Valve lapping tool with your own hands

Valve lapping tool with your own hands

It is applied to the edge of the valve in the process and serves as a fine abrasive that lapped the valve to its seat. There are many variations of lapping paste. For example, such as the ones shown in the picture in the shape of the valves. It should be chosen from your finances and preferred manufacturer.

lapping paste differs in degree of processing: from coarse-grained (for initial processing) to fine-grained (for final processing). The latter are recommended by engine reconditioning specialists, t.к. It makes the process go faster. It depends not on the paste itself but on the condition of the valves and the chamfers and the right process. For some people a normal tube for 100, others want only the professional.

If you’re doing it yourself, it’s better to start with an ordinary lapping paste, not the most expensive. If something goes wrong, you can buy the right one in the process.

A “spherical bit” to remove the metal

This tool is used to rebuild valve seats. It is a nozzle for the valve seat, made to the shape of the valve seat. Mounted in the drill like a drill bit and small in size.

Do you need burrs?? Looking at the saddles that are pressed into the head. If they are not damaged, you can start lapping, but if they are damaged (piercing), then it is necessary to work with special burrs. In general, the technology is as follows: first it’s better to change the valve guides, then lapping.

New valves

They are not always needed. If you find that the valves are somewhat bent, trying to straighten them will get you nowhere, except for time and effort. It is more correct to go to the store and buy a new set of valves for the engine.

When replacing valves, pay attention to the quality. Their height should be uniform and the pins, faces and working chamfers are free of nicks and burrs. It is better to polish the rods to a mirror finish before installation. It is also worth polishing the surface of the pallet and the valve black neck to reduce heat and carbon buildup. Do not touch the sealing bevel, it only needs to be lapped to the seat.

Tools

You can use a drill and a rubber hose for that. The process is as follows: we put a hose on the drill (you can use a drill, and fasten it with clamps), and on this hose we put the engine valve (we fasten it with clamps) with lapping paste applied.

Then the valve is inserted into the valve seat and the lapping process begins. The main thing is not to give the maximum speed drill, the process should occur at low speed (400-500 rpm). If more revs, there is a risk of overheating the valve seats or belts. It is also not necessary to make circular movements, but it is better to simulate the work of the valve forward and backward. This way is not very good and takes a lot of time.

Valve lapping process

At valves and seats there are two types of defects: working chamfers are covered by sinks and carbon deposits, but have the correct form; working chamfers are covered by sinks and carbon deposits, but their correct conical shape is violated. on them a stepped surface was formed and the conical chamfer is rounded.

The perfect VALVE LAPPING TOOL!

In the first case, the valve is enough to lapping, in the second. before lapping the working chamfer grind on a lathe, and the valve seat is processed by conical burrs. lapping is performed with a drill, rotating the valve automatically turns it to both sides and then gradually rotates it around its circumference. Can be done with a hand drill or screwdriver, but it will take longer.

A layer of lapping paste for rough lapping is applied to the bevel of the valve and seats. Turn the valve 120° and in the opposite direction with light pressure on the valve head.

Another detail is the use of oil as a final paste. It must be applied by first washing off the pastes of all layers. This procedure allows you to determine the degree of lapping, because all the sinks, if any, will be visible.

No matter how the valves are lapped, the engine will still “tune it up”. A lot of effort can be expended to ensure absolute leak tightness, but after a couple of hours of engine operation the valve sealing will deteriorate. You can lapping valves carelessly, for example kerosene will protrude from under the valve, but not a river. And after a few days of engine operation, the tightness is improved.

If you start measuring them for leakage, you’ll find that in both cases, the motor has run the valves to their optimum condition. Therefore “fakes” with lapping with different pastes, finishing with GOI paste can be called an unnecessary waste of time.

Valve seat cones. a tool by means of which the car engine (more precisely, its valve mechanism) is returned to the operable condition after the performed repair. These scrapers, also called countersinks, are used to restore the tightness of the engine’s cylinders, which is one of the main conditions for its technically sound condition.

Complete set of tools for valve seat repair

How to properly lapping valves, lapping tools, inspection

Engine overhaul is a labor-intensive and rather expensive procedure. Many operations, independently in garage conditions, it is impossible to execute because of lack of necessary equipment, but on some it is quite possible to save. One of the ways to reduce the cost of bringing the engine in order is to lapping the valves with your own hands.

For the engine to run at maximum efficiency, the valves must close very tightly to eliminate energy loss. In order to achieve a good contact between the valve discs and the valve seats, they need to be lapped. The work will require:

Why Lubricate the Valves

valve discs and valve seats become soiled in the course of operation. It prevents inlet and outlet valves from closing hermetically. This is very important for normal engine operation. Because once the fuel-air mixture has been drawn into the combustion chamber on the intake stroke, the piston compresses it as it rises to its top dead center. intake and exhaust valves must be closed. The higher the compression ratio, the more efficient and economical is the engine operation. Of course, with a loose fit of the intake valve in the seat, the maximum compression and efficient combustion of the mixture will not occur, with all the ensuing consequences.

However, there are no difficulties in correcting the situation. time and effort is required to remove the cylinder head and the valves themselves. In addition, it is high probability that each of them does not need to be lapped.

How to check the quality of work

The signal for completion is the appearance of an even, roughly one and a half millimeters wide band. After that it is necessary to check how well the valves are lapped. For this purpose it is necessary to wash off the residual paste and apply oil, and then some more time to perform lapping. In this case, the unremoved sinks and scratches will be visible, if any. If there are none. the work can be considered as finished.

It should be noted that during the operation of the engine, the valves will pass the lapping process already without outside interference, so do not waste time to add the quality of lapping to the ideal. If you check the lapping with kerosene, the fuel fluid may leak a little from under the closed valve, but after the engine has been running for a few days, the leak tightness will be greatly improved.

Such operation as lapping of valves is included into the list of works on engine overhaul. it is aimed at ensuring the tightest possible fit of the valve head to the valve seat, thereby reducing to the maximum extent the possibility of fuel leaking into the cylinders or explosion of exhaust gases.

After prolonged vehicle operation, valve bevel and seat surfaces become soiled with carbon deposits, microcavities, and scuffs.

As a result the contact area between the surfaces decreases, the valve does not adhere to the seat, and therefore it begins to leak and the engine compression decreases.

the valve is lapped to remove the soot, scoring and to restore the contact patch between the valve and the seat.

Besides this operation within the framework of complete overhaul the valve lapping is carried out in some other cases.

So, this work is carried out:

• If the valve or seat is burned;
• If the valve head is burned through;
• When replacing them in case of damage, in general, whenever there are problems with these elements.

How to do it properly with your own hands

There are several ways to lapping valves. The best option is to use machines and cutters, but they are not always around. In this case it is better to resort to the manual version.

Grinding tools

Lapping tools are divided into two groups.

• Clamping the valve from above, fixed on the pin. On one side there is a handle. It has to be pulled and rotated to get results.
• “Suction cups.”. Fixed on the valve plate, also equipped with a handle. To use it, press the valve against the pallet and turn the device in different directions.

Valve lapping tool: clamping model from above

If no tool is available, a screwdriver or drill will work.

Regardless of the tool you choose, you will need the following tools:

No abrasive paste available? Prepare it! You will need fine grit sandpaper or shavings. Remove the stones from it and mix it with solidol or a similar substance in the ratio of 2 to 1. The consistency of the mixture should resemble shampoo. If necessary, standard engine oil may also be used as a base.

Important valve lapping: Apply abrasive paste

The lapping with your own hands on VAZ 2109 with paste

• Take the valve in your hands and put the spring on it. Put the valve back in place, back in the car.
• Press it with your fingers and install the tool prepared beforehand on the foot.
• Use a screw to fix the tool on the valve.
• Apply abrasive paste to the lapping surface of the plate.
• Rotate the valve in both directions while lapping. It is necessary to perform about 5 movements, and then you should lift the product, turn it 90 degrees and repeat the steps.
• Perform the procedure until a matte gray ring appears on the head plate and seat.
• When you have finished with all valves, wipe them with kerosene and wipe them thoroughly with a rag.

This is what the valve should look like after lapping

How to lapping on a machine

If you have access to a machine, you’re better off using it.

• Clamp the valve in its retainer and operate the machine. The grinding wheel rotates quickly in one direction, the valve in the other, slower. Carefully bring the product to the lap and lapping it.
• Don’t grind too hard. Stop grinding as soon as the grinding process is continuous.
• Stop the machine, remove the valve and wipe it with kerosene.
• After that, inspect the cylinder head. Inspect the seats pressed into the head. They can only be lapped if there is no damage. If there is a burnout on the saddles, work it in with a burr. until a gray ring appears all around.

To machine the saddles, you need a burr like this

Lapping valves with his hands

proper cleaning and lapping the valves in the garage conditions, easy and correctly lapping and setting back.

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This tool will help you a lot if you think about lapping the valves yourself.

Why lapping valves

In the process of work on the valve pads, as well as on the seats, sooting is formed. It prevents the inlet and outlet valves from closing hermetically. This is very important for proper engine operation. Because after the fuel-air mixture has been drawn into the combustion chamber at the intake stroke, the piston compresses it, rising to its top dead center. Intake and exhaust valves must be closed. The higher the compression ratio, the more efficient and economical the engine will be. Of course, if the intake valve is loose in the seat, maximum compression and efficient combustion of the mixture will no longer be possible, with all the ensuing consequences.

However, in order to correct the situation, there is not much difficulty. time and effort is needed to remove the cylinder head and valves themselves. In addition, there is a high probability that it is not necessary to lapping each one.

What is lapping and what is it for?

Valve lapping is a process that ensures the perfect fit of the intake and exhaust valves in the engine cylinders in their seating positions (seats). Typically, lapping is performed when valves are replaced with new ones or after an engine overhaul. Ideally, lapped valves provide maximum tightness in the cylinder (combustion chamber). This in turn ensures high compression levels, engine efficiency, normal running and performance.

In other words, if the new valves are not lapped, part of the energy of the combustion gases, will be irretrievably lost instead of providing the engine with a proper power. At that, fuel consumption is sure to increase, and the engine output is definitely reduced. Some modern vehicles are equipped with an automatic valve shape monitoring system. It simply lapped the valve, so that manual lapping is no longer necessary.

The lapping tool

The valve lapping attachment can be made from a drill, a drill bit, a hose and two clamps. The drill bit is inserted into the chuck, one end of the hose is put on the chuck and the chuck is tightened with a clamp. The other end of the hose is put on the valve stem that is inserted in its place.

Alternatively, a special suction cup can be used that clamps one end to the drill chuck and attaches the other end to the valve plate. When buying it should be checked, pay attention to the quality of the material from which the suction cup is made, because a low-quality device will constantly come off, and the work will become much more difficult.

Then you only need to apply the lapping compound, and then the process can begin. Lubrication of valves and seats should be done under the following conditions:

• the speed of the drill chuck does not exceed 500 rpm./min. To avoid overheating the seats and valve belts;
• lapping is performed in both directions (simulates operation of the gas distribution mechanism).

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