How to breed a hacksaw on wood

Saw sharpening

To sharpen the teeth of a hacksaw, we need: a sharp file (preferably a new one), a file with a fine notch, a special device for fixing the blade.
If everything is clear with the file and file, then you will have to tinker with the clamping device.

A homemade device allows you to attach the saw blade with an inclination of 90 and 45 degrees, which is very important for proper sharpening. Here’s how to do it:

Clamping and support strips with dimensions of 400x150x25 mm, they can be made from hardwood boards: beech, oak or plywood. In the strips we cut longitudinal grooves with dimensions of 50 by 9 mm, for M8 bolts, as shown in the figure. The grooves are located at the ends of the strips, parallel to them.

Base. a strip for the base, we make it from the same board as the clamping and support strip, only the length is increased by 100 mm. 50 mm from each end. We need these protrusions to attach the base to a workbench or table using clamps.

The support bar is connected to the base using card loops. canopies.

We attach a block to the base (using self-tapping screws), which will limit the inclination of the clamp to 45 degrees. In order for the clamp to lie tightly on the limiter bar, we grind it at the desired angle.

That’s it, the device is ready. To sharpen the saw, place the blade between the support and clamping bar and clamp it using M8 bolts with wing nuts. Since the bolts “go” in the grooves, we set the required depth of the hacksaw blade so that the teeth protrude 15-25 mm above the clamp. Here is a drawing and diagram of the device:

Saw sharpening device: 1. table cover; 2. base; 3. tool (hacksaw); 4. clamping bar (2 pcs.); 5. M8 bolts with washers and wing nuts; 6. clamp (2 pcs.); 7. card loop (2 pcs.); 8. support; 9. screw (2 pcs.); 10. support bar; parts 2.4 are made of beech board with a section of 150 × 25 mm; clamps are not shown in view A.

Hand-cut Dovetail With Hacksaw And Chisel

To sharpen a cross-cut saw, the blade must be installed in the device at an angle of 45 degrees, then sharpening is performed with a triangular file, while the tool is at an angle of 60-75 degrees in relation to the tooth. With a sharp file, 3-4 movements are usually sufficient. as soon as a sharp top and a side edge are obtained, move on to the next. Thus, we sharpen all the left edges of the odd (distant) teeth, after which we turn the canvas with the other side.

The longitudinal and mixed wood hacksaws are sharpened in a vertical position, at 90 degrees in relation to the table. Sharpening technology is exactly the same as for transverse.

After sharpening, burrs form on the reverse sides of the hacksaw teeth. we grind them with a file with a velvet notch or a bar.

Tooth setting at home

Today, at home, you practically cannot find special devices designed for servicing a hacksaw for metal. However, even in its absence, it is possible to carry out the work with improvised tools. The recommendations are as follows:

• To begin with, the hacksaw must be securely clamped in a vice. This is due to the fact that you need to apply a lot of effort to bend.
• Bending can be done using pliers. In order to maintain the correct angle, you must first create a template.
• than one cutting edge element must not be missed. In this case, attention should be paid to the condition of the surface, since the detected defects indicate that the hacksaw for wood cannot be used.

Even at home, in the absence of a special mechanism, you can carry out the correct wiring and significantly extend the operating life of the saw for wood. At the same time, it is important to maintain the required angle, since too wide a cut causes a significant decrease in productivity, too narrow leads to heating of the working part and its severe wear.

Some firms provide services related to carrying out such work. Note that the cost of a special mechanism is relatively small, so it is best to purchase it and the procedure can be carried out repeatedly.

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How to properly spread the teeth of a hacksaw?

A fairly common question is how to separate the teeth of a hacksaw on wood. If they are misaligned in the same mowing line, the cut is narrow and the cutter gets stuck in one place. In this case, the metal quickly heats up, due to which it begins to expand. It is highly recommended to use special mechanisms to carry out the setting of the teeth. Recommendations for the work carried out are as follows:

• The saw is clamped in a vise for a secure fit. The possibility of damage to the working part can be eliminated by using plywood as a lining.
• All cutting elements are bent one by one at the recommended angle.

When considering how to make a divorce on a hacksaw, we note that several elements deflected at a greater angle can complicate sawing.

Saw setter

The spreading of the cutting edge in different directions eliminates the possibility of the blade getting stuck at the time of work. An example is the case when, when cutting a thick log, the canvas cannot be moved and removed. Also, the saw can jam due to the heating of the metal and its expansion, the hot part can heat up the resin and turn it into a kind of glue.

Use a hacksaw setter to avoid such problems. Do not forget that mistakes made during work can lead to even greater problems. The procedure under consideration can be carried out using the following tools:

• There are special mechanisms. They allow manual displacement of individual elements relative to each other. It should be borne in mind that a similar design option is made for certain products.
• Mechanical wiring is most commonly used. They allow you to change the angle of position, as well as their width. This tool is characterized by higher efficiency in application.
• The handy version is not intended for working with a hacksaw on wood, but can be used for this. An example is pliers and other handy tools found in almost every workshop.

If cutting is carried out frequently, then experts recommend purchasing a special device that allows you to quickly set the required angle.

Theoretical part

To ensure a high quality cut, you need to understand the mechanism of the effect of the edges of the hacksaw teeth on the material being processed. Unlike steel and plastic, wood is a heterogeneous material, it is because of this quality that several types of saws have been developed, differing in the profile of the teeth, the angle of their sharpening and the degree of divorce. All types of hacksaws for wood, their characteristics and technical data are specified in GOST 26215-84.

The main types of hacksaw teeth for wood. 1. for cross cutting Type 1; 2. for cross cutting Type 2; 3. for longitudinal sawing Type 1; 4. for longitudinal sawing Type 2; 5. for universal sawing

There are three types of hacksaws: cross-cut, rip-cut, and multi-purpose. The main difference lies in the cutting principle: when sawing wood across the fibers, fragments of different densities are encountered along the path of the tooth. On the one hand, this circumstance plays into the hands: the resulting chips are smaller and can be easily removed from the contact zone, which allows the presence of sharpening on both sides of the sawing tooth, both in the forward and reverse feed direction. On the other hand, cutting across the fibers takes place partly for impact, and accordingly, more obtuse angles of descents of cutting edges are required.

The teeth of all types of hacksaws are set, they are alternately inclined in different directions from the longitudinal axis of the blade. Due to this, in the longitudinal profile of a row of hacksaw teeth, a kind of dovetail is formed. two sets of cutting wedges formed by the tips of the cutting edges of the teeth. Accordingly, at the bottom of the cut, the hacksaw forms two grooves, which ensures uniform step removal and effective chip evacuation.

It is important in the process of wiring to achieve the bend of each tooth by an equal amount, and in principle, using special tools, it is not difficult to do it. If the teeth of the blade are out of order. where the bend angle is greater and where it is less, then difficulties will arise when working with such a saw. teeth with a large angle will interfere with the saw’s progress in the cut.

The wiring process is pretty straightforward:

If you use the tool “setting” with an emphasis, then first of all the saw blade is fixed securely in a vice, so that only the teeth stick out above the “jaws” of the vice, then the required distance is set on the tool with an emphasis on the tool. First, the teeth are bent to one side, by gripping into the slot of the tool about half the length of the tooth. Then we repeat the procedure with the second group of teeth, bending them to the same distance only in the other direction.

How to spread the teeth of a hacksaw on wood

A saw is often used for processing wood blanks, changing the length and shape. This tool is represented by a combination of a working part and a handle. In this case, the working part is represented by a metal plate with cutting elements, which are located in a certain sequence relative to each other. Only with proper and timely maintenance can the possibility of wear and tear on the product be eliminated. An example is a set of teeth, which is performed from time to time to ensure smooth tool travel along the resulting cut.

Determining the right moment

Without experience, people often go from one extreme to another and either sharpen the saw every few days or once a year. Timing the need for sharpening is the wrong approach.

There are a number of signs that indicate that the teeth are dull:

• The blade regularly gets stuck in the wood.
• When sawing, the sound changes, it becomes more “dull”.
• The shade of the teeth changes.

• Material resistance increases significantly.
• The ends of the teeth are noticeably rounded.
• The blade leaves the cut line.

Sharpening instruction

First you need to prepare the equipment you need to work:

To make the sharpening better, you can prepare additional tools:

• A device that allows you to mount the saw at the required angle.
• Locksmith hammer.

The need for sharpening

The most obvious plus of sharpness is the speed of sawing. When working in the country, this is even more important than in a workshop, since you often have to work in cramped conditions, standing in an uncomfortable position. A poorly sharpened blade gets stuck in wood, especially when it is damp. In addition, there is a risk that the blade will break off and injure the worker.

The practical benefits of pungency include:

• Accuracy of the performed cuts.
• Longer blade life.

• Savings on hacksaw replacement.
• High productivity of carpentry.

Improvements to the quality of sharpening

The above was a classic option that anyone can use. There is a way to make the sharpening process more efficient and easier.

When using a multi-axis vise with a rotating bed, you can fix the blade so that you only have to move the file in a horizontal plane.

How to dilate and sharpen a hand saw

When working with wood, a tool such as a hand saw or a hacksaw is often used. Over time, the blade will wear out, making the sawing process more difficult. In this case, it is necessary to open the saw. This procedure consists in the fact that the teeth are unbent in different directions manually or automatically.

Required sharpening tool

To perform such a seemingly simple operation, you will need a rather impressive list of tools. However, if one of them is not at hand, you can try to find a replacement for it. What you cannot do without is a workbench with a vice, since only with their help the saw can be rigidly fixed for work. The rest of the list looks like this:

• device “wiring”, which, if absent, can be replaced with high-quality pliers. In this case, you will have to determine the approximate distance from the center for each tooth yourself;
• a sharpening bar with sandpaper or a set of files and files;
• hammer;
• additional light source;
• in some cases, you may need a caliper and protractor to make accurate measurements.

Hacksaw made from Plywood

A separate mention is the method of sharpening hand saws using an angle grinder. In this case, you will need the presence of the angle grinder itself, a workbench and a pair of clamps, since the blade will need to be fixed horizontally.

Leveling Height

After the setting has been made, the hacksaw must be checked for the same height of the teeth. Since the force could be applied unevenly to it, there is a chance of the appearance of teeth with less wear, which will protrude above the rest.

To identify these teeth on a hacksaw, you can use a simple method. It will need thick paper or cardboard along the length of the cutting blade. The sheet must be laid on a flat surface, for example a table, well leveled, and then forcefully press the cutting part of the blade against it. Prongs that are knocked out of the general row will make deeper dents in the surface.

This makes them easy to spot and correct before sharpening. To remove excess height, various files are used. During this work, you should strive to preserve the shape of each hacksaw tooth as much as possible.