Hacksaw For Metal Teeth Which Way

Specialized

Especially for the operation of aerated concrete, a special specialized structure with victorious solders was developed. This tool provides a harder penetration into the surface and faster cuts in tough materials. Such a hacksaw is quite suitable for both transverse and longitudinal sawing.

Varieties of teeth

Tips for choosing a hacksaw

When choosing any tool, regardless of the material for which it is intended for sawing, pay attention to the size of the teeth. The larger they are, the faster it will be possible to cut the required workpiece. In this case, the quality of the cut will turn out to be rather rough, while large sawdust will form. Small cutters will allow you to get the most even surface, while the sawing process will take much longer. Delay is associated with complications of sawdust removal and lower penetration efficiency.

It is also worth noting that the ease of use depends on the handle. The softer and more pleasant it is in the hand, the easier it will be to use the tool. The best are rubberized grips. They DO NOT slip, but also significantly reduce chafing.

The hacksaw is one of the most ancient tools. It appeared much earlier than the modification for working with metals. There are several varieties of it:

Classic.
Circumferential.
Prickly.

Prickly

Also called a backing or butting tool, this is a specific tool, the main purpose of which is to remove protruding spikes and grooves. These saws are used by carpenters and joiners to obtain a clean and smooth cut. The blade of this tool is the thinnest, so the cut is thin. In order for the canvas to constantly NOT bend on the side opposite to the incisors, a brush clings, increasing the rigidity. Due to the presence of a butt, it is impossible to make a deep cut wider than the height of the blade. Such a tool has fine teeth in the shape of an isosceles triangle. It is used exclusively for cross cutting. The thickness of the working part does not exceed 1-1.5 mm.

For cross cut

A hacksaw with straight teeth is used. This tool is a great choice for trimming planks or cutting branches in the garden. It is he who is suitable for harvesting firewood or shortening the handle for a shovel. The vast majority of all hand sawing equipment for wood is transverse.

Classic

Also called wide or regular, this is a standard hand sawing tool. It is intended for longitudinal or transverse cuts. It can be used to shorten a board or cut a branch. These are standard carpentry and joiner tools. Such a saw provides a fast cut, while the cut is rather rough and large chips are formed. Its teeth are triangular in shape, the pitch between them is from 1.5 to 6.5 mm.

Hacksaw for wood

Wood is a specific material that can be difficult to cut depending on the direction. In this regard, hacksaws are divided into three categories:

For longitudinal cuts.
For cross cut.
Universal.
Specialized.

Hacksaw for metal manual its purpose types and how to choose

The demand for hand hacksaws for metal remains relevant, since this type of tool has many advantages and only one drawback. This is the first tool invented by man for cutting metal blanks. Today, in the arsenal of every self-honoring master there is at least one variant among the different types of this instrument. A hacksaw for metal popular because the tool is always ready to work in the absence of an angle grinder and electricity.

Design parameters of hand saws for metal

The hand saw looks quite simple for metal:

The base or frame “U”.shaped, mostly made of metal
Handle of various shapes for handcraft
Blade for metal for a hand saw or a cutting element fixed at the edges of the frame

These are the main elements that make up hacksaws for metal. An important detail is the blade, which has a characteristic serrated appearance. Fine teeth are specially designed for working with hard materials.

The canvas is fixed on the frame. Alloy steel is used to make the frame. Frames come in different types, shapes and designs. Professional hand-held devices have the function of adjusting the angle of inclination of the blades. There are such options for frames, which are able to move apart. This function in the tool allows the installation of cutting elements of different lengths.

The handle is also an important component, as it is able to provide the convenience and comfort of the tool. Handles come in different shapes, and are also made of such materials. wood, metal, plastic. The simplest handle is made of wood, and devices of a two-component composition are considered to be the most comfortable: metal and rubber insert.

The blade for a hand hacksaw for metal is a thin strip that is made of hard types of steel and has different lengths. There are wedge-shaped teeth on one or both sides. The hacksaw blade is the most fragile element of the tool, therefore, when working, it is important to control the rigidity of its fastening. Cutting elements for hand saws are made according to the method of heat treatment of teeth, which allows to extend the service life of the product.

When choosing a canvas, attention is paid to its length. The length of the blade can be from 10 cm to 70 cm. The classic mechanical hand saw for metal allows the use of blades 30 cm long, since it is these dimensions of the tool that are the most comfortable and convenient for work.

What are hand saws for metal?

Hand saws for metal are intended for cutting metal materials. This is not the only purpose of the tool, since it has proven itself well in relation to materials such as plastic, chipboard, foam plastic, expanded polystyrene, plexiglass, ceramics, laminate.

The saw in question for sawing metal is a very necessary tool in the household, because in the absence of an angle grinder, it can always help in this situation. saw off the head of an oxidized bolt or saw through a steel wire. The big disadvantage of such a tool is the high expenditure of physical strength and time. The presence of small teeth affects the time to achieve the result. To obtain a result, the master requires the application of Not only titanic strength, but also patience. The result of long and hard work with the tool is the most accurate result, which sometimes surpasses the cut of an angle grinder.

How to properly saw with a hand hacksaw for metal

A hand saw for metal requires the master to comply with the following operating rules:

Taking the correct stance to the master. Feet should be well resting on the floor, and the work with the device is performed exclusively with two hands, so initially take care that the workpiece is securely fixed in the jaws of the vice
Reliable fixation of the web. Hacksaw blades are very fragile, so if the product “fidgets” from side to side with poor fastening, then at one point it will simply break
Correct saw movements. To cut a part, you need not only to hold the tool correctly, but also to work with it. The tool is pressed against the workpiece when moving forward, and when it is returned to the opposite position, the pressure is released. If you do not reduce the clamping pressure during the backward movement of the tool, the blade teeth will quickly become dull.

Types of hand saws for metal

There are the following types of hacksaws for metal:

Homemade. The simplest options, which are available in the set of each master. Such devices are considered an outdated option, but their production continues to this day. The advantage of THESE tools is their simplicity of design. The handle is made of wood, and is located in the same plane with the canvas
Professional are intended for use during long-term work. Such products are equipped with a more comfortable handle, which in addition is rubberized. Some expensive models are equipped with a mechanism for adjusting the angle of the cutting part during operation.
Mini hacksaws or metal saws have a special shape that differs from the first two types. Such products are intended for use only when there are difficulties with access to the cut part. The device has the shape of a knife with an additional blade fixation point. The handle is made of plastic and metal with rubber

Choosing a tool or what you need Pay attention

To choose the best hand saw for metal, pay attention to the following parameters:

Length of tools and blades. The canvases have different lengths, but if a device is selected, then you need to take one that is convenient to work with. If the tool is selected for a specific purpose, then remember that the length of the hacksaw should be 2 times the length of the part being cut
Lever. To choose the best device, you need to take several models and hold them in your hand. The difference is immediately felt, as some of the handles are awkward. It is better not to take tools with hollow handles, as they are NOT reliable. The handle should be comfortable and fit well
Canvas. The main characteristics of the blades are: tooth shape and pitch. Depending on which part will be sawn, the corresponding saw blades are selected. Since few people pay attention to this at home, it is better to take several different products
Cost. The price depends on the quality and functionality
Manufacturer. If you are strict about the selection of tools, then pay attention to the models of well-known manufacturers. A popular brand specializing in the manufacture of hand tools is IRWIN

Such a reliable tool as a hacksaw for metal is necessary in the household, so it is worth considering its choice responsibly and competently. After using the blade, it is worth throwing it away, as it can be suitable for the manufacture of additional tools: knives, cutters, compasses and even chisels (provided that the teeth are not worn out or dull). It all depends on the imagination of the master, so it is never too late to start implementing ideas, and do not forget to share your inventions with others. The tells about the correct operation of hand hacksaws for metal, which will also be useful and interesting to learn.

How to properly saw with a hand hacksaw for metal

A hand saw for metal requires the master to comply with the following operating rules:

Taking the correct stance to the master. Feet should be well resting on the floor, and the work with the device is performed exclusively with two hands, so initially take care that the workpiece is securely fixed in the jaws of the vice
Reliable fixation of the web. Hacksaw blades are very fragile, so if the product “fidgets” from side to side with poor fastening, then at one point it will simply break
Correct saw movements. To cut a part, you need not only to hold the tool correctly, but also to work with it. The tool is pressed against the workpiece when moving forward, and when it is returned to the opposite position, the pressure is released. If you do not reduce the clamping pressure during the backward movement of the tool, the blade teeth will quickly become dull.

What are hand saws for metal?

The saw in question for sawing metal is a very necessary tool in the household, because in the absence of an angle grinder, it can always help in this situation. saw off the head of an oxidized bolt or saw through a steel wire. The big disadvantage of such a tool is the high expenditure of physical strength and time. The presence of small teeth affects the time to achieve the result. To obtain a result, the master requires the application of Not only titanic strength, but also patience. The result of long and hard work with the tool is the most accurate result, which sometimes surpasses the cut of an angle grinder.

Design parameters of hand saws for metal

The hand saw looks quite simple for metal:

The base or frame “U”.shaped, mostly made of metal
Handle of various shapes for handcraft
Blade for metal for a hand saw or a cutting element fixed at the edges of the frame

The blade for a hand hacksaw for metal is a thin strip that is made of hard types of steel and has different lengths. There are wedge-shaped teeth on one or both sides. The hacksaw blade is the most fragile element of the tool, therefore, when working, it is important to control the rigidity of its fastening. Cutting elements for hand saws are made according to the method of heat treatment of teeth, which allows to extend the service life of the product.

Types of hand saws for metal

There are the following types of hacksaws for metal:

Homemade. The simplest options, which are available in the set of each master. Such devices are considered an outdated option, but their production continues to this day. The advantage of THESE tools is their simplicity of design. The handle is made of wood, and is located in the same plane with the canvas
Professional are intended for use during long-term work. Such products are equipped with a more comfortable handle, which in addition is rubberized. Some expensive models are equipped with a mechanism for adjusting the angle of the cutting part during operation.
Mini hacksaws or metal saws have a special shape that differs from the first two types. Such products are intended for use only when there are difficulties with access to the cut part. The device has the shape of a knife with an additional blade fixation point. The handle is made of plastic and metal with rubber

Hacksaw for metal manual its purpose types and how to choose

The demand for hand hacksaws for metal remains relevant, since this type of tool has many advantages and only one drawback. This is the first tool invented by man for cutting metal blanks. Today, in the arsenal of every self-honoring master there is at least one variant among the different types of this instrument. A hacksaw for metal popular because the tool is always ready to work in the absence of an angle grinder and electricity.

Choosing a tool or what you need Pay attention

To choose the best hand saw for metal, pay attention to the following parameters:

Length of tools and blades. The canvases have different lengths, but if a device is selected, then you need to take one that is convenient to work with. If the tool is selected for a specific purpose, then remember that the length of the hacksaw should be 2 times the length of the part being cut
Lever. To choose the best device, you need to take several models and hold them in your hand. The difference is immediately felt, as some of the handles are awkward. It is better not to take tools with hollow handles, as they are NOT reliable. The handle should be comfortable and fit well
Canvas. The main characteristics of the blades are: tooth shape and pitch. Depending on which part will be sawn, the corresponding saw blades are selected. Since few people pay attention to this at home, it is better to take several different products
Cost. The price depends on the quality and functionality
Manufacturer. If you are strict about the selection of tools, then pay attention to the models of well-known manufacturers. A popular brand specializing in the manufacture of hand tools is IRWIN

Universal saw. hacksaws for all occasions

Even an ordinary, at first glance, hacksaw can cause confusion in the average consumer, he will find many different tools on the shelves! To simplify the choice, we list three main types of tools, into which, depending on the purpose, they are divided:

Hacksaws for metal. a narrow saw with fine teeth. It has a characteristic recognizable appearance, basically it is a C-shaped or U-shaped frame, between the ends of which a canvas is attached tightly. Old models of hacksaws often have a handle that runs parallel to the blade, modern products are equipped with a much more ergonomic “pistol” handle.
A hacksaw for wood is a classic carpentry tool used for sawing wooden building materials, as well as plywood sheets. As a rule, carpenter’s hacksaws have a wide beveled working part, on the edge of which there are cutting teeth. The teeth are set alternately left and right to facilitate cutting. At the same time, straight teeth in some models help to remove chips from the mowing line of the cut.
A hacksaw for concrete looks like a carpentry saw’s device, with the difference that the first tool has larger teeth. Quite often they have hard-alloy drinks on them, thanks to which this tool can be used to saw foam blocks and sand-concrete structures.

The quality of the tool is determined by the following indicators:

Blade length. depending on the size of the workpiece, the corresponding tool is also selected. On average, the length of the working part ranges from 300-700 mm.
Tooth pitch. this indicator determines the thickness and hardness of the materials, which the tool can handle. For example, a pitch of 3.5 mm is suitable for sawing wood materials from soft wood, 5 mm hacksaws work with hard wood.

Hacksaw blade for metal. how to distinguish quality?

The blade for a hacksaw for metal refers to those parts that quickly deteriorate and require frequent replacement. However, knowing the intricacies of choosing a product, you can ensure long and high-quality work.!

Choosing a hacksaw for metal. don’t overpay!

Even the choice of such a simple tool as a hacksaw for metal should be approached knowledgeable. Remember that the seller’s task is to sell the most expensive instrument, the capabilities of which you will use by hardly 10%. Use the rule of the golden mean. avoid completely budget models and DO NOT buy the most expensive ones. The tool should be practical, provide for the ability to work at different angles and with different blades.

The popularity of some models is due to the ability to work with canvases of any length, and this is really a very good move. Pay attention also to the possibility of changing the angle of the blade in the frame itself. this function allows you to work with metals even in hard-to-reach places. Take the tool in your hands, covering the handle with your palm. The palm should completely wrap around the handle, while the fingers should NOT interfere with each other and should NOT rest on parts. Avoid hollow handles. crushing a little, you break the tool. The product does not have to be loose, all parts are adjusted and create a feeling of reliability.

Hacksaw for metal. we cut steel in slippers!

With the advent of hacksaws for metal, it has become much easier to work with various metal products. even at home, in your garage or workshop, you can saw off the desired piece of reinforcement or thick wire. And even the appearance of mechanical analogues did NOT affect the popularity of hand tools: firstly, the cost is affordable for almost any craftsman, secondly, high accuracy is achieved in the process, thirdly, the tool is almost impossible to break, and fourthly. the independence of the product from the mains makes it irreplaceable in the field.

Modern hacksaws differ Not only in the “pistol grip”. manufacturers come up with and improve the systems for fastening the blade. The threaded clamp, which is present in all old models, is gradually being replaced by a lever mechanism, thanks to which the blade installation is several times faster. True, they are more expensive than hacksaws from the “lamb”.

However, the design features, by and large, only affect the ease of maintenance of the tool, the quality of the cut and the speed of work depend, first of all, on replaceable hacksaw blades. There are plenty of them on sale, you can find a product for any wallet and any purpose. The cost of blades depends on the alloy from which they are made and the number of teeth per inch. Basically, there are parts made of hardened steel and bimetallic products. The disadvantage of hardened steel lies in its fragility, therefore, although the products are cheaper, they break more often, while bimetallic ones can boast good flexibility and hardness, and therefore they are more expensive.

Metal hacksaw blade. knowledge driven choice!

When buying a canvas, pay attention, first of all, to its appearance. even the smallest flaws can affect its work. Avoid paintings with traces of corrosion, cracks, roughness. The ideal blade should be smooth, clean, with even teeth, and when folded, instantly restore its original shape. The more teeth per inch, the faster you can cut the part. So, there are canvases with 18 and 24 teeth per inch, most often, these are bought for the home, but 32 teeth per inch is the lot of professionals.

Avoid buying black items. there are enough of these for several passes, then the crumbling teeth make the job impossible. Although hardened products are NOT flexible, they are much more convenient to work with. In appearance, they look like a nickel-plated strip of stainless steel with dark teeth. it is by the color of the teeth that it is easiest to guess about their hardening. Bimetallic blades are usually painted in some colors, and although they are more expensive, they will last much longer. After choosing the right material, make sure to match the length of the product and the length of the hacksaw.

Straight cuts with a hacksaw

Cut across a narrow strip

Clamp the workpiece in a vise so that the cutting line is located vertically and next to the vise jaws.
Attaches the blade to the cutting line of the cut from the retreat side and easily pull along the metal, so that the teeth begin to cut into the edge.
Then, using both hands, cut along the line. Push the tool forward with slight, even pressure, and reverse without pressure. Let the canvas do the work; do not try to cut deeper with each hacksaw stroke.
As you approach the end of the cut, hold the waste metal with your hand to prevent vibration and galling.
Make the last moves before separating the waste with shortened.

Long edge cutting

Clamp the workpiece in a vice in the same way as for the cross cut, so that the cut line runs vertically.
Turn the hacksaw blade perpendicular to its frame and keep the frame horizontally; in this position, the frame will not interfere with the movement of the web along the workpiece.
Start cutting in the same way as for the cross cut, and also support the retreat with one hand until the cut is complete.

Marking lines at an angle

Use the combined protractor and scribe to mark the cut lines.

To position the lines correctly, first mark out the top of the notch using a center punch and hammer.
Then set the protractor head to the desired angle and press it against the edge of the workpiece, which should hang slightly from the edge of the workbench.
Move the Protractor along the edge until the ruler is already on the center mark and draw the first line to mark the cut.
Then, if readjustment of the protractor is required, adjust the head to the angle required for the second cut line mowing line and repeat the marking process.

Making cutouts

Clamp the workpiece in a vice so that one line marking the cutout is vertical and as close as possible to the jaws of the vice.
To start cutting Support the blade with your free thumb; otherwise, the blade may slip along the slanted edge of the workpiece. When the teeth cut into the metal, cut lightly forward until the intersection points are ripe. If necessary, move the workpiece in a vice so that the cutting line remains close to the jaws.
Then turn the workpiece over so that the second line of the marking becomes vertical, and continue in the same order, again held the blade until the teeth do NOT cut into the metal.
When approaching the intersection of the marking lines, hold the triangular exit with one hand and shorten the hacksaw strokes.

Sawing a curved edge with a hacksaw

Line Curve Marking

Set the marking compass to the desired radius and with a center punch with a hammer Mark the center of the arc.
Place one needle of the compass in the punctured recess and, freely holding the upper end of the compass with one hand, draw the other needle over the metal surface. Hold the compass upright, at right angles to the metal. The pressure should be no more than to trace the visible mowing line.
Clamp the workpiece in a vise, placing the line of the line next to the vise jaws. This will prevent the part from rocking when sawing with a hacksaw.

Using a carbide-tipped string blade

Holding the hacksaw with both hands, place the string against the retreat side of the mowing line and slowly sweep the dust forward. Repeat this movement, starting each stroke from the front end of the string, until it is completely immersed in the metal.
Then slowly move the dust back and forth with light, even pressure in both directions of travel along the line of the mowing line. Restart the workpiece, if necessary, so that the cutting area remains close to the jaws of the vice.

In fact, no saw can handle all possible cuts in metal. For example, cuts from the center of a sheet / plate are often beyond the reach of a classic hacksaw blade because the frame (machine) limits access. For such work, you need to use either a hacksaw-handle (without a frame), or a metal chisel.

Cold cutting metal: how to work with a hacksaw and chisel

In all applications. be it a veranda fence, a door hinge or a Hoe. metal is prized for its toughness and strength. It can withstand loads and conditions that will quickly destroy (or slowly spoil) most secondary materials. But sometimes it becomes necessary to change its size and shape, and it is quite possible to do this in a summer cottage. over, some manipulations can be performed without heating. with the help of Special scissors, chisels, a hacksaw or a jigsaw. However, one cannot do without knowing at least basic techniques of working with metal. You will find their step-by-step description in the encyclopedia of John Keels “Metalworking”. We bring to your attention excerpts from this book, published by the publishing house “AST” in the series “Craftsmanship and Hobby”.

Hacksaw techniques

For safety reasons, avoid excessive pressure no matter how hard the metal is. Too much pressure can break the blade or knock it out of the cut; Both options can be dangerous.

Hacksaw for metal

A hacksaw is probably the most famous metal cutting tool and also one of the most useful. Its hardened steel sheet will handle most metals found in or around a home; a hacksaw is able to cut metal up to a third of the length of its blade.

Hacksaw for metal

Hacksaw blades for general use have hardened teeth and are made from molybdenum, carbon or tungsten steel. The main factors when choosing a blade are the number of teeth per inch (the same parameter can be denoted simply as a pitch of teeth. the distance between adjacent teeth) and set / set of teeth. the angle at which they are located on the cutting edge.

For efficient cutting, at least two teeth of the hacksaw blade must always be in contact with metal. If the metal is too thin for two teeth to fit on its edge, when sawing, place it between two sheets of thin plywood (another option is dusty at an angle to the plane of the metal sheet).

Hacksaw for metal

Good hacksaw
An adjustable reversible hacksaw can take blades with a length of 25 to 30 cm. In blades, the number of teeth per inch can vary from 4 to 32. In general, blades with a number of teeth per inch from 4 to 16 are used for those metals that “clog” a blade with more fine teeth. In large-toothed canvases, there is usually a variable setting. the teeth are located in a straight line, but bent alternately in different directions. Fine-toothed blades are usually given a wavy set. their teeth are folded over a smoothly curving cutter line, as shown for 24 teeth per inch in the illustration above. Wavy cut gives a wider kerf to prevent blade binding.

Tools for cold cutting metal to size

It seems paradoxical that a material prized primarily for its resistance to cutting, bending and bending can be easily processed. Nevertheless, with well-sharpened tools and the appropriate methods, the metal can be processed surprisingly well. For projects involving common materials such as cast iron or mild steel, sawing, chopping and filing are basic machining operations.

The metal is surprisingly easy to work with. The main thing is skill and a well-sharpened tool

Some power tools may be used to cut metal. Jigsaws, hacksaws and band saws can be equipped with special blades and saws. There are also special mechanical hacksaws for metal. They are excellent at straight cuts, but are arched and cannot make curved cuts.

Locksmith chisel and its varieties

Chisels for metal come in different lengths and vary in width from 3 to 25 mm. They are subdivided into several main types, differing in form depending on their tasks:

Locksmith chisels,
Grooving machines (for cutting grooves of various profiles),
Kreutzmeisel (variety of grooves),
Blacksmith’s chisel (with long wooden handle),
Nibbling chisel and jogging (for nibbling curly lines in sheet material),
Barbs / Punches (for punching round holes in thin sheet material),
Center punch / mechanical center punch (for small recesses in which the drill is installed).

Chisels can be different depending on the type of work they perform

In the Russian Federation, the parameters of chisels are determined by GOSTs (for example, GOST 7212-74. crosscutters, GOST 7211-86. chisels, etc.).

When cutting metal, you will need 4 types of chisels: wide, pointed, crosscutters and a semicircular grooving chisel. Metal chisels can be used not only for straight chopping or cutting, but also for shaping metal, as well as for cleaning edges and surfaces. Varieties of chisels for metal

The most common type of chisel has a straight cutting edge with a wedge-shaped sharpening. It is used for shaping, chopping metal rods, shearing bolt heads or rivets.
Kreutzmeisel also has a wedge-shaped sharpening, but the cutting edge is much narrower; they make grooves or channels.
Semicircular Chisel-Grooves are useful for rounding the inner corners of a groove or groove and for punching out semicircular grooves.
A pointed chisel is sharpened to a point. Used for aligning corners and cutting narrow grooves in metal.

For safe and efficient work, the chisel must be sharp with a hardened cutting edge at an angle of 60-70 °.

Sources:

http://moiinstrumentu.ru/ruchnaya-nozhowka-po-metallu.html
http://moiinstrumentu.ru/ruchnaya-nozhowka-po-metallu.html
http://remoskop.ru/polotno-nozhovki-metallu.html
http://7dach.ru/izdatelstvo_AST/holodnaya-rezka-metalla-kak-rabotat-nozhovkoy-i-zubilom-262856.html

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