Divorce of teeth of a tape saw into a larch. New machine – we correct the inaccuracies of manufacture

Divorce ribbon saw table

Wood-Mazer saw is made of high-carbon steel and heat-treated in such a way as to ensure the maximum stability of the saw in the propyle. That is why our company recommends the use of Wood-Mazer saw, however, any positive quality cannot but have the side effects accompanying it. There are such WoodmAizer saws. They require a more strict attitude from operators and sharpeners.

The step of the tooth of the blade is the distance between the peaks of two neighboring teeth. For Wood-Mizer blades, it is 22.0 mm. The step of the tooth is constant and does not change during the sharpening process.

The height of the tooth is the distance between the base of the interdental deepening and the top of the tooth. Due to the presence of an interdental deepening of the sawdust during sawing are removed from the working area of ​​the blade. The height of the tooth should be sufficient to ensure the removal of sawdust accumulating in the interdeter recess during sawing.

The height of the teeth of the Wood-Mizer blades is optimal for any type of sawing. When sharpening the blade, the height of the tooth decreases. To preserve the required height of the tooth, it is necessary to deepen the groove between the teeth until the height of the tooth is 4.8 mm. Cm. Table 1 at the end of this section.

Blades with teeth 4.8 mm high. used for any type of sawing. Blades with teeth high 4.0 mm are mainly used for sawing frozen, solid wood. Blades with teeth high 4.3-6.4 mm can be used for processing very soft wood.

The angle of sharpening, the degree of sharpening and wiring of teeth are the most important factors that affect the working characteristics of the blade. All these factors affect the quality of sawing and the performance of the sawing installation.

The angle of sharpening is the angle of deviation of the end of the tooth from the vertical. Due to the presence of the angle of sharpening, the tooth “hooks” the wood. The tooth should penetrate deep enough into the wood so that the blade itself can effectively produce sawdust. If the sharpening angle is too large for this speed of the saw, then this can lead to the appearance of vibrations and, as a result, a deterioration in the quality of the saw. With low sharpening angle, the tooth will not enter the wood to a sufficient depth, which can lead to additional loads during sawing and deterioration of the quality of the saw.

The size of the angle of sharpening depends on the type of wood processed and the performance of the installation. As a rule, the smaller the angle of sharpening, the lower the performance of the sawing installations cm table 1 at the end of the section.

The angle of sharpening recommended for most cases is 10.12 degrees. For sawing solid rocks.For frozen wood, a sharpening angle of 12.5-15 degrees is recommended.

The angle of the end is the angle of deviation of the end of the tooth relative to the blade itself.

In the non.circuit position of the tooth, the angle of the end is 90 degrees. When wiring the blade, the angle of the end changes several degrees and becomes more than 90 degrees.

Tail wiring is an important factor.impact characteristics of the blade.

Renting of teeth is a linear value of the tooth deviation to a given angle relative to the plane of the blade. The more wiring the teeth, the wider it drank and a greater effort is required to be applied during sawing.

Cm. Table 1. The recommended wiring of teeth is usually 0.fifty.55 mm for 1.1 mm of blades. When working with hard rapids and frozen wood, the wiring must.be enclosed in the range 0.4. 0.45 mm for 1.1 mm of blades. Large wiring is used when working with soft wood (0.55. 0.6 mm for 1.1 mm of blades).

Remember that when sharpening teeth and reducing their height, wiring also decreases and it is required to carry out the wiring of the teeth of the blade.

Wood-Mizer saw was originally much more rigid than almost all its main competitors, so it does not lose stability at a smaller one than other tension saws, and the less tension, the less voltage arising in the canvas and, as a result, the less probability of gap saws.

In order to properly set the tension of the canvas on the sawmill, the following should be done:

It is necessary to cut on the minimum possible tension (150. 170 atm.) it will extend the life of the saw.

In order to get high.quality lumber, without overpaying for saws, you need to observe a number of simple requirements:

a) It is necessary to monitor the condition of the belts on the pulleys, two belts are less than one saw, so you can afford to change them a little more often, and save completely incomparable money on the saws. It is absolutely unacceptable to pass the canvas of the saw on the metal, if this happens, then the saw will not be simple and one hour.

b) It is important to properly set the saw canvas on the pulleys: the distance from the tooth hollows to the edge of the pulley can vary depending on the type of machine.

c) properly set the guide videos:

• The videos should be displayed horizontally and vertically
• The video should not push the saw down from its free state more than the value indicated by the manufacturer, depending on the type of machine.
• The back side of the saw should not defend from the stubborn protrusion of the roller more than the value indicated by the manufacturer, depending on the type of machine.

d) when the saw, the shape of the tooth should be repeated exactly with the sample.

E) The wiring of the canvas must meet the work performed, since the canvas confidently sawing a log with a diameter of 30 cm., It will not be the same successful to saw 60 cm with a diameter of 60 cm., because the volume of sawdust diverted from cut.

f) Select the right grease for the saw. The optimal lubricant is a mixture of 50% diesel fuel and 50% oil for lubrication for tires of chainsaws (for sawing at a temperature below.15 °.FROM). This mixture should be applied on the saw with a thin layer by spraying. There should not be a lot of lubrication, one spraying is enough for a while. You can easily notice that it is time to lubricate it on how the sound will return, the disappeared after applying the lubricant. Apply grease so that it falls on both sides of the saw. The use of lubrication will also reduce the number of “bloomed” boards, from sawdust and water falling on them

g) Remove the saw tension as soon as you stop sawing

During the sawing process, the saws are heated and, as a result, increase in length. Cooling, saws strive to shake to their original size and in the process of this excessive stresses occur in the saw. In addition, there is a memory of two pulleys in the saw, which does not lengthens the life of a saw.

Characteristics

Three distinctive features are characteristic of strip saws. They are made only of special varieties of instrumental steel, which provides high indicators of strength and wear resistance of teeth. Manufacturers usually use steel of 9XF and B2F categories, foreign companies prefer the C75 series. In any case, the hardness of the material should be at least 45 HRS.

The width of the cutting of the canvas of the tape saw is much already already than that of disk analogues. As mentioned above, this is a fundamental factor in the processing of valuable wood and business wood.

Saws can easily cope with blanks of any length and diameter. At the same time, a properly sharpened strip saw provides high production productivity.

It must be clarified that the reliability of closed saws is explained by the heterogeneity of the material that is used to make the canvas.

In particular, the body of a saw instrument is usually made of spring steel, which has incredible resistance to stretching and dynamic loads. Varieties of steel with a high molfram and cobalt go to the manufacture of the cutting edge. Individual parts of the canvas are welded to each other with high.frequency currents. Tools made using this technology can be used to saw metal.

The use of corner grinder allows you to reduce sharpening time by almost double compared to the use of a file. After all, a hand tool needs to perform synchronous movements and constantly monitor the amount of material removed from each tooth.

On a note! After using the angle grinding machine, the master often finishes the cutting part of the saw with a file.

Types of wiring the teeth of the circular saw

Before sharpening the circulation saw, you need to check if there is a wiring. To do this, with a caliper, the width of the tooth is measured, and then in the workpiece of solid wood they make a small cut and measure its width. If the circulation disk is divorced, then the drink should be wider than the tooth. Otherwise, the teeth of the saw must be diluted until the sharpening operations.

The complexity of the wiring process is due to the need to take the teeth to the side to the same distance. This can be achieved by using a factory device for wiring circulation saws. Each tooth should start diluted from the middle of its size. For different density of woody materials, the degree of wiring of the teeth should have its own, but without delving into the details, we can say that the drainage of soft rocks is diluted more broadly than on hard.

There are three main methods of wiring:

• Stiring a cleaning type. This method boils down to the fact that the tooth in two remains in its place without change, the rest rejected in different directions. Such a saw preparation is good for working with solid.state wood.
• A variant of classic wiring, when alternately the teeth of the saw allocate to the right or to the left. This universal method can be used for almost all types of saws.
• The so.called wavy wiring, a distinctive feature of which is not a strictly defined distance from the center, but over different distances with a deviation within 0.3-0.7 millimeters.

Secondly.

As soon as the width of the cut reaches the required size, and the remainder of the height of the log reached the desired size, it is turned over. That is, if you saw a beam for, for example, 150, then the width draped and the height of the remainder of the log should correspond to this value, even to be larger, taking into account the removal of the hump.

Next, we know the final size of the material that must be obtained, and we will receive it.

To do this, after the log of the log, start the calculation from the final size to the full use of the height of the log, but do not forget to take into account the size of the cut, which we already know from 2 to 5 mm.

For example. you have a log on the overpass, which you cut to a size of 260 mm. Turn the log and continue.

The final result that we want to achieve is a carriage of 150 mm thick. Further, in a simple way, counting that 260 mm-150 mm = 110 mm. We get as many as 110 mm of the thickness of additional material. And it is precisely it that needs to be correctly calculated.

We take this additional size and calculate it, to obtain a block, which has a size of 50 mm, 110-50 = 60, do not forget the cut, and in our country it is 2 mm, 60-2 = 58 mm, then the cheeses equal to 25 mm, 58.25-2 = 31 mm, pillings 20 mm, 31-20-2 = 9 mm.

As you can see, from our calculations, it turns out 9 mm horseman, 20 mm Podgarkelnik, 25 mm dough and 50 mm block. And the final size will be 150 mm.

Production recommendations

In order for homemade sawmill to work more efficiently, you should pay attention to some recommendations:

• The design should be stable and strong, since you have to work with logs of various weights and sizes;
• It is necessary to perform work on the assembly of equipment directly at the place where it is planned to be placed. This is due to massiveness and a large weight of the structure;
• It is necessary to constantly look at the operation of the equipment and correct the settings, since the design is done with your own hands, without the use of accurate programs and computerization;
• Homemade sawmills are “scattered” with shavings, so you need to either build additional designs, or do cleaning after the work performed;
• A wide strip cut affects the formation of a large amount of waste;
• To ensure the efficient operation of the mobile cart, it is necessary to use gaskets and plates, while the gaskets must be taken in thickness more than a 0.5 mm channel;
• The electric motor can be easily replaced with a gasoline engine. This option will be simpler because you can use a chainsaw, or rather its engine. The canvas from the chainsaw will go as a tape. How to make a gasoline tape sawmill, see. on the video;
• All fixing elements must be securely fixed to ensure safe operation of the entire structure;
• To ensure efficient operation of the saw should be sharpened, and the teeth are divorced.

Description of strip saws

Two rotated wheels supporting the tape are placed on the bed. They are driven by a drive coming from an electric motor. The cutting tape is fixed with two rollers and an emphasis next to the desktop, its adjustment is provided. The size of the teeth on the saw canvas is determined from the size of the unit and kind of operations, as in manual saws. Teeth are hidden in the form of a universal profile.In order to close the cutting canvas into the ring, the soldering is used in addition from copper, so the ends are attached to each other and the rupture is connected during the repair. In the factory, soldering is carried out electric welding, small workshops use a burner or special ticks.

Varieties of units

From the hacksaw canvas, a strip of a toothed saw differs in size in length and is made in the form of a ring, but in appearance they do not differ in an open state. Tough strips for installation in tape machines for metal or wood are used, used in meat and fish production for cutting carcasses, in industry, foam concrete, mineral insulation, foam and other building materials are cut with their help.The principle of ribbon toothless friction is applied according to the same principle as the ring saws of friction. The teeth are also located on the working canvas, but their shape helps not to cut, but to heating the processed layer. Heat release in this case increases the performance of the unit. The cutting canvas in friction saws is made with a thickness of 0.6–1.7 mm, with a width of 6 to 26 mm.The electro.isk saw of the saw is used for cutting blanks with a thickness of 150-400 mm, which are not lended to round saws due to a sore step and diameter that causes a strong beating.

Types of material for paintings

For cutting wood, stripes of steels with high M carbon, canvases with attacks of carbon material and bimetallic stripes are most often used. The bimetallic version provides for a flexible canvas and hard teeth, for which two types of metal are used. The base of the strip is made of springy material, with the help of an electron beam type of welding, instrumental high-speed wire is welded, from which a gear profile is subsequently milling.Release canvases, universal in use and special saws used for specific steels. The field of use is selected taking into account the parameters of the teeth:

For cutting large blanks, stripes with large teeth are used, in particular, canvases with elements of an increased size are used to process sheet metal. To avoid the beating of the canvas and resonance phenomena, teeth of different sizes (variable step) are attached on one strip).The hardness of cutting elements depends on this steel indicator. Most often, in the manufacture of teeth, metal with the designation M42 is used (this means the hardness of the edge in the category of Vickers. 950 units). To process the instrumental steel, this indicator is not enough, so the hardness of the M71 teeth (100 units according to the Vickers) is taken, the work of medium complexity requires hardness M51.The geometric form is determined by the angle of sharpening and the profile of the cutting element. To cut the profile (channel, corner, Taurus, double.breeds, pipes) in size, it is necessary to form teeth with reinforced backs. This is dictated by a special form of the profile, during the cutting of which there is a shock effect and vibration leading to the occurrence of chips and cracks. To process the viscous stainless steel or other materials with similar indicators, the teeth are made sharp, a significant gap is left between them.Wiring of cutting elements is done depending on the size and massiveness of the processed material. For example, to prevent pinching during cutting continuous massive material, stripes on a saw with alternating narrow and wide wiring are used.

Types of saws depending on work with the material

The next division into categories is made according to the processing material:

Work with solid materials (metal, stone) is carried out by a tool in which the working saw canvas is reinforced with ultra.strength teeth from the corresponding alloys. Incorrect selection of a saw canvas leads to its rupture and spoilage of the edges on the workpiece processed. Before buying a saw, the front of further work is determined.

After assembling the guide roller and checking it, we start installing it on the machine. We insert the shaft into the video holder and fix it with a special bolt, if the holders are on hairpins, and an eccentric is fixed with several bolts.

Guide video

The video of several parts consists of, of course, this is the video itself, bearings, usually two of them, bearings are of different brands depending on the type of sawmill. A washer is installed between them for lubrication missing and it is fastened together with bearings inside the video with stoppers, for which there are special slots inside the video. Then the video with bearings is stuffed on the shaft and fixed on the shaft with a bolt. Note that the shafts can be simple, straight, or they can be shifted to the side, they are also called eccentrics. If a simple shaft is regulated by hairpins up and down, then the eccentric is regulated simply by turning the shaft.

The video has a round shape of various diameters, on the back there is a border to prevent the gathering of sawing tape. On the surface of the video there are slots for the release of sawdust, it must be taken into account that during operation the mandatory cleaning of these slots gives a good result.Inside, the video has a diameter for a particular bearing, along the edges of the slot under the stopper, which fix the bearings inside the roller.

The master puts a workpiece of metal or wood between a vice;

Common mistakes

If a person first tries to sharpen the saw, it is difficult for him to fulfill all the requirements and remember the nuances of the technological process. However, violation of these rules leads to the fact that the efficiency of using a strip saw is noticeably reduced, the load on the canvas increases, which leads to a premature break.

Professionals recommend that you make such mistakes:

• With mechanical sharpening, the abrasive stone is located incorrectly relative to the profile of the saw. In this case, the sharpening of the teeth will be uneven;
• Excessive efforts when contacting the saw and sharpening circle. As a result, the metal overheats, the scale appears, which leads to premature wear of the cutting edge;
• There are burrs on the canvas. After sharpening, all roughness must be eliminated, otherwise microscopic cracks will appear during operation on the metal;
• Application of their own sharpening angles. Many inexperienced masters believe that only acuity is important for the teeth of saws, therefore they shamelessly violate the geometry of the profile of the cutting edge recommended by the manufacturer. It is important to understand that the shape of the tooth has been tested for years, trying to experiment here is useless.

Instead of conclusion, we add that each strip saw has a certain resource, so the canvas cannot be sharpened indefinitely. Manufacturers guarantee the correct operation of the tool until the total width of the canvas decreases to 65% of the original size.

Experience errors

Error charred saw cavities.

The reason lies in the excessive pressure of the wheel for sharpening the saw. As a result, a rapid dull of the tool occurs.

Error 2. Imperfect geometry of the sinus and irregular angle.

This error can be caused by a number of conditions:

Now you know how to hone the tape saw correctly, and what fasteners and tools may be needed for this. You can also find a video of this process on the Internet.

The most important factor in the success of the sawmill is what saws are used in production. The size of the saw is important, the material from which it is made, and the technology from which it is made.

But even the use of saws of the optimal size fulfilled in accordance with the latest standards will not allow you to get the expected profit if these saws are not sharpened and not diluted. Incorrect sharpening and sharpening of the saw leads to defects in lumber, which means that its cost is significantly reduced.

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Proper sharpening and separation of saws when working on a strip saw are especially important. Unfortunately, in practice, many people even confuse the sequence of these procedures: first they make a saw, and then polish it. As a result of the branch of the tooth, the saw “remains”, and the saw should be raised again, or, if this is not done, the quality of the finished product will leave much to be desired.

If we talk about machines that perform sharpening and sawing, then every detail is really important. contributed to the development of high.quality regulated and sharpening devices.

The adjustable machine has the correct geometry: when installing a saw in the adjustable machine, the tooth root is between the cheeks that clamp the dust. In many other machines, including a number of well.known manufacturers, this condition is not met. Therefore, when the tooth bends and tooth, and the saw case deviates. The technically correct division of pollen leaves means something else: the pusher rests on 1/3 of the tooth and only its tip bends. In the manufacture of the adjustable machine, two clamping stops are used, which are slightly pressed on the handle to press the tooth to the indicator head. The pusher, not reaching the tip of the tooth, shows the actual divorce on the tape. If this is not enough, the operator presses on the tooth until it dies to the required size. We consider it very important to pay attention to one moment: the tooth of the strip saw has the same property as the metal memory. Because of this, under the influence of inertia, the tooth seeks to return to its original position. Therefore, for proper connection, one click is not enough on each tooth: it is necessary to influence the tooth several times so that it remembers its position. If someone tells you that it is enough to press once on every tooth, know: you were misleading.

Two clamping stops with powerful springs used in the machine show the actual bending of the tooth, which is very convenient: there is no need to endlessly unscrew the pusher and re.connect to find out how the dent is actually pulled out.

Another strong side of the company’s adjustable machine is the simplicity and safety of the operator: the tooth removal occurs not because the operator pushes the pusher forward, as in some analogues, but because of the operator’s own weight and the use of the eccentric. As a result, the operator does not feel stretched. Thus, high.quality adjustable and sharpening machines are, without a doubt, the arsenal of each owner of the sawmill. But in themselves, they do not guarantee the quality of lumber, will not allow dust to work for a long time if production is sawing with serious technical defects. For example, if the videos are made with a cone or they became conical, because the saw blew them, then even with proper sharpening and wiring, the saw begins to find its place in the log. This is because the videos are tilted. If the pulleys on the sawmill are divided and are not in one plane, the saw clearly lights up not in the middle, but on the side, and then the voltage is transmitted to the edge of the strip saw. It also reduces the service life of the saw.

Therefore, the role of the correct sawing and sharpening of the saw, of course, is great, but these factors do not determine 90% of the quality of the sawing, as is commonly believed. It’s just that the saw can not be able to see perfectly evenly and will not fail for a long time if, for example, a strong tension is applied to the sawmill.

If you are just starting your business and have not yet mastered all these nuances, we advise you to contact those who have been working on the market for more than a year. The phone of the main office in Novosibirsk. Contact us, and we will advise you on the choice of equipment based on your needs and your budget.

Sharpening recommendations

The right choice of the type of sharpening circle is important. It must correspond to the steel brand from which a strip saw is made. Corundine circles are used for instrumental steel structures. If you need to improve the cutting properties of bimetallic models, you should use elborus or diamond circles.

Depending on the technical capabilities, it is possible to perform full.profile processing or each cutting part separately. In the first case, you will need an elbox circle, the end of which has the same shape as the saw. For the second option, each tooth is processed.

Previously, you will need a machine. It should have the functions of regulating the speed of the disk and a change in its location relative to the tool. After fixing the canvas in a special bed, such actions should be performed according to the following instructions.

• The emery goes down. At this time, the front edge with the cutting edge is processing.
• Cutting in Padin. This is done without separation from the canvas. This stage allows you to remove microcracks and unevenness. An important point is a decrease in surface tension, which is the main cause of deformation of the canvas.
• The circle moves up. The back of the tooth and its cutting edge are tinted.

According to the same technique, all other teeth are updated. It is important that the values ​​of the angles of the entrance and exit are everywhere the same. Otherwise, with the differences of geometry in one of the parts, operational qualities deteriorate.

After the processing is completed, it is recommended to finish. treat the surface with fine.grained emery. During this process, the geometry of the canvas should not change.

With prolonged contact of the circle with the metal, the temperature on the surface of the latter may increase sharply. To eliminate this effect, special coolants come directly from the machine. The feed is carried out constantly to avoid the formation of the intensity zone. In this part, the mechanical strength will be worsened.

In order to avoid the appearance of Zazubrin before processing wood, you need to check the presence of metal components in it. Particular attention is also paid to fixation and uniform handling for sawing.

In the video, you can familiarize yourself with the recommendations for amateur sharpening:

In a cycle of articles on tape sawing, we already talked about the problem of proper adjustment of the saw process, gave detailed recommendations for the purchase of machines for sawing logs, ribbon-leading machines for the production of epaulets or tape-fed machines for a furniture enterprise. We also talked in detail about the new method of sharpening tape saws. In this article, we will consider the second part of the preparation of the strip saw for work. the process of wiring its teeth.

Wiring the teeth of the strip saw, despite the apparent simplicity, turns out to be the most severe process, since after the end of the divorce, accuracy cannot be checked in the appearance of the saw, and the quality of the surface of the lumber mainly depends on how accurately it is made.

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Having visited so many sawmills, I can confidently say that more than 90% of the wave during sawing arise precisely due to poor-quality wiring. Uneven (jumping) dentist, divorce of teeth is not broken, but along the radius or below 4 mm from the top of the tooth, a divorce with a unequal value on both sides of the strip saw or simply incorrectly chosen divorce leads to the instability of the saw in the puncture. Another 5% are sawing with dull or initially poorly sharpened saws, and the remaining 5% are obtained with improper settings of sawmills.

Insidious waves

First you need to refute an almost universal misconception that it is easy to cut a tree with a tape saw. this is not iron. In fact, everything is just the opposite. At those speeds of the saw on the pulleys, such a large supply during the cut and significant unevenness of the density of the wood itself along the entire length of the log (knot), the saw can maintain a straightforward movement only with very high.quality preparation.

Often our clients, when we show them how to properly breed a strip saw, they say, is there a difference for sawing from how accurately the divorce of the drain of the saw is made. with the admission of the indicator into one division, that is, ± 0.01 mm, or 10 indicator divisions, that is, ± 0.1 mm, because even the difference is not visible by eye, which means that for the saw it does not matter. Only after we showed them in a microscope the size of dulling the cutting edge, in which the saw begins to lose stability in the propyle, that is, earned. They began to understand that there is no difference for the eye, and for high.quality sawing the difference is very big. It was repeatedly verified by us on different sawmills. Regardless of the time of operation or sawed volume of the pilot, the strip saw was removed from the sawmill at the first appearance of the wave. About the same results were obtained everywhere. The minimum dulling of even part of the cutting edges of the teeth of the saw only by 0.05-0.07 mm, which is equivalent to a decrease in the divorce by five to seven indicator divisions, already leads even on medium-sized excess forms. Those who worked on tape machines, sawing metal, know very well that round rental, especially steel 3, can be sawed with a saw, in which the cutting edges are simply demolished.

It’s not about the sharpener

A good divorce machine is a purely technical problem. The apparent simple appearance of the machine misleads many manufacturers. They think that it can be very easily done. When you look at those machines that the sharpeners are trying to breed their ribbon saws in the field, it seems that almost all of their manufacturers absolutely do not understand how, in fact, the machine should work and strive to make its design to the maximum, and, accordingly, for better sale, And reduce the price. And the problem, which is that it is not possible to properly breed such divorces is explained by the fact that we must look for a good sharpener. But the point here, as with the grinding machines, is not in a good or bad sharpener, but in the fact that such divorce cannot be well diluted with a saw in principle. The entire mechanism dangles, some of the main parts of the machine are simply absent, the parallelism and perpendicularity of the ends of the stops and planes of the plates are not observed, the body of the saw cannot be squeezed well. Thus, instead of a tooth divorce, you get the effect of “swing”. The pusher presses on the tooth, but instead of the deviation of the tooth, the body of the tape saw begins to bend (this bending will be only 0.3-0.7 mm, rarely more, completely invisible to the eye), and the body will bend differently, and it will bend differently, and So, all teeth will bend with the same indicator of the same values ​​on an absolutely unpredictable value.

Sharpening and wiring saw

The main cutting element of any manual saw. a number of teeth cut on the canvas and representing cutters in the form of wedges. The wood, in the manufacture of all kinds of products from it, is sawn along, across and at an angle θ to its fibers, in this regard, transverse, longitudinal sawing and sawing at an angle to its fibers are distinguished and, in each case, the corresponding type of saw is used, which differs from other forms teeth.

During transverse sawing, transverse saws are used, the cutting edges of the teeth of which, when moving in wood, is interrupted by its fibers as a knife and form a cut. The longitudinal sawing differs from the transverse in that the direction of movement of the saw parallel to wood fibers. The front edges of the teeth of the longitudinal drank string the wood, like knives in the shirts, and, deepening, form a cut. When sawing wood at an angle θ to its fibers, universal (mixed) saws with teeth, which are an intermediate shape of the teeth of transverse and longitudinal saws are used.

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Sharpening of the saw

Sharpening the teeth drank. In its kind, art, requiring fidelity of hands, good eye, attention. It is not difficult to learn this matter, it is necessary to have a desire and clearly adhere to the following rules:

• The saw canvas must be rigidly fixed in a special device made of wood, which is also steadily installed on a well.lit desktop. Sharpening of teeth drank on stools or knees does not give a satisfactory result.
• You should use a personal file, followed by stripping the sharpened faces of the teeth with velvet (with a small notch) or a file. It is desirable that the file is new, sharp and with a mounted handle. If at the right time it was not the same, then you can use a used, but necessarily cleaned with a steel brush and grated with wood coal, so that the file does not clog and does not stupor. When sharpening the tooth, the file should cling to its metal and remove its layer depending on the strength of pressure. And if it slides down the tooth without removing the metal, then the teeth of the saw are rolled or the file is Istrut. In this case, it is necessary to repeat the sharpening with a new file. If in this case it slides along the tooth, then it remains to take another saw.
• The handle of the file is clamped with the right hand, and its end holds the end with his left hand and the file is directed to the teeth of the saw. About the work of the file, depending on the type of saw, is described below.
• The pressure of the file on the teeth should be smooth and uniform and only one way from itself. When the file is returned to the starting position, he should not touch the teeth.
• We must try to grind the metal from the faces of the teeth of the minimum of the same thickness, the lead of the file is the same number of times with the same pressure, which allows you to maintain the values ​​of the angles, the step and height of the teeth after sharpening.
• On the faces of the tooth from the side of the file of the file, burrs are formed, which reduce the sharpness of the tooth, and if you do not remove it, then during the operation of the saw they are painted, and the teeth are significantly blunt. To remove the burrs, the edges of the teeth are wetted with a file with a velvet notch and the burrs from the side faces with a wet donkey are removed.
• After sharpening the teeth, it is necessary to check their sharpness. Look at the tip of the needles and the edge of the razor blade: they, sharpened, do not shine in the light. And if they lick them, then rounded surfaces appear on the tip of the needles and on the edge of the blade, which reflecting the light, sparkle well. On this principle, a check of the quality of sharpening of teeth saws was built. For this, the saw is placed in front of the eyes and examine its teeth along the canvas. If their cutting edges and peaks do not shine, then the teeth of the saw are saturatedly stumbled, and if some of the teeth with brilliance (often it happens), then they need to be undermined by a file with a velvet notch, remove the burrs and again check the reflection of the light with their edges and peaks.

Cross saws. The teeth of the transverse saws are pulled, using a trihedral file with a fine notch with an angle at a top of 60 °.

To sharpen the teeth, the saw is clamped in a special device that allows you to install its canvas at an angle of 45-50 ° to the plane of the desktop. The file is carried out parallel to the desktop at an angle of 60-75 ° to the saw canvas and thus, in the first tooth, the left line is A1A2V2V2.

Sharpen the teeth of the saw in several tricks. First, they pass the files along the left edges of the odd teeth located in the far row, setting up hands on the same movement. Then they pass a file on the right faces of the same odd teeth, completing the sharpening of the main cutting edges with very sharp peaks. After the sharpening of the odd teeth is completed, the saw canvas in the solid device turn over and thus sharpen even teeth, which ended up in the far row. When sharpening the teeth of transverse saws, it is necessary to carefully monitor that the sharp main cutting edges with the dual-sided angle φ = 60-75 °, a short cutting edge and a sharp peak are obtained in each tooth.

Longitudinal saws. The teeth of the longitudinal drank in which the angle π

Manual improved method of wiring teeth (by type of press)

So that the effect of “swing” does not occur during the divorce, it is necessary to fix the body of the tape saw before pressing the pusher on the tooth so that it does not have the opportunity to move. This can only be done with a rigid body clamping with a plate under a dilated tooth. This can be done most simply by dividing the functions of pushing the saw of the saw and pressing the pusher on the tooth. Such machines are sold. However, breeding two movements in turn is very inconvenient, although in principle and possible. But the main thing is that although the manufacturers solved the problem of “swing”, the machine itself is made very poorly, and besides without some main nodes, which still does not allow to well breed a strip saw with such diligents. The machine, which with one click sequentially tightly clamps the body of the saw with a plate, and then presses the pusher on the tooth, is made very well and with all the necessary nodes, only the IRN company was able to do. We were one of the first about ten years ago, they acquired such a divorce from them. Saws are still breeding on it, and we are very pleased with them. When we started selling our sharp.up machines with a specialized disk three years ago, IRn was recommended for everyone in the kit for it. But in the last year and a half with these divorces, problems began to arise and most importantly, the quality of manufacture has worsened. At least, many of those who took this divorce to our wound, had to first bring it to us for revision, after which they did not have problems with a divorce of strip saws. So that users no longer have such problems, we have been developed and now it begins to be mass.produced by a divorce machine under the RS30/60 index.

Auto

The only truly automatic divorce machine is made by Wood-Mizer. The divorce of each tooth is carried out on one side of the saw with a pneumatic trapel by several blows adjustable in strength with constant control of the electronic micrometer of the actually obtained divorce. The next tooth for a divorce by the pusher will be automatically supplied only after the indicator shows the set value. After the divorce ends, the machine stops. Then the saw is removed from the machine, turned out, installed again on the machine, and the divorce is made on the other side. The machine would be very good if it were not for him, which is unjustified even for service centers, not to mention simple sawmill. And although representatives of Wood-Mizer claim that they sell these divorce machines, I personally have never met them in work and saw only at exhibitions.

Ribbon saws, which are canvases with a gear edge, connected by ends to a continuous tape, have their own, only inherent advantages to them. The width draped, left by them, drank less width from disk saws. When sawing ordinary wood, this feature may not be too important, however, when cutting valuable wood and cutting expensive metal, this is significantly.

Small width of the cut causes relatively low energy costs for cutting the material. And, finally, the ribbon saw can cut the workpiece of almost any thickness, while the geometry of the disc saw imposes restrictions on the thickness of the material cut by it.

However, in order to use all these advantages, tape saws must be able to correctly prepare for work. The main preparatory operations include sharpening and wiring tape saws.

Ribbon saws are made from different materials. depending on what material they are intended for.

Daws for wood are made of instrumental alloy steel having a hardness of 40-45 HRC. Domestic manufacturers use 9XF, B2F steel (for ribbon saw for metal) and others. foreign. their own steel (C75, UDDEHOLM UHB 15, etc.). When hardening the teeth of such saws of high frequency currents, they can acquire hardness up to 64 HRC and above.

Saws for cutting carbon steels and non.ferrous metals of small thickness are also made of instrumental steel with mandatory hardening teeth with high frequency currents. However, more often for cutting metal, bimetallic saws are used, in which the canvas is made of spring steel, and a strip on which teeth are cut, ribbon saw of high.speed steel with a high molphram and cobalt. After quenching, it acquires hardness up to 65-69 HRC. High.speed steel is welded to the base of the saw by an electronic beam.

Teeth with greater wear resistance are obtained by giving them with stellite (with chromium and cobalt with the additions of tungsten and/or molybdenum) or soldering plates from hard alloys to them. Such saws surpass in their cutting abilities bimetallic. They are used for cutting fiberglass, automings, cables, reinforced plastics, heat.resistant alloys, graphite, aerated concrete, bricks and other difficult to process materials.

Specific cars for a large family of sharpening ribbon saws are determined by manufacturers based on many factors. In general, such a dependence can be distinguished. the harder the wood, the smaller the front angle (γ).

Different shape of the tooth is also used for metal saws, depending on which metal they are designed. Daws with a constant step distinguish between two main forms.

Standard, designed for cutting thin.walled metal with a short chip with front angle (γ) equal to 0 °.

A tooth with a positive front angle (γ) used in saws for cutting thick.walled metal with long chips.

For thin-walled material, saws with a relatively small step are used (the number of teeth on an inch nuclear family from 4 to 18). Saws for cutting thick-walled material do not need a large number of teeth, their number is 1.25-6 teeth per inch.

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To eliminate the effect of resonance, leading to the vibrations of the canvas, some saws are taken with a variable step, in which the distance between the teeth changes within the framework of a separate group. The size of the step is indicated by the largest and smallest values.

A divorce is the operation of bending the saws of the saw in one side in order to reduce the friction of the saw canvas on the saw wall and prevent its clamping. In order for the canvas to move freely in the propyle, the width of the latter should be more than the thickness of the canvas by 30-60%.

There are several types of wiring, the names of which may differ in different manufacturers. The main species are.

Correct divorce and sharpening of a strip saw. half of success!

The most important factor in the success of the business for logging is what saws are used in production. The size of the saw and the material from which it is made, and the technology, are important, are important.

Ribbon saws, which are canvases with a gear edge, connected by ends to a continuous tape, have their own, only inherent advantages to them. The width draped, left by them, drank less width from disk saws. When sawing ordinary wood.

Ribbon saws, which are canvases with a gear edge, connected by ends to a continuous tape, have their own, only inherent advantages to them. The width draped, left by them, drank less width from disk saws. When sawing ordinary wood.

How to sharpen and breed a saw

Ribbon saws are often sold in an unsteady state. A professional tool must be diluted first, and then sharpen. Once every two to three years the process of wiring is repeated. Incorrectly divorced and poorly sharpened saw can ruin all the work.

How to sharpen and dilute the saw correctly? First you need to understand the essence of these processes. After all, the preparation of a manual tool is different from the preparation of electrical. Manual saws have a completely different form of teeth and work technician.

Why dilute the saw

Wiring is such a process, as a result of which the teeth of the strip saw are bent in different directions. Even teeth are bent in one direction, odd. into the other.

Before you dilute the strip saw, you need to understand why it is necessary. Meaningless processes usually do not bring good result. It is known that during sawing the width of the saw should be twice as much as the thickness of the saw canvas. If the cut will be already, then the saw will begin to get stuck in it. With incorrect wiring, curvature of the canvas is possible. As a result, the saw will go crookedly, and it will not work out evenly.

Methods of wiring

One of the simplest ways to breed the saws of the saw is carried out using pliers. You just need to take each clove and bend alternately in different directions.

The tooth must be clamped by two.thirds, then the slope will be correct.

As a result of such work, half of the teeth will be bent to the right, and half. to the left. Another wiring method is carried out using a special tool.

Sharpening

After breeding, the saw must be sharpened. This is done using a special set of simple tools. You can sharpen the strip saw just with the help of a regular trihedral file. During sharpening, moving the file from yourself, it is pressed to the teeth. Moving in the opposite direction, it must be slightly rejected.

If you can sharpen a disk saw only with the help of a whole set of tools, the strip can be brought into the working condition of only a simple trihedral file.

The teeth of the strip saw should be pointed from two peaks.

In the working process, you can also undermine the teeth with the help of a bar. Когда пилу постоянно точат, то разводка постепенно пропадает, зубчики выравниваются. In order to return the tool to the tool, breeding is repeated again. Capital wiring and sharpening are not required so often.

Drink care

It is important to be able to be able not only to breed and grind. You must also be able to store it. When the tool is not operated, it must be placed in a warm and dry place. If moisture falls on the saw, then it will rust.

Even processed by special compounds, the saw will not be able to resist all aggressive factors.

You need to take care of the instrument, and then it will serve for a very long time. A saw usually wrapped in material is stored. You can also provide a case for her. It is not recommended to leave the tool for the winter on the balcony.

Types of strip saws

Ribbon saws differ in the size of the tooth. You should also highlight:

Two.handed saws sharpen and are bred in the same way as ordinary single. The whole difference of such a tool is that two people work with it at once.

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With the help of tape saws, the wood and varieties of this material are most often sawed. The tree does not require too much exposure, it is a soft material that is easily sawn and drilled. However, in the process, it is advisable to fix the logs and boards still. During sawing, you must be careful and not keep your hand too close to the cut of the cut. This can lead to serious injuries.

For primary processing of wood, sawmills are used, with which the workpiece is cut into the elements required in size and shape. One of the most common machines for sawing wood is a strip saw that has a number of advantages over other types.

For primary processing of wood, sawmills are used, with which the workpiece is cut into the elements required in size and shape. One of the most common machines for sawing wood is a strip saw that has a number of advantages over other types.

In order for the cutting canvas to work as long as possible, it requires periodic maintenance. This includes sharpening and divorce drank tape sawmill. These operations should be carried out, otherwise the canvas will be very quickly dull, and the productivity of the machine will decrease a lot. Further use of such a tape can lead to its destruction.

A few words about the most popular models of tape sawmills

If you are interested in equipment, then for sure information about the most popular models will not be superfluous. Stamps have proven themselves very well: Taiga, Altai, Altai 3, Vanguard, Dobrynya Nikitich, Spectrum, MV 2000, Titan.

Vanguard

Pylorams of this brand are characterized by performance and high quality work. In addition to the accuracy of processing, the machines are characterized by low energy intensity. The avant-garde LP is light in transportation and installation, as it does not require a special foundation.

Atlant

This model serves for the longitudinal sawing of logs. At the output, boards, bars, sleepers are obtained. The design of Atlanta is very powerful and has a number of advantages. Thanks to this LP, you can get products with excellent quality.

MV-2000

This powerful machine cuts logs onto the boards and the beams of different lengths and thicknesses. The model is very reliable in operation. The design of the MV-2000 is characterized by increased rigidity and strength.

Features of the future model

DIY tape sawmill is an option for obtaining that unit, which over time can be modified. For example, if the owner of the structure initially made it for the dissolution of logs, and then decided that it would be nice to produce a beam on it also.

This sawmill is collected in a modular way. If there are no skills of such works, it is better to dwell on an elementary model, finding a fairly simple drawing. Having dealt with it, you need to get an idea of ​​the features of the preparation of such schemes, get acquainted with various instructions for assembling tape sawmills.

The same or universal design is the next “stumbling block”, so the master should decide which work is more important for him. dissolution on boards or receiving individual segments from logs. If both are planned, then it is better to immediately dwell on the universal version.

The main quality for ribbon.type sawmill is its inviolability, because logs have a rather impressive weight and impressive dimensions. Therefore, in the manufacture of a bed, in addition to intensive loads, it is necessary to ensure maximum stability.

Do.it.yourself assembly is not as complicated as it might seem at first glance. The next stage is usually much more difficult. the preparation of the unit for work. The biggest delay in the way to the goal is wiring, sharpening the saw itself.