Cultivator of room fly larvae with their own hands

The 2 best ways to fight flies at home. Top remedies

With the advent of heat, living spaces turn into a haven of annoying buzzing insects, which at the same time are able to carry various infections. What to say about barns with cattle How to get rid of flies as quickly and effectively as possible?

It is best to monitor the cleanliness in the house and in the cottage, do not allow the accumulation of food and dirt leftovers. In the presence of two-wings, you can use both store remedies and proven folk recipes.

Potassium permanganate

Commonly known disinfectant. a solution of manganese solution affects not so much the midges themselves and their larvae, as the bacterial and putrefactive microflora. Left without food, the pests gradually die out. Kills fungal spores at the same time, and this cures the flower.

• Dissolve a few crystals in water.
• The solution should be weak and have a soft pink hue. Otherwise the roots will be burned.
• Liberally water the soil in the pot.
• Wait until the soil dries out and then water it one more time (if the problem persists).

It is best to use tar soap or special green soap, but even the simplest household soap will do. The soap film covering the leaves and stems prevents the pests from feeding properly. In direct contact with the body of the insect, the fatty acid solution has a deleterious effect on the insect.

• Grind 100 grams of soap on a fine grater.
• Pour a small amount of water.
• Let stand for 2-3 hours.
• When the soap turns into a slippery and viscous mass, bring the volume of the solution to 0.5 liters.
• Spray the affected flowers and sprinkle the soil in containers.
• Repeat the treatment for two weeks every 2-3 days.

Cultivation of larvae of synanthropic flies

Recycling waste using the larvae of some species of anthropoid flies makes it possible to prevent environmental pollution and transform manure, poultry manure into useful products for humans up to 20 times faster than it happens in nature. Flies are highly reproductive, fast growing, develop in organic waste with humidity from 20 to 95% and pH from 4.5 to 9.0. Our country has a special fly population for disposal of human and animal organic waste. You can get at least 500 kg of bio-fertilizer and up to 200 kg of larvae biomass from every ton of waste.

Larvae cause a considerable reduction in bacterial contamination of the waste material. In the process of fly larvae feeding the source substratum turns into a loose deodorized mass. “bio-fertilizer. It is an effective fertilizer with high humified organic matter, balanced in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Its application to soil increases crop yields in open and protected areas, enhances plant immunity, accelerates plant growth and development, and reduces soil and subsoil infections. It is also used as the main component in the compost for growing mushrooms.

In 5 days from 1 ton of organic waste animal with a pH of 4.5 to 9.0 and humidity from 20 to 90%, we get up to 50% of “bioperennial” and up to 20% of the biomass of insects. Larval biomass is used as a fodder additive in the form of paste, flour or granulate instead of meat and fish meal. It contains up to 60% protein with a complete set of amino acids, including essential amino acids, up to 30% digestible fat, up to 20% carbohydrates, biologically active compounds, B vitamins, growth stimulants. Inclusion of larvae biomass in the diet of chickens in the amount of 11.5% allows replacing up to 40% of food products (millet, eggs). Biomass is also used for fattening pigs and fur animals.

In addition to these products, fly larvae process manure and poultry manure to produce chitosan, a biopolymer made from the chitinous membranes of fly larvae. It can be used as a raw material for the pharmaceutical industry as it has the ability to remove radionuclides from humans and animals, from water and soil. In medicine it can be used as a means of treatment of some kinds of leukemia, as a material for self-absorbing sutures, contact lenses, and medical preparations for healing wounds, including stomach ulcers. Chitosan is used in production of especially valuable papers for Goznak and in cartography.

The technology of utilization of animal waste by means of larvae of synanthropic flies was known more than half a century ago (since 1937).). The technology of utilization of litter-free manure of pigs by means of room flies was developed under the guidance of academician L.A. Dukhovny. К. Ernst. However, despite its high efficiency and value, it has not been widely used either in Russia or abroad.

Fig. 3 presents a schematic diagram of the construction of a module for recycling waste by means of fly larvae. The design is quite simple, consisting of a transport system for mixing pallets of manure or manure, combined with a temperature control system. Trays are stacked to maximize utilization of room volume; moving trays in the tray provides efficient use of heat to heat manure or manure during the initial stages of processing. The machine is equipped with an environmental control unit to guarantee environmentally friendly production.

The construction site of the shops for the disposal of this technology, even in pilot plants, will not exceed 10. 15% of the area of a livestock farm.

In addition to the above mentioned biotransformation of waste there are technologies for processing of organic waste from livestock complexes Invertebrates, protozoa and other organisms.

Protozoa. are single-celled organisms capable of assimilating soluble and insoluble nutrients in aerobic wastewater treatment systems. Among them are flagellates, ciliates and stem ciliates.

The active sludge free plants, free of protozoa, produce an extremely turbid effluent. This turbidity is created by the presence of a large number of dispersed bacteria. As a result, BOD and non-soluble solids in the effluent are very high. When ciliated protozoa are added to these plants, the quality of the effluent is improved and the number of bacteria is reduced.

Protozoa (flagellates and infusoria) are active participants in the decomposition of organic compounds in waste water. flagellates, like bacteria, absorb and recycle organic compounds. They also feed on bacteria by ingesting them through their mouths. Infusoria are active filter feeders that also absorb bacteria. By doing so, they reduce the density of the bacterial mass, stimulate the continuous process of bacterial reproduction and, by rejuvenating the bacterial flora of the activated sludge of treatment facilities of pig fattening complexes, activate its activity.

Further deodorization and decontamination of solid waste by fermentation with thermophilic microorganisms at 60. 80°C for 3. 4 days makes it possible to obtain a highly active organic fertilizer. The disposal of the solid fraction of waste from pig farms can have the following solutions:

masterok

Before that, I read about a snail farm and a spider farm. But as it turns out, flies are also a good business.

This is the story of entrepreneur Igor Istomin, who built a real fly farm. Igor explains why flies aren’t really disgusting, how maggots help little piglets and chickens survive and why a small factory producing insect larvae should appear in every poultry farm someday.

When I was a kid, I had this weird thing. precisely, I had a lot of strange things, but now I will tell you about only one. I really liked the flies. My parents used to hang sticky insect repellents in our country house, and from time to time half-deprived, unhappy and dying flies would fall from them onto the table. I picked them up and planted them in a transparent box with holes for air. it was a hospital. When another insect, despite my best efforts, still died, I seemed to get very upset. I also liked to put a fly on my hand and watch it crawling all over it. my hand felt nice and itchy. You must have cringed, reader? That’s the way my parents used to squirm. And they used to say: “Julia, do you have any idea WHERE they walked with those claws??”.

It is commonly believed that adults are better judges of everything, and children should listen to them without asking unnecessary questions. But as far as flies go, I seem to have been closer to the truth than my parents were at the age of five.

These hairs secrete a microsecret that disinfects everything. In Napoleonic times, fly larvae were used to clean wounds that were hard to heal. they perfectly remove necrotic tissues and keep the living ones intact. Microsecretum is rich in immunomodulators and healing is faster. In America, this method is still sometimes used in surgery today.

Until 2014, Igor Istomin was in the household appliance business, but with the onset of crisis times he decided to sell his business and start some new promising business. His friends suggested that he build a small factory together to produce grouse, and Igor invested the money from the sale of the business in the venture.

Actually, even before I started selling household appliances, I was a swimming coach,” says Igor And not a bad one at that. So biology was close to me, I was quite good at it. It seemed to me that the production of fish grouper was kind of superficial, the breeding of larvae could give the world much more than just bait for fish. I started to study this subject more and more, my sons helped me, and as a result, by 2015 they and I produced the first pilot batch of excellent fodder protein, and in January 2016 we demonstrated it at the exhibition at VDNKh.

As Igor Istomin explains, he didn’t have to invent any new technology. nature did everything already. Flies have been around for more than twenty million years. they survived the Ice Age and many other natural disasters, unlike mammoths, dinosaurs and the Mauritian dodo. Which means there is something in this insect’s body that promotes survival.

At any agricultural enterprise, be it a poultry farm or a fish hatchery, quite a lot of waste is produced. For example, five to seven percent of poultry die. chicks occasionally die because of weak immunity or break something. There is also always food and plant waste at the enterprises, and they all cause a lot of trouble. they have to be stored, disposed of, and special acidifiers added, so that in two years this waste will turn into fertilizer and can be taken to the fields. If you don’t do all this, you may have problems with the environmental services. As Igor Istomin explains, his “fly farm” may become an ideal example of waste-free production, and then you do not have to spend money and time on waste disposal at agricultural enterprises.

EACH INSECTARIUM CAGE HOLDS AROUND TWO HUNDRED THOUSAND FLIES, AND THERE ARE FIVE SUCH CAGES ON THE FARM, WHICH MEANS WE HAVE AROUND ONE MILLION FLIES IN TOTAL.

They eat sugar and powdered milk and drink water. Each cage contains a small box- Igor calls it a “lunch box”-with minced meat inside. “New Technology cooperates with the poultry farm, which gives away birds that didn’t manage to survive.

The rearing house has special cabinets with trays where the staff places the clutches and adds more fresh meat. Then larvae emerge from the eggs and feed on them. During growth, fly larvae emit a lot of ammonia, so each cabinet is connected to a ventilation system, with the air going through a special microbiological filter when outdoors.

IN FOUR DAYS EACH LARVA INCREASES THREE HUNDRED AND FIFTY TO FOUR HUNDRED TIMES, AND TWO HUNDRED GRAMS OF MEAT PER GRAM OF LARVAE ARE NEEDED.

They have no stomach, so to say that they eat this meat would be wrong. They release larval juice on the meat, which is rich in enzymes and nutrients. Under their influence, the meat quickly decomposes and turns into mush, and then the larvae pass many times through the resulting substance. It grows, and the resulting substrate is enriched with enzymes and becomes useful.

After three to five days, when the larvae have grown, they are taken together with the substrate obtained from the meat to a special workshop. To separate the grown-up larvae from the substrate, everything together is poured out on a fine mesh. the larvae crawl through it, and the dry fibrous mass, which was once minced meat, remains on the mesh.

Then the substrate is bagged and left for 24 hours. At 65 degrees it gets burnt out by anaerobic bacteria. Then they’re dried and ground.

Today in most agricultural industries animals receive protein in the form of fishmeal. But in the last fifteen years it has become eight times more expensive, and the world’s fish stocks are gradually running out, as it turns out that animals are competing with humans for it. And the industry’s demand for animal proteins is enormous. in Russia, their annual deficit is about a million tons. It turns out that it is urgent to find alternative sources of this protein. And Igor Istomin thinks that he has found such source.

However, it turned out that it is not so easy to set up zero-waste production in Russia. there is simply no regulatory framework for it. In the beginning we couldn’t get the product certified, because the companies that make it didn’t know how to work with dried maggots,” he says. Then it turned out that the law requires that organic waste must be incinerated, buried or thermally treated. There’s no other way to process it. So we have to demonstrate the new technology over and over again and prove to everyone that it works.

So far, Igor Istomin’s enterprise remains unprofitable: in order for it to start making a profit, it needs to greatly expand its area and hire more workers. So far we only have enough capacity to produce sample batches. we send them as samples to factories and plants so that we can test the new food and compare it with fish meal.

Cultivator larvae room fly with their own hands

The invention relates to agricultural production. The method includes bioconversion of a wide spectrum of agricultural (organic) wastes, including manure and dung, alcohol bard, beer pellets, grain wastes, illiquid seeds of various agricultural crops, waste from booths, sugar production waste, various cake and meal, dairy production waste, food waste, etc., with Hermetia illucens fly larvae.

The proposed method involves the processing of organic waste with obtaining a protein product (protein more than 40%) and biohumus. The main purpose of this method is to produce high-quality protein product as the main alternative to fish meal or its partial replacement, and environmentally friendly bio-fertilizer suitable for organic farming.

A known method of producing biohumus by processing farm animal manure and mixtures based on manure with cellulose filler using compost worms (Eisenia fetida, Eisenia anrei) (RU 2550037 C2, Publ. 10.05.2015). The disadvantages of this method include the duration of the recycling process (2-6 months) and the need to pre-prepare the substrate by composting or washing with water until key parameters (acidity, ammonia, alcoholic fermentation) reach the threshold of normal life activity of compost worms.

There are also methods for cultivation of larvae of synanthropic flies using tiered transport devices in the form of transporters both with and without baffles against larval migration (RU 2170011 C1, op. 10.07.2001). Conveyors are located in insulated ducts blown by heated airflow. However, these are quite bulky and expensive constructions, in addition, there are disadvantages associated with the separation of larval biomass, and certain limitations. with the moisture content of the food substrate.

There is a way of manure processing directly in the manure channels of pig buildings using the transporter and portioning of processed manure without mixing of substrate layers inhabited and uninhabited by larvae (RU 2390126 C2, publ. 27.05.2010). Larval biomass is concentrated in the upper layers of the substrate during processing, which facilitates their separation. This method of pig manure processing can be carried out directly within pig complexes and does not require unnecessary costs for the construction of facilities for larval culturing. However, this is a rather specialized method, applicable under specific conditions on a particular food substrate.

Larvae of diptera (Diptera) are known to produce food protein. The flour obtained after drying the larvae contains 48-52% protein and up to 27-35% fat. The obtained larval biomass is used in a natural or dried form. Scientific studies conducted on fish, poultry, pigs, confirm the possibility of using fly larvae meal in their diet. In addition, there is a method for obtaining a probiotic feed supplement containing the protein of Hermetia illucens fly larvae grown on grain wheat (RU 2576200 C1, publ. 27.02.2016). This method showed the effectiveness of using larvae to enrich the probiotic preparation, which was reflected in its biological activity and was confirmed by the material presented.

A known method of processing organic waste (pig manure) by the larvae of flies Hermetia illucens (“black lioness”, “black soldier”), according to which adults (adult flies) are kept in an insectarium, receive eggs, place the larvae formed from eggs in a tank with manure, incubate the mass for manure processing and separate the larval biomass (Larry Newton et al. “Using the Black Soldier Fly, Hermetia illucens, as a Value-Added Tool for the Management of Swine Manure,” June 6, 2005, Internet page http://www.organicvaluerecovery.com/studies/studies_htm_files/bsf_value_added.pdf).

A known method of culturing the larvae of synanthropic flies on native pig manure to produce larval biomass for fodder purposes, as well as biofertilizer (RU 2088080 C1, op. cit. 27.08.1997). The essence of this method consists in obtaining fly ovipositions in the reproducer, incubation and rearing of larvae in the pre-cultivator, processing of feed substrate and accumulation of larval biomass in the cultivator, followed by separation of larvae of the last age from biohumus. Due to the 2-step larval culturing stage, this method reduces the total time of the bioconversion process as well as the working area of the cultivator. This method has some disadvantages. In particular, it is not suitable for processing substrates with high content of plant polymers (cellulose, heminocellulose, lignin) because house flies are not able to process plant polymers. In addition, the housefly is a potential carrier of bacterial and fungal infections.

The closest to the proposed is a method of processing organic waste by Hermetia illucens fly larvae to obtain animal protein and biohumus, which consists in preparing a substrate of cow manure, which is dehydrated, fermented for 1-2 days using lactic acid bacteria, inoculate the resulting substrate with larvae of flies Hermetia illucens aged 3-4 days, bioconvert the substrate for 5-6 days and separate the resulting larval biomass from the resulting biohumus (CN 104844288 A, 19.08.2015). On the substrate obtained from 100 kg of cow manure, 20 kg of larvae are inoculated and after processing, 32.3 kg of larval biomass is obtained, that is, there is an increase in larval biomass of only 1.6 times. The disadvantage of the known method is a low yield of larval biomass.

The technical problem solved by the proposed method is to quickly and without significant costs utilize organic wastes of a wide range, including manure of farm animals, poultry manure factories, into a highly effective environmentally friendly fertilizer, obtain a product of animal origin with high m protein (biochemical composition of larvae grown on different feed substrates presented in Table 2), create a waste-free, highly cost-effective, environmentally friendly agricultural production.

The technical problem is solved by the method of processing of organic wastes, according to which eggs of Hermetia illucens flies are obtained, then eggs are incubated and larvae are grown on nutrient medium, II-III age larvae are separated, these larvae are populated on substrate at a density of 2.5-5.0 Ecz/cm2. Bioconversion of substrate within 7-14 days and separation of larvae biomass from resulting biohumus.

Preferably, a nutrient mixture based on cereals is used as a nutrient medium for rearing larvae.

In addition, as a substrate for processing it is possible to use manure of farm animals, or poultry manure, or a mixture of poultry manure and straw, or alcohol bard, or beer pellets, or grain wastes, or bran, or illiquid crop seeds, or cake, or meal meal or food wastes.

The technical result achieved by the proposed method consists in the fact that the separation of larvae of II-III ages and their colonization of the substrate provides a more economical use of planting material, which is directly related to the number of brood flies, allows the exclusion of unfertilized eggs, which for various reasons can lay flies, and to calculate the exact number of larvae needed to populate a particular type of forage substrate (ex/cm 2 ).

The proposed method of processing organic waste to produce biomass of insect larvae and biohumus consists of the following stages: obtaining eggs of flies Hermetia illucens, incubation of eggs and juveniles of larvae on nutrient medium, separation of larvae of II-III instars, populating these larvae with organic substrate located in stackable containers, bioconversion of organic substrate, separation of larval biomass from biohumus, thermal processing of larvae, packaging of biohumus. The introduction of the stage of separation of larvae of II-III instars allows a more efficient use of planting material: to exclude unfertilized and dead eggs from the calculation, and accurately calculate the required number of larvae to populate a certain volume of feed substrate, reduce the area of nursery space. Thanks to homogenization of the substrate and moisture control during processing, separation of the larvae biomass from the biohumus by sieving, which simplifies the construction of the system and allows for structuring the biohumus.

In the suggested method, eggs are first placed in an incubator on a specially prepared nutrient mixture at the ratio of 1 g eggs per 0,15 kg of mixture. Then perform separation of larvae, separation of II-III instars larvae and their weighing to determine their number. Infestation of the substrate by larvae with a density of 2.5-5.0 ex/cm 2.

The process of bioconversion of organic waste by the proposed method lasts from 7 to 14 days, depending on the feeding substrate and environmental conditions. Manure and other substrates are processed completely, the data on the conversion of different wastes are presented in table 1. The average mass of one larva of Hermetia illucens on nutrient substrates is 200 mg.

The proposed method provides the possibility to process feed substrata with high m cellulose, because the peculiarities of digestion of the larvae of black lion fly (Hermetia illucens), unlike the larvae of house flies, allow to digest substrata with high m cellulose.

To initiate the reproduction and egg-laying process in the housefly, it needs a certain protein diet.

The Hermetia illucens fly used in this method does not feed during the imago stage; for successful reproduction, it needs source of water and light similar in spectrum to natural light.

The life cycle of the fly Hermetia illucens (from egg to egg) is about 40 days. On the second day after the appearance of the fly begin to mate, and in another 2 days. to egg laying. Eggs are daily extracted from the uterus, weighed and transferred to the nutrient medium for incubation and rearing larvae to II-III age. As a nutrient medium for the undergrowth of larvae use a mixture of crushed wheat with fodder yeast (5-7%), moisture content of 65%. Other grains can also be used. The duration of this stage is about 7 days. Larvae of II-III instars are separated with a hand sieve (2 mm cell size) and inoculated (density 2.5-5 animals/cm2 ) on shredded and homogenized organic waste with 65-80% moisture content in stackable plastic containers. Thickness of the layer of waste is about 10 cm. As a result of microbiological processes, the temperature of the feed substrate can rise up to 50°C at a room temperature of 20°C. Duration of the processing stage is 7-14 days, depending on the type of organic waste and abiotic conditions. After completing the process of bioconversion the moisture content of biohumus is less than 30%, and biomass of larvae is separated from it with the help of shaking sieve (mesh 4 mm). Larvae (70% moisture content of larvae) are dried at 90°С and biohumus is packaged. The conversion values and larval biomass yields obtained with different nutrient substrates are presented in table 1. Substrate loss of up to 80% (dry matter) of the substrate is the result of reprocessing the waste material with this method. Up to 198 kg of larvae (dry matter content) can be produced per ton of feed substrate.

From the data shown in Table 1 it is seen that although the lowest values of feed substrates conversion and yield of larvae biomass are observed on the substrates with high content of plant biopolymers, in principle it is possible to process them by the proposed method.

Table 2 gives the chemical composition of the larvae reared on different organic substrates.

Table 3 shows the amino acid composition of larvae reared on different substrates.

Why occasional and facultative myiasis occur

The main cause of these types of disease is common unsanitation. Neglecting personal hygiene and cleanliness of the room leads to a proliferation of flies that sooner or later make a clutch on a person.

Obligatory miasiasiasis

Caused by flies that originally parasitize warm-blooded organisms. Their other name is gadflies. The reproductive cycle in different individuals may include parasitizing flies in the stomach, nasal sinuses, or in the skin.

Stomach gadfly attaches its eggs to the forelimbs of herbivores. When an animal scratches its leg, it inadvertently swallows the eggs, which begin to develop in the gastrointestinal tract. Stomach gadfly eggs do not die in the intestines, but humans have little chance of contracting these parasites. Treat the disease with routine deworming. Humans are also helped by standard anthelmintics.

The skin gadfly also usually attacks large herbivores, laying eggs at the rate of one per hairline. It has no definite point of attachment for the egg. Larvae that hatch, burrow into the skin and begin feeding on the host’s flesh. Before entering the second stage of development, it makes a subcutaneous path to the back of the animal, where it forms a gauze with a hole for air.

Subcutaneous gadfly can also make a clutch on humans. In this case, the larvae begin their instinctive upward movement, emerging not on the back, but toward the host’s head.

Important!

The species is known to infiltrate the human brain, causing fatalities.

Subcutaneous miasis

The main cause of this disease is the larvae of blubber gadflies. Signs of subcutaneous myiasis in humans. red bloats with a hole in the middle. Larva activity causes pain in the host.

Subcutaneous miasis

To remove the parasites, first cover the airway with an airtight patch. In an attempt to breathe, the larva sticks its head out through the hole. After 24 hours, remove the plaster and pincer the larvae that have come out and gently pull them out. This procedure is done only in humans. In animals, they simply open up the gills.

Nasopharyngeal gadflies

These parasite species are viviparous. They do not lay eggs but inject live larvae that are ready to live into the nostrils, mouth, and eyes of animals and humans. Once on the mucous membranes, the parasites invade the victim’s body, causing cavitary miasma in the nose and lesions of the eyes and mucous membranes of the mouth. Nasopharyngeal gadfly offspring are localized in the frontal and nasal cavities, the pharynx, and the grating bone. The same larvae parasitize the mucous membranes of the eye and mouth and penetrate into the eyeballs.

What are the dangers of fly larvae

The larva of the housefly poses a certain danger to humans. The maggots are vectors of pathogens of various intestinal pathologies.

The insects actively lay eggs on the surface of fresh meat. If such a product reaches the human table without undergoing a complete thermal treatment, a significant number of larvae can enter the intestines.

Signs of intoxication in this case are:

Development of severe itching in the skin is not excluded.

The larvae of flies are vectors of serious diseases. One of these is miasis.

Miasis. parasitic pathologies belonging to the group of entomoses. Development of the disease is caused by penetration of fly larvae into the body cavities and living tissue.

The sprout fly (Delia platura) has a large habitat. Europe, Asia, North America. In Russia, Ukraine, Belarus it is found everywhere, except for the coldest regions. Another trait. omnivorousness.

You can find the sprout fly on cucumbers, corn, melons and many other plant species.

How to recognize the pest

These are small, 0.3-0.6 cm long, brownish gray flies with large red-orange faceted eyes.

The abdomen is gray in color. Body is covered with hairs. The eggs it lays are oblong and white, about 0.1 cm.

The larvae grow to about 0.5-0.7-cm, changing color from clear to muddy white as they develop. Brown pupae resemble an elongated oval up to 0.4-0.5 cm.

Developmental stages of the sprout fly

The first insect generation emerges in April or May, depending on the region. After mating, the fly lays 50-60 eggs by selecting damp, watered soil (without moisture, the eggs will die).

The sprout fly is especially fond of laying eggs on cucumbers. The duration of the embryonic stage is 3-10 days, the time is determined by the temperature of the soil.

Emerging transparent sprout fly larvae, 0.1-0.2 cm, very mobile. Moving in beds, they find germinating seeds, chew through the place of sprouts appearance and eat seeds from the inside.

Sprouts die after such damage. The speed of larval development depends on the amount of food and weather, the whole cycle of maturation takes 10-40 days. By the pupation stage, the larvae grow larger, fatter, and acquire a dirty white color.

The pupation stage takes place in the soil: summer generations. at a depth of 3-6 cm, winter generations are buried up to 8-10 cm. Hard brown-yellow glaze of the pupa ends with four strong teeth.

The pupal stage lasts 12-20 days in summer and 6-7 months in winter. Then the fly flies out of the pupa and the cycle repeats. In southern regions during the summer they may change 4 generations of pests, in cool climates. 1-2.

The harmful effects of the sprout fly

The most dangerous stage of this pest is the larvae. They are voracious and active. Larvae from the eggs of overwintering insects that appear during the sprouting period cause the most damage. Germinated seeds and weak sprouts quickly die when damaged.

Subsequent generations of larvae parasitize on older plants, which are not as vulnerable.

Not only the larvae are dangerous. If sprout flies appear on tomatoes, beans, potatoes and other crops, it means that their stems and seeds are damaged, weakened and cannot resist diseases and other parasites. The most common species of sprout fly on cucumbers.

The photo of damaged plants shows what cucumber sprout fly eats: the larvae gnaw into the subcotyledonous knee and continue up the stem eating it out.

Voracious and omnivorous larvae can cause the death of a large proportion of crops.

But even after germination, the plants that have grown strong can die if the number of larvae is high. So if a sprout fly appears, how to fight it. you need to decide right away.

Methods of pest control

Measures used to control the sprout fly on cucumbers, tomatoes and other crops are divided into three main groups:

• agrotechnical. proper treatment of soil and seeds;
• biological. use of natural enemies;
• chemical. application of insecticides.

Agricultural techniques

Competent soil treatment will help to prevent the appearance of parasites:

• autumn cleaning of a site from plant residues and weeds, where pests can hide;
• deep autumn plowing that destroys wintering pupae;
• good spring preparation of soil and seeds;
• The optimal time of sowing. before the emergence of larvae, so that the sprouts have time to get stronger;
• deep digging with manure. the smell attracts insects;
• periodic treatment of beds during plant growth, turning eggs out of hiding places;
• The recommended measure to control the sprout fly on cucumbers. planting them in the open ground only sprouts.

Natural enemies

Natural enemies can help get rid of the pest. These include:

Agrotechnical and biological control methods are effective with a small number of insects, as well as a pest prevention. If there is a large population of flies on the plot, insecticides should be used.

Insecticide application

Dangerous population limit is determined by catching flies with a net. If after 10 swipes of a net over a bed more than 5 specimens are stuck in it, you may lose your crop without chemical treatment.

Pre-sowing protection of seeds, application of insecticide granules to the soil before sowing, as well as treatment of plants during the growing period is necessary.

Once a sprout fly appears on cucumbers, it may cause loss of the entire crop. This dangerous pest is polyphagous, i.e. е. It is almost omnivorous.

Therefore, only timely prevention and immediate destruction of pests at the first signs of appearance will allow the gardener to rejoice in a good harvest.

Do we breed the gadfly in the fish ourselves?

Raising a gadfly in a fish is almost similar to raising fly larvae in a cattle liver. The only difference is that the raw fish together with the head is hung out on the street. As soon as the fish is rotten, the flies will certainly lay a clutch of eggs in its gills, from which the gadfly larvae will hatch.

Life cycle of the fly, flies laying egg, eggs hatching

After the flies do their job, the fish is removed from the hook and wrapped in dry newspaper, where it remains for another 4-5 days. During this time period, the larvae will grow to the required size and crawl between the sheets of newspaper.

It is very important that the fish is wrapped in several layers of paper. this will simplify the collection of ready-made bait in the future. Experienced anglers prefer this method of growing gadflies at home for its simplicity and accessibility. This method does not require sawdust and bran, as in the case of liver.