdrivers:

Reverse
This function changes the direction of rotation of the tool from CW to CW. Used for turning out the rig.

Pulse mode
Only present in the Metabo tool. The essence of the pulse mode is that the spindle rotates with jerks, while a temporary increase in torque occurs. Pulse operation increases tool efficiency.

Backlight
Used for spot illumination of the working area.

Modes of operation
Manufacturers offer impact and hammer drills.

The hammering function makes it easier and faster to drill holes in hard materials, especially in concrete, by means of a rotational-translational motion. But such a tool still loses to a punch in performance. So consider whether you need a hammer drill or better get a cheaper no hammer drill and hammer drill specifically for concrete work.

Maximum drilling diameter
The characteristic shows the maximum possible drilling diameter in wood, in metal.

If, after familiarizing yourself with the characteristics, you still have doubts about choosing a model, be sure to evaluate the ergonomics of the tool: its weight, thickness and shape of the handle, etc. This will help you finally make your choice and purchase a convenient and reliable tool that will last a long time.

How to choose a drill

The drill is one of the most popular construction tools. Without it, it is difficult to imagine not only repairs, but also ordinary everyday situations when you need to hang a shelf or curtain. However, the huge variety of models on the market will easily baffle even a professional repairman, let alone a layman. Therefore, we will try to present the most complete range of drills offered by modern manufacturers, and figure out how to choose the right one from this sea of ​​models.

How to choose a wrench

An impact wrench is a hand tool for working with threaded fasteners of various diameters. It will not be difficult to choose the right model if you know the main characteristics of the tool and its capabilities.

Other articles

Differences between a drill-screwdriver and a conventional drill

The main difference between this tool and a conventional drill is the mandatory presence of the function of screwing in and out of fasteners. Such a tool is very convenient, as it allows you to solve several problems at once.

Most often, screwdrivers are presented on the market in a cordless version. They are convenient, as they allow you to work independently of the electrical network and not get tangled in the wires. There are also electrical models that operate from the mains. Therefore, if you need to work for a long time and not think about when the battery charge runs out, you can choose the mains drill-screwdriver.

How to choose a drill driver

A screwdriver is an indispensable thing for both the repairman and the ordinary user, who from time to time has to drill holes to hang a picture, or assemble an elementary piece of furniture: a shelf or a simple cabinet. Let’s try to figure out what kind of drills there are and how to make the right choice.

Electric drill for home: how to choose

A home drill should be able to do everything, while being comfortable, durable and preferably inexpensive. At home, you often need to screw a shelf to the wall, assemble new furniture or fix old ones, and just make repairs. all this cannot be done without a drill. Let’s look at the main characteristics and features of the tool that will help you make the right choice.

Screwdriver power

The power of cordless models depends on the operating voltage of the battery. It ranges from 1.2 to 36 V.

• For simple work, 3-6 V (Volts) is enough.
• For screwing into wooden beams, plastic and drywall, optimal 10-15 V.
• For drilling hard materials. 18 V minimum.

The more power, the more functionality the screwdriver has. Powerful models are heavier than their “brothers”.

The performance of a tool is directly related to the work of torque (force). The more powerful it is, the more you tighten the screw or drill the hole deeper.

For household chores, screwdrivers of three powers are chosen.

• Stronger: torque 30-40 Nm (Newton meters) and above. Professional models are equipped with torques up to 130 Nm. In addition to twisting, they are equipped with the function of drilling hard surfaces.
• Normal: with a force up to 20 Nm. It is easy for them to unscrew / tighten the bolts and screws on drywall and plastic.
• If only twisted. this is a cordless screwdriver. Its torque is about 10 Newton meters. Suitable for working with small fasteners: repair children’s toys or tighten loosely clamped furniture bolts.

In most screwdrivers, the maximum torque is adjusted using a limiter. a ring with digital divisions located behind the chuck. You will be able to set the optimum torque to tighten the screw. The more graduations the limiter has, the more accurately you will be able to meter the torque element.

Sparky BUR2 10.8Li-C HD: 20 torque steps drilling

To determine the drilling coverage, a separate division is provided. Therefore, the rotational speed in screwdrivers is indicated in two ranges:

• unscrew the screws on a low one. It ranges from 400 to 800 rpm.
• drilled on a high. For professional models, the rotation speed reaches 1300 rpm.

Choosing a screwdriver: for home and for work

The difference between home and work screwdrivers is power and functionality. Accordingly, their tasks are different.

• With the help of household models, you can change the lock, hang a mirror or assemble furniture. They are designed for tightening bolts, screws and self-tapping screws. Designed for short-term operation.
• Professional screwdrivers, in addition to screwing, are equipped with the function of drilling hard surfaces. They are tough: able to work non-stop for eight hours, five days a week.

Choose screwdrivers for two parameters.

How to choose a screwdriver

Battery type

The battery determines how quickly the tool is discharged. And if the question has become an edge: “How to choose a cordless screwdriver?”. it is worth dealing with the types of batteries.

• Li-Ion (lithium-ion). they have the highest power and, in comparison with other batteries, the largest number of charges. up to three thousand times. They are lightweight, charge fast and have no memory effect. To extend the life of the battery, do not fully charge / discharge it, keep it half charged. There is only one drawback:

• works intermittently in the cold.

Rotational speed

One of the indicative values, since the lower it is, the more torque the tool can develop, all other things being equal. It should not be confused with the number of engine revolutions, which are always higher and must be taken into account when it comes to choosing a drill-driver. Almost all models have electronic adjustment of engine speed from zero to maximum, which varies from manufacturer to manufacturer, but usually is in the range of 1000-3000 rpm. The rotation speed can also have several stages of adjustment and is 200.500 rpm.

Scope and types

The functions of all screwdrivers are approximately the same, the difference lies only in the effectiveness of their implementation. Household tools are able to perform all repair and construction work at home, in the garage or in the country. They have a decent effort (10.20 Nm) and power, are equipped with inexpensive batteries and a simple charger, their cost is low, and reliability is enough to build a house and even hang pictures in it.

A professional tool is distinguished not so much by the richness of functionality, but by a much wider range of possibilities for its implementation. For example, the “prof” Makita screwdriver boasts a torque of 150.170 Nm. This is enough to tighten fasteners of any length and diameter imaginable.

And for installing drywall, when you need to screw several thousand small self-tapping screws during an 8-hour shift, there is an inexpensive cordless screwdriver with a rotational speed of 4000-6000 rpm and a small torque.

Will the potential of this level be in demand for solving the tasks you face? over, it goes without saying that the price of a professional tool is several times higher than that of a household one, due to the complexity of the design and the use of more expensive materials. Perhaps a brand-name electric screwdriver with decent performance will be fine for you.?

• The cordless screwdriver in the standard version has a torque of about 3.6 Nm, a rotation speed of 200 to 800 rpm and is capable of performing most of the housework. Its value is especially manifested in those moments when it is necessary to screw in and unscrew medium-sized fasteners in hard-to-reach places, since its weight (300.500 g) and small dimensions sometimes allow you to repair furniture without moving it away from the wall;

• drill screwdriver. it is not just a combination of two functions in one body, but getting a qualitatively different instrument. Firstly, it allows you to carry out not only assembly, but also drilling work. over, both in soft material and steel. over, by choosing a drill-driver of relatively low power, you can work with extremely large fasteners.

To do this, it is enough to pre-drill a hole, the diameter and length of which is less than the screw-in self-tapping screw. It will enter the prepared place like clockwork, even if the torque of the drill-screwdriver is small.

The only caveat: you need to choose a model with an engine speed of at least one and a half to two thousand per minute. Another advantage that a drill with a screwdriver function possesses is the possibility of implementing a shock mode in its design. This allows you to drill brick and concrete walls, which makes this tool a universal assistant for almost all occasions;

• nutrunners are designed for tightening / loosening bolts and nuts of various sizes. The characteristic feature of this type of tool is the enormous torque. up to 1000 Nm and the presence of an impact function that helps to unscrew large-sized or “stuck” nuts. They are used at service stations, in tire shops at the assembly shops of enterprises.

However, convenient, effective and inexpensive nutrunners with a torque of 200.300 Nm are also in demand in a personal garage if you know how to do a lot and want to do it yourself.

How to choose a screwdriver

10-15 years ago, when assembling cabinet furniture at home, dropsy or even calluses on the hands of the head of the family were an inevitable option. Everything was twisted with a screwdriver, thoroughly and with effort, but I wanted to assemble it quickly, so the result was obvious, or rather, on the palms, especially on the right.

Soon, electric screwdrivers appeared, which provided significant assistance in such cases. But a real helper. the screwdriver has become strong, reliable, fast, productive. This article is devoted to its design, operating features and selection criteria.

Reverse

The forward and reverse switch button can be two- or three-position. In the second case, in addition to changing the direction of rotation of the cartridge, being in the middle position, it electronically blocks the engine from accidental switching on.

The presence of a reverse for a full-fledged screwdriver is mandatory, otherwise the function of unscrewing the fasteners will not be implemented.

Cartridge types

The key chuck is practically not found in the design of the screwdriver, even high-speed drills are equipped with quick-clamping chucks, which allow you to easily and quickly change the bit with a hex shank to a conventional drill. Chucks with the type of fastening “hexagon” and “square” are very convenient. True, the latter are used mainly for wrenches.

In the design of the chuck, it is important to have a button that mechanically blocks the chuck from turning when changing nozzles. This allows for one-handed bit change. The double clutch performs the same function in the absence of a locking latch.

Criterias of choice

Having familiarized yourself with the main types of screwdrivers, their modifications and capabilities, it makes sense to figure out what the essence of the main parameters by which they are characterized.

Device and purpose

The average consumer, when choosing a power tool, pays impermissibly little attention to its design. But in vain. As for the screwdriver, at first glance, it is ridiculously simple: a DC motor transmits rotation to a gearbox, to the output shaft of which a keyless chuck is attached to hold bits of various profiles. An annular clutch is also located here, with the help of which the maximum torque for this type of work is set.

In the handle of the pistol-shaped body there is a built-in power button, which, as a rule, is integrated with an electronic speed controller. The rotation speed of the electric motor depends on the degree of pressing the button. Nearby there is a lever for switching to reverse motion (if you need to unscrew the fasteners). That’s the whole simple layout with a minimum set of parts.

However, choosing a screwdriver based only on ease of operation and electrical characteristics is not entirely correct. First of all, you need to decide how it will be used: as an industrial or home tool. Then compare the cost and main parameters: torque, number of revolutions, source of power. And in that order of priority. This will already be the most objective assessment, after which you can safely pay for the purchase.

Torque

The amount of torque is the result of the interaction of several components: reducer, power and engine speed. Using a good gearbox, you can get a torque from a 100-watt engine with 3000 rpm that a half-kilowatt motor at 500 rpm cannot give.

This is a defining parameter that should be paid attention to when choosing a screwdriver for the intended type of work. It shows how much force can be applied to the screw head to tighten it. For most tools for home use, this figure is in the range of 10.20 Nm, while professional models can have about 200 Nm.

Since the manipulation of thick and long fasteners requires more effort than thin and short ones, a maximum torque limiter is provided in the design of the screwdriver. Indeed, in real work it is difficult to catch the moment when the self-tapping screw is already screwed in and you need to release the switch button. The limiter is a graduated ring, the rotation of which is set by the moment of actuation of the disconnecting coupling.

Thanks to such a system, you can set a force that will allow the self-tapping screw to be tightened to the required depth, and then it will not move: due to the increased resistance, the chuck with the bat will stop, although the shaft will rotate with slipping along the ratchet mechanism until you release the switch trigger.

The choice of a screwdriver with a torque regulator will protect the motor from jamming and overheating, bits and fasteners from “licking” the splines.

Screwdriver models

The screwdriver is the most commonly used tool that is indispensable for construction and repair activities. Manufacturers today offer a variety of models that can be applied under different conditions. This tool is convenient for manual work, it is necessary for tightening / unscrewing screws, screws, self-tapping screws, for drilling and even for stirring building mixtures.

By power source, the tool is classified into:

The cordless screwdriver is powered by the supplied battery.

• Rechargeable models powered by special batteries. They increase the weight of the tool, but make it easier to work in hard-to-reach places.
• Network devices that require connection to the electrical network. They have a limited reach due to the length of the cord, although extension cords can be used.

By purpose, the equipment can be divided into:

• models for construction / renovation work;
• for production shops, workshops, auto repair shops;
• for industrial enterprises;
• for household use.

There are professional, semi-professional, household models on sale. When choosing, attention should be paid to the torque, which shows what kind of work the screwdriver can handle.

Ratio of torque and screw diameter

When choosing a cordless or mains screwdriver, it is important to correctly determine the ratio of screw diameter and speed. This dependence is not too difficult to determine:

To tighten screws of different diameters, different speeds are required.

• If the diameter of the screw is 6 mm, then the rotational speed during screwing in will be 10 Nm. For structurally soft or hard materials, the frequency will be 25 Nm.
• If the diameter of the screw is 7 mm, then the torque when working with hard materials will be 27 Nm, and for soft materials. 11 Nm.
• With a maximum screw diameter of 8 mm, the torque will be 30 Nm.

What does this ratio show? It is possible to determine which torque can be used for a given working screw diameter. The correct choice will not only make the work more efficient, but will also increase the quality, reliability and durability of the equipment. The operation will be completed much faster, the operator will spend less effort.

In network equipment, high power has little effect on the operation process, and batteries drain quickly. Therefore, it is necessary to have spare batteries and the ability to recharge those already planted. Usually, manufacturers provide spare batteries for professional tools, but for simpler models, at least one battery will have to be purchased separately. When choosing a screwdriver, it is necessary to take into account the presence of one more function. the reverse motion. It is necessary when the drill is stuck in the material. This reverse is usually electronic; to control it, you should use a two-position switch, which is located near the start button.

What is meant by torque?

Cordless screwdriver device.

Torque is a value that allows you to determine the level of stress on the equipment. Which option should you choose? It is usually 5-10 Nm, which is quite enough for safe and high-quality operation of the tool. This parameter is provided for most household and semi-professional models that can easily cope with tight self-tapping screws, drilling steel, concrete.

What should be the torque? You should pay attention to what the tool will be. For example, for a universal device, it is necessary to choose rather high torque values ​​so that the tool copes equally well with any type of work, be it self-tapping screws or structurally rigid materials. If you need a tool only for drilling wood, then you can prefer a model with a small moment from among the household ones. When choosing, you should pay attention to the number of revolutions. For example, 400-500 is enough for screwing in self-tapping screws. For drilling hard surfaces, it is best to use devices with a speed of 1200-1300 per minute.

What should be the torque of the screwdriver?

The torque of a screwdriver is a significant parameter that you need to pay attention to when choosing. Be sure to take into account whether the tool will be used for homework or professional. There are various models on sale today that differ in their characteristics.

There are many models of screwdrivers from various manufacturers on the construction market, which differ depending on the power source, parts and functions.

Which torque is better?

A screwdriver is a tool that is necessary for carrying out various kinds of work. This is not only construction, but also many home repair work, for example, assembling furniture, installing communications. In order to choose the right equipment, attention should be paid to the torque, which determines the comfort and quality of work. For example, you don’t need too powerful a tool to assemble furniture. If you plan to install an interior partition, then you need to take more professional equipment that will perfectly cope with the task.

Drills and screwdrivers are used to mix building mixtures, you just need to purchase a construction mixer nozzle.

The torque of such tools must be sufficient to mix even the most viscous mixtures and solutions, to ensure their uniformity, high quality.

For mixing concrete and other viscous mixtures, special nozzles are used.

If you want to use mortar nozzles, the torque must be sufficient to handle mixtures of not only low viscosity, but also high. The choice of model depends on the planned work. If a screwdriver is required to be used for mixing liquid mixtures, then the torque may not be too high. If the tool is purchased for working with viscous mixtures, then it is necessary to already prefer professional devices, the turnover of which is high.

Equipment that will be used for a variety of jobs must have a speed controller. Then the torque can be changed depending on what kind of work needs to be done. When choosing a screwdriver, you need to look to ensure that the latch for the control button always works, and not only with maximum effort. In the first case, the tool can be used for any work with the most convenient conditions. The torque value can be changed. It is recommended to buy models that have manual or electronic control. They have a dedicated step-down transformer that works great with liquid mixes when the voltage drops.

What to do when working with viscous mixtures is required?

It is not so rare that a screwdriver with an impact function is used for mixing viscous mixtures. To do this, you should choose equipment with high power, since ordinary household ones already with the assigned work may not be able to cope, the effort will not be enough. The torque of this device must be high, i.e. you should buy professional equipment. It is possible to use mechanical built-in gearboxes, they make it possible to use the equipment even at 1st speed. It is necessary to provide a cooling system, it is important to prevent overheating of the motor.

If a screwdriver will be used to assemble shelves or install a conventional cornice, then more power is not needed, the torque will not matter much. If the equipment is purchased for frequent use, and it will be necessary to perform various work related to the preparation of mortars, then you must choose from semi-professional and professional tools. They will provide all the required conditions for high-quality work.

Choosing a home screwdriver, you need to pay attention to its numerous parameters. You should immediately decide whether you need a professional tool or not a very powerful household one. After that, you should familiarize yourself with the proposed set of functions, technical characteristics, among which torque takes an important place.

What torque is needed for a screwdriver?

• Tool types
• Torque. what is it?
• Ratio to screw diameter
• Which is better?
• Working with viscous mixtures

Tool types

A screwdriver is an important tool that no construction or repair work can do without. On the modern market, all available types are sold, used for different purposes. This device is especially useful for small household chores. With its help, it is easy to tighten and unscrew fasteners (screws, screws, self-tapping screws), drill, and also mix glue or putty.

By type of power supply, all screwdrivers are divided into:

• Rechargeable, battery operated. Because of them, the weight of the screwdriver becomes larger, but the approach to uncomfortable places is much easier.
• Networked: functioning when connected to an outlet. Due to the power cable, they have a short range, which can be increased by using an extension cord.

Also screwdrivers are divided into groups by purpose. Among them stand out:

• Devices for construction or renovation tasks;
• Screwdrivers for workshops, car centers, manufacturing workshops;
• Tools for industrial plants and factories;
• Models for household (home) use.

Which is better?

A screwdriver is considered a device adapted to perform several types of work. It is useful not only in construction. You can effectively use this device for household purposes: assembling furniture, laying heating pipes and electrical communications. For the correct selection of the tool, they look at the torque, which affects the convenience and quality of the result. For example, a simple screwdriver is suitable for assembling cabinets, and when installing interior ceilings, it is better to purchase a professional powerful model.

Also, screwdrivers (like drills) are often used for mixing building mixtures. To use this function, you will have to additionally purchase a mixer-shaped attachment. This job also requires a lot of torque. If you choose equipment with low power, you will not be able to create a sufficiently viscous, homogeneous mixture or a high-quality solution.

If the screwdriver is planned to be used for different types of work, then it has a speed regulator. When using it, the torque is changed by the master according to the specific type of task. In the process of buying a tool, they also look at the control button lock. It should work constantly, and not only at the moment of pressing, this will provide additional convenience when using the tool.

Below is a table with the characteristics of some screwdrivers, including the maximum torque:

Important! To change the torque, craftsmen choose a model with manual or electronic control. There is a step-down transformer in it, which is necessary to change the voltage during operation with liquid mixtures.

Ratio to screw diameter

When purchasing a screwdriver, you should also focus on the ratio of the screw diameter and speed. It is quite simple to do this:

• For a 6 mm screw, the rotation speed during the tightening process will be 10 Nm. If the structure of the material is very soft or rigid, then the frequency will increase to 25 Nm.
• For a 7 mm screw, the torque is 27 Nm for hard surfaces and 11 Nm for soft surfaces.
• For an 8 mm screw (maximum value), a torque of 30 Nm is used.

Choosing the right speed will not only allow you to work more efficiently. It also ensures the high quality, reliability and durability of the screwdriver. With more torque, tasks are completed faster and the foreman does not put much effort.

For mains powered tools, the rotational power has little effect on performance. But battery models sit down much faster. This is why it is recommended for professional tools to carry a spare battery or quick charger with you at all times. When buying professional tools, spare batteries are usually included in the kit, but owners of household models will have to purchase them on their own.

Important! When buying a tool, it is worth paying attention to the presence of the reverse motion mode, it will help free the attachments during jamming. On screwdrivers, reversals are electronic; to turn them on, two-position switches located next to the start key are used.

Torque. what is it?

Torque is an indicator by which you can set the force of the load on the screwdriver.

Usually it is in the range of 5 to 10 Nm, which allows you to quickly, efficiently and without problems get the job done.

This load is used for household and semi-professional models.

She easily drills metal plates, screws in large self-tapping screws, and also works with concrete.

How much torque does a screwdriver need to work well? This is determined by the purpose of the instrument. For example, for a universal device, it is better to choose the maximum indicator. This will allow him to work equally well with screws and hard materials.

Working with viscous mixtures

If during work you plan to use a screwdriver for mixing mixtures, then it is better to purchase a device with high power. It will be difficult for simple household models to complete this task. Stirring requires a lot of torque, which is only found in professional devices. You can additionally use mechanical built-in gearboxes, they will be able to get a high-quality result even in the first mode. Also, a cooling system is provided in advance to avoid the likelihood of engine failure.

For everyday screwing of shelves or fixing curtain rods, a powerful screwdriver is not required, for these tasks the torque is not important. But if you need frequent use of a screwdriver for several types of tasks, you should opt for a professional or semi-professional model.

When buying a screwdriver for home use, several factors and parameters are taken into account at once. They decide in advance whether a professional model is needed, or you can get by with a simple household tool. This will help you plan your budget. Then you will have to study the functionality of the selected device, technical characteristics. Focus on torque.

Main technical characteristics of cordless drills

1.1. Torque

It characterizes the force of the electric motor forcing the chuck shaft to rotate. The higher it is, the denser material you can work with, the easier it is to tighten fasteners, tighten long self-tapping screws and unscrew jammed nuts. The torque values ​​in a household tool, which are used at home for one-time tasks, are quite sufficient in the range of 10. 15 Nm. With professional 2- and 3-speed cordless screwdrivers, this parameter exceeds 130 Nm to easily cope with drilling in very hard materials. Semi-professional models are capable of developing this indicator up to 50. 80 Nm. For example, with a torque of 80 Nm, the tool can be used to screw self-tapping screws into metal.

When working with different types of fasteners, it is not so much effort that is important as delicacy. The torque value is selected depending on the diameter and length of the fastener and the material to be worked with. The design of the tool specifically for this purpose provides a torque limiter. a ring located after the chuck (Fig. The device of cordless drills-screwdrivers). In order not to rip off the head of the self-tapping screw or the slot and save the bits, set the required value on the ring before screwing in the fasteners. As soon as the fasteners are screwed in and the desired value is reached, the chuck stops, although the engine continues to rotate. Incorrectly set torque threatens with a torn slot or head of the fastener, its sinking too deep into the surface and wear of the bit. The torque limitation is set in steps. according to the division on the ring, corresponding to the rotation mode and force, so that the user has the opportunity to fine-tune the tool for a specific task. For household models, the number of steps can be 10, for professional models. up to 20.

1.2. Rotational speed

Shows the number of spindle revolutions per minute and defines the range of tasks that are performed at different speeds. The harder the material, the higher the rotation speed characteristic should be, the higher the rotation speed, the easier it is for the tool to cope with drilling. The parameter is directly related to the scope of use. It is not so much the maximum performance that is important here, but the ability to choose the operating mode. Firstly, it allows you to tune the tool to perform a specific task, and secondly, it makes it possible to save battery power. The drill driver can have 1, 2, 3 or 4 speeds. The first is the lowest, used to work with fasteners. For example, 400. 450 rpm is sufficient for screwing in screws when installing hinges on a kitchen cabinet door. The second and third speeds are included when the tool is used as a drill. For drilling, an indicator of 1000 rpm is required.

1.3. Battery specifications

Determine the principle of operation of cordless drills and screwdrivers and affect the power of the tool and the duration of work. The type of battery and its parameters determine the duration of operation on a single charge, the speed of its discharge, the risk of heating during operation, and even the convenience of the tool in principle. When choosing a battery, they look at its resistance to self-discharge, low temperatures and the memory effect.

Battery type

• They have no memory effect, are not subject to self-discharge, but lithium-ion batteries are more sensitive to cold than other types. They are characterized by increased capacity, low weight and high price. The number of charge / discharge cycles is 3 times more than that of nickel-cadmium.
• They are cheap, so they are more common than others, they are not afraid of frost, but they have a strong self-discharge and have a memory effect nickel-cadmium batteries. They must be completely discharged before storing and recharging, otherwise their capacity will decrease. By the way, these batteries are toxic in production and difficult to dispose of.
• Eco-friendly in production and easy to dispose of, without memory effect and self-discharge, with small dimensions and weight, nickel-metal hydride batteries are not resistant to low temperatures and have a high price. Must be fully charged before storage, unlike previous batteries.

The capacity indicates the potential of the battery, i.e. the time during which it will be able to supply the load. The larger this value, the longer the operation of the screwdriver will be without recharging. Battery capacity decreases over time.

The voltage is summed at the output, since the battery consists of several power supplies connected by plates. The higher the voltage, the longer the drill will run at maximum speed.

1.4. Additional tool functions

If structures are to be dismantled, for example, the reverse function makes it possible without serious effort to unscrew the fasteners or release a drill that is stuck in the material. When drilling bricks and lightweight concrete, the impact function is indispensable. In impulse mode, the tool is jerky. The inrush current principle significantly increases the torque. However, this mode, like the shock mode, quickly wears out the motor, so it is not recommended to use them often and a lot. The coasting brake allows the engine to stop running immediately after the engaging button is released. This eliminates the inertial run of the cartridge and makes the work more convenient: you can immediately proceed to the next self-tapping screw, and not wait a few seconds until it stops completely to get into the slot. Add-ons such as automatic spindle lock for easy tool change, built-in backlight, battery indicator are no longer features of a professional tool. they just make the work user-friendly and are present in most models.

Cordless Drill Specifications

The wide scope of application of the tool is due to the advantages, including mobility, which means the ability to work in any hard-to-reach places without being connected to the mains, and low weight. The cordless drill is used for screwing and unscrewing screws, bolts, screws, screws, tightening dowels and anchors. The tool is effective for drilling soft and hard wood, plastic, drywall, soft metals. If the drill is equipped with an impact function, it can cope with the stuck fasteners and drill holes in brick and concrete. With the help of special nozzles, the old paint is removed with the tool, the surfaces are cleaned and polished. Like most types of tools, screwdrivers are divided into professional. models with high technical characteristics and significant resource, and household, designed for light loads from time to time. In order to choose a tool that will meet your expectations and spent funds, we will understand the device and the range of performance.

The device of modern models and their principle of operation

Drilling and screwing fasteners requires short time intervals and relatively low power input. In such an intermittent mode, when the phases of work and rest alternate, cordless drills are preferable. Very small and easy to handle, they may differ slightly in design, namely, in the position of the handle. The figure below shows a model with a center of gravity handle, which is the most common for this tool. And the pistol grip, shifted back, is considered more ergonomic for drilling.

Under the housing there is an electric motor, a gearbox, a chuck and a battery. The new generation tools are equipped with a modern brushless motor. These are motors without brushes, which are the main wear parts. Therefore, this design contributes to higher efficiency and a longer service life. The principle of operation of cordless drills begins with the operation of the engine. From it, the shaft begins to move through the gearbox. A metal gearbox is essential if you are choosing a tool for intensive, hard work with maximum load. The metal is better at dissipating heat, which ultimately has a beneficial effect on the durability of the tool. A plastic gearbox can be found both in cheap household models and in semi-professional ones, so be guided by the intended job. A chuck with a nozzle fixed in it is set in motion by means of a shaft. In cordless drills, as well as in a cordless tool, two principles of fixing the equipment are implemented. To install the drill into the key chuck, you need a special toothed key. In the chuck, the sleeve is tightened by hand without much effort on the part of the user. As you can see, the internal circuit of cordless drills is simple. As for operation, before starting work, check whether the battery is charged, install the desired nozzle and set the performance with a torque limiter. By the way, the clutch can be locked with an additional switch position. In this position, the torque is maximum and is required, for example, to create holes of large diameter or great depth. It should be remembered that the modes are set on the instrument only when it is turned off; during operation, no settings are made.

Choosing a cordless drill for home or work? Our site contains a huge selection of household and professional class models for furniture assembly, construction and finishing works, inexpensive options for home repairs. You can compare the characteristics yourself, look at articles, call the manager for advice. Make your choice, and let the tool be a faithful assistant for you in the implementation of your plans.

Screwdriver, how to choose

One of the most common tools among craftsmen is a screwdriver. In terms of popularity, it is located, perhaps, immediately behind the drill, although it includes some of its functions. The main purpose of this tool is to screw in screws, or rather to screw in self-tapping screws.

Let’s take a look at the basic requirements to consider when choosing a screwdriver. They are divided into two main types, and these are network, operating from a 220 volt household network, and rechargeable, respectively, from a battery. Since network screws are not widely used, we will not specifically consider them, but just say that many selection parameters automatically become relevant for network screwdrivers.

How many volts should the screwdriver be?
The battery voltage of a screwdriver directly affects its power. From the course of school physics, we know that power is equal to the product of voltage and current. It follows from this that the higher the operating voltage of the battery, the higher the power of the device. Of the screwdrivers on the market, battery voltages are 6, 12, 18, 24 and 36 volts. This voltage is always indicated by the manufacturer on the product label.

How many watts should a screwdriver be?
This issue was partially covered in the previous paragraph. But it is worth summing up, the more powerful the screwdriver, the more comfortable it is to work with it. It should be borne in mind that the power of the device must correspond to the battery. The capacity of the battery must be calculated for the energy consumption of the motor, which is built into the screwdriver. If the ratios are wrong, you can end up draining your battery quickly. It should also be noted that the more powerful the device and the more powerful the power source, the higher the weight and dimensions of the tool. Well, as a result. a higher price of a screwdriver. If we consider the power of the battery, then most likely it is more correct to say not the power, but the capacity of the battery. It is measured in ampere hours and denoted as Ah.

Screwdriver, with which battery to choose?
In household appliances and tools, there are three types of unattended batteries: nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd). Nickel metal hydride (Ni-MH) and lithium-ion (Li-Ion). The first and second have a huge disadvantage. memory. Over time, these types of batteries do not fully charge and discharge. This results in a loss of cell power, or, quite simply, the loss of our precious ampere hours. In addition, the average number of charges and discharges is 1000 cycles. With intensive use of the tool, the batteries will quickly fail. There are various ways to resuscitate such containers, but this is quite problematic, and they are not fully restored and not for a long time. Lithium batteries do not have a memory effect, but they do not tolerate extreme temperatures well. But such batteries are more durable and much lighter than their counterparts. The payback for owning a lithium-ion battery will be the higher cost of a screwdriver.

What should be the moment in a screwdriver?
An explanation is needed here. This refers to the tightening torque of the screwdriver, or rather, the torque. For car enthusiasts, the expression “torque” is probably familiar. In order not to burden you with definitions, I will simply say. the tightening torque is the maximum constant load on the screwdriver, at which the device can continue to screw in at a constant speed. The higher the torque, the longer and thicker the screws you can drive into walls and other obstacles. The moment is measured in newtons per meter and is abbreviated as Nm. It is advisable not to buy screwdrivers with a torque below 10-12 Nm.

Screwdriver, with which rotation speed to choose?
Here you have to define for yourself. If you want to use the device only for driving screws, then this is one thing, and if there is a desire or need to drill something inadvertently, then this device should have completely different characteristics. Speaking about the characteristics, we will mean the rotor speed. For standard screwdrivers, it is about 750 rpm. There are also two-speed models that can be more expensive, but here you already get two speed ranges. For example 750 and 1200 revolutions. Is second speed really important for a screwdriver? It’s hard to say, because the work in either case will be done. With small volumes of screwing, you will not feel this at all, but the screwdriver in the role of a drill has already completely flashed on the horizon. But here again, the speed of a full-featured drill averages 2400 rpm. If your screwdriver is capable of this, then good. The opposite situation is when they want to get a screwdriver from a drill. This will not really be an equivalent exchange, since the drill does not have a friction clutch. A clutch is a device that is configured to operate at a certain torque value. If you tighten small self-tapping screws, then set the trigger moment less. Otherwise, at a big moment, the screwdriver will drive the self-tapping screw so deep that this can cause rejection of the wall, board and other parts into which this screw was screwed. The drill has no friction clutch by default.

Is it worth taking a screwdriver with a punch function?
A hammer drill is a function of a drill and it serves to drill stubborn surfaces such as concrete, brick, etc. If you want your screwdriver to work even for a good drill, then feel free to purchase a model with such a “twist”. Otherwise, this is a redundant function and should not be overpayed for. Be sure to read the article Why isn’t concrete being drilled? Drills burn and break.

Screwdriver, which one to choose?
precisely, the question posed sounds like a screwdriver of which manufacturer to choose. In this situation, the choice is up to you. We have discussed all of these selection factors. You just have to proceed from the parameters of convenience, price and personal sympathy. We will not list famous brands and tell you about their advantages and disadvantages. You work with the instrument. Take a look. whether it is comfortable to lie in your hand, whether it will not be heavy when performing long work, etc. We are sure you will get what you need!